Interleukin-10 -592C/A, -819C/T and -1082A/G Polymorphisms with Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A HuGE Review and Meta-analysis.

Several studies have been conducted in recent years to evaluate the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and polymorphisms of interleukin (IL)-10. However, the results remain conflicting rather than conclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to summarize the current evidence from case-control studies that evaluated this association.We carried out a search in Medline, EMBASE, and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database for relevant studies. Data were extracted using a standardized form and pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the strength of the association.10 studies were included in our meta-analysis and systemic review. Our meta-analysis indicated that IL-10 -1082A/G polymorphism was associated with the risk of T2DM (GA vs. AA: OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.03-1.14; GA/GG vs. AA: OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.05-1.41), whereas there was no association between IL-10 -592C/A (CC/CA vs. AA: OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.59-1.93) or -819C/T (CC/CT vs. TT: OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.49-1.75) polymorphism and T2DM risk was found in our study.This meta-analysis provides strong evidence that IL-10 -1082A/G polymorphism associated with risk of T2DM. However, no association of the IL-10 -592C/A or -819C/T polymorphism with T2DM risk was found. Additional well-designed large studies were required for the validation of our results

Disturbed subjective sleep in Chinese females with type 2 diabetes on insulin therapy.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence and determine the possible risk factors of poor sleep quality in Chinese type 2 diabetes patients with insulin treatment. METHODS: 140 type 2 diabetes patients with insulin treatments were enrolled in our study. General characteristics and laboratory testing such glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), post-prandial plasma glucose (PPG) were measured. Every patient completed Chinese version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. PSQI global score>5 was defined as poor sleep quality. RESULTS: Global PSQI score was significantly higher in female type 2 diabetes patients with insulin treatment than male (7.52 vs 6.08, P<0.05). After adjusting for age, BMI, FPG, PPG, HbA1c and duration of diabetes, female is still an independent risk factor for poor sleep quality [OR = 2.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.24-5.27, P = 0.01]. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that we found poor sleep quality in female Chinese type 2 diabetes patients with insulin treatment and these findings may contribute to sleep disorder control in female type 2 diabetes

Edible Composite Coating of Chitosan and Curdlan Maintains Fruit Quality of Postharvest Cherry Tomatoes

Postharvest cherry tomatoes are prone to senescence, decay and nutrient loss during the storage period owing to microbial invasion and their own metabolism. In this work, postharvest cherry tomatoes were treated with a composite coating of 1% chitosan and 1% curdlan, and the characteristics of postharvest cherry tomatoes during storage were investigated. Compared to control samples, after 21 d of storage under ambient conditions, the cherry tomatoes treated with the chitosan and curdlan coatings showed less rottenness, less weight loss, a lower respiration rate, reduced ethylene production, lower malonaldehyde (MDA) content and reduced membrane permeability. After the samples were treated with the composite coating, the activities of free radical scavenging enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) were maintained at higher levels; the activities of related disease-resistant enzymes such as chitinase (CHI) and glucanase (GLU) were also maintained at higher levels. The soluble solids, titratable acidity, firmness, vitamin C content, lycopene content and antioxidant activities of postharvest cherry tomatoes treated with the composite coating exhibited higher levels as well. The composite coating of chitosan and curdlan might be a potentially promising method for preserving postharvest cherry tomatoes and other fruits

Flow diagram of the literature search and trial selection process.

<p>Flow diagram of the literature search and trial selection process.</p

Total and stratified analyses of the interleukin-10 polymorphisms on type 2 diabetes mellitus risk.

<p>a numberof studies; b <i>P</i> value of Q-test for heterogeneity test; c Random-effects model was used when <i>P</i> value for heterogeneity test <0.10;</p><p>otherwise, fixed-effects model was used; 0.00 means value <0.01; NA not applicable.</p

Meta-analysis with a random-effect model for the ORs of type 2 diabetes mellitus risk associated with interleukin-10 polymorphisms in dominant genetic model comparison.

<p>(A: −592C/A; B: −819C/T; C: −1082A/G.).</p

Study characteristics of inclulded studies in this meta-analysis.

<p>Study characteristics of inclulded studies in this meta-analysis.</p

Funnel plot for publication bias of the meta-analysis of type 2 diabetes mellitus risk and interleukin-10 polymorphisms in dominant genetic model comparison.

<p>(A: −592C/A; B: −819C/T; C: −1082A/G.).</p

Clinical characteristics of 140 patients with type 2 diabetes on insulin therapy.

<p>Student’s t-test. female vs male *P<0.05, #P<0.01.</p><p>BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c; PSQI, Pitts-burgh sleep quality index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; PPG, post-prandial plasma glucose.</p

Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis of the association between patient’s characteristics and disturbed subjective sleep.

<p>Multivariate logistic regression analysis.</p><p>B, regression coefficient; SD, standard error; OR, Odds Ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c.</p