Poly[dimethyl­ammonium [aquadi-μ2-oxalato-samarate(III)] trihydrate]

In the title complex, {(C2H8N)[Sm(C2O4)2(H2O)]·3H2O}n, the SmIII atom is chelated by four oxalate ligands and one water mol­ecule forming a distorted tricapped trigonal–prismatic geometry. Each oxalate ligand chelates to two SmIII atoms, generating a three-dimensional anionic network with cavities in which the ammonium cations and lattice water mol­ecules reside. Various O—H⋯O, N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter­actions further stablize the crystal structure

5-Methyl-1,2,3,3a-tetra­hydro­benzo[e]pyrrolo­[2,1-b][1,3]oxazepin-10(5H)-one

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C13H15NO2, the main product of a photoreaction, contains two crystallographically independent mol­ecules. In both mol­ecules, the conformation of the seven-membered ring is twist sofa and that of the five-membered rings is envelope. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Poly[dimethyl­ammonium [aquadi-μ2-oxalato-yttriate(III)] trihydrate]

The title complex, {(C2H8N)[Y(C2O4)2(H2O)]·3H2O}n, was obtained accidentally under hydro­thermal conditions. The YIII atom is chelated by four oxalate ligands and one water mol­ecule resulting in a distorted tricapped trigonal–prismatic geometry. Each oxalate ligand bridges two YIII atoms, thus generating a three-dimensional network with cavities in which the ammonium cations and lattice water mol­ecules reside. Various O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter­actions stabilize the crystal structure. The title complex is isotypic with the Eu and Dy analogues

Bis(melaminium) tartrate dihydrate

In the title compound, 2C3H7N6 +·C4H4O6 2−·2H2O, in which the complete anion is generated by crystallographic twofold symmetry, there are O—H⋯O, N—H⋯O and N—H⋯N hydrogen-bonding inter­actions between neighbouring moieties, forming layers parallel to the bc plane. In addition, π–π contacts [centroid–centroid distance = 3.6541 (9) Å] between the six-membered rings of the melamine cations are observed

catena-Poly[[(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)cadmium(II)]-μ-oxalato-κ4 O 1,O 2:O 1′,O 2′]

In the title complex, [Cd(C2O4)(C12H8N2)]n, the CdII atom has a distorted octa­hedral coordination, defined by four O atoms from two symmetry-related oxalate ligands and by two N atoms from a bidentate 1,10-phenanthroline ligand. Each oxalate ligand bridges two CdII atoms, generating a zigzag chain structure propagating along [100]. The packing of the structure is consolidated by non-classical C—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter­actions

(3aR*,5R*)-5-(4-Chloro­phen­yl)-1,2,3,3a-tetra­hydro­benzo[e]pyrrolo­[2,1-b][1,3]ox­azepin-10(5H)-one

The title compound, C18H16ClNO2, is the main product of a photoreaction. The two benzene rings make a dihedral angle of 86.40 (2)° with each other. The 1,3-oxazepine C atom to which the 4-chloro­phenyl group is attached and the C atom of the 4-chloro­phenyl group attached to the 1,3-oxazepine ring are chiral C atoms, but the crystal is a racemate in which the enanti­omers are linked by a pair of weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bond, forming an inversion dimer

5-p-Tolyl-1,2,3,3a-tetra­hydro­benzo[e]pyrrolo­[2,1-b][1,3]oxazepin-10(5H)-one

The structure of the title compound, C19H19NO2, contains a seven-membered ring, which is fused to one five- and one six-membered ring, and carries a tolyl substituent. The two benzene rings are oriented relative to each other at a dihedral angle of 86.90 (7)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Probing the nature of high- z short GRB 090426 with its early optical and X-ray afterglows

GRB 090426 is a short-duration burst detected by Swift (  s in the observer frame and  s in the burst frame at z = 2.609 ). Its host galaxy properties and some gamma-ray-related correlations are analogous to those seen in long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), which are believed to be of a massive star origin (so-called Type II GRBs). We present the results of its early optical observations with the 0.8-m Tsinghua University–National Astronomical Observatory of China Telescope (TNT) at Xinglong Observatory and the 1-m LOAO telescope at Mt Lemmon Optical Astronomy Observatory in Arizona. Our well-sampled optical afterglow light curve covers from to 10 4  s after the GRB trigger. It shows two shallow decay episodes that are likely due to energy injection, which end at and 7100 s, respectively. The decay slopes after the injection phases are consistent with each other ( ). The X-ray afterglow light curve appears to trace the optical, although the second energy-injection phase was missed due to visibility constraints introduced by the Swift orbit. The X-ray spectral index is without temporal evolution. Its decay slope is consistent with the prediction of the forward shock model. Both X-ray and optical emission are consistent with being in the same spectral regime above the cooling frequency ( ). The fact that is below the optical band from the very early epoch of the observation provides a constraint on the burst environment, which is similar to that seen in classical long-duration GRBs. We therefore suggest that death of a massive star is the possible progenitor of this short burst.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/79209/1/j.1365-2966.2010.17419.x.pd

Mulberry Leaf Regulates Differentially Expressed Genes in Diabetic Mice Liver Based on RNA-Seq Analysis

The pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus is a complicated process involving much gene regulation. The molecular mechanism of mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf in the treatment of diabetes is not fully understood. In this study, we used the Illumina HiSeq™ 2,500 platform to explore the liver transcriptome of normal mice, STZ-induced diabetic mice, and mulberry leaf-treated diabetic mice, and we obtained 52,542,956, 52,626,414, and 52,780,196 clean reads, respectively. We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during the pathogenesis of diabetes in mice. The functional properties of DEGs were characterized by comparison with the GO and KEGG databases, and the results show that DEGs are mainly involved in the metabolic pathway. qRT-PCR was used to analyse 27 differential genes involved in liver expression in different groups of diabetic mice. Among the DEGs, the expression of Scube1, Spns3, Ly6a, Igf2, and other genes between the control (C) and diabetic control (DC) groups was significantly upregulated; the expression of Grb10, Mup2, and Fasn was significantly downregulated; the expression of the Sqle, Lss, and Irs2 genes between the C group and diabetic group treated with mulberry (DD) was significantly upregulated; the expression of Fabp2, Ly6a, and Grb10 was significantly downregulated; and the expression of Sqle and Lss was significantly upregulated in the DC and DD groups, but Tap1, Igf2, and Spns3 were significantly downregulated. The results of Western blot validation showed that dynamic changes in proteins, such as IGF2, Ly6a, Grb10, and UBD, occurred to regulate the incidence of diabetes by influencing the insulin receptor substrate (IRS) signaling pathway