Pengaruh Pemberian Bahan Aktif Ekstrak Nannochloropsis Oculata Terhadap Kadar Radikal Bebas Pada Ikan Kerapu Tikus (Cromileptes Altivelis) Yang Terinfeksi Bakteri Vibrio Alginolyticus [the Influence of Supply of Bioactive Extract Nannochloropsis Oculata to Dose of Free Radicals in the Humpback Grouper (Cromileptes Altivelis) That Was Infected by Vibrio Alginolyticus]

Nanochloropsis oculata is one of kind green algae that overload in Indonesia ocean. The purpose of this research was to know the potency antioxidant of Nannochloropsis oculata extract as in the Humback Grouper. The research was conducted by experimently and used direct random sampling as design with 4 experiments and 3 repeats i.e control fish, fish was added Nannochloropsis oculata extract, Vibrio alginolyticus - infected fish, and Vibrio alginolyticus - infected fish that was added Nannochloropsis oculata extract. The result showed, fish that added by Nannchloropsis oculata extract made a different influence which was very clear to the decreasing of free radical in the body. Free radical (malonaldehid) in the Vibrio alginolyticus - infected fish was 4, 04 µg/100 mg which fish was added by Nannochloropsis oculata extract, the free radical level was decrease into 3, 29 µg/100 mg massa

Mekanisme Infeksi Vibrio Pada Reseptor Ikan Kerapu Tikus Cromileptes Altivelis [the Mechanism of Vibrio Infection to Grouper Reseptor Cromileptes Altivelis]

One of the most favourite fish that farmer fish cultivated because its high economic value was gouper (C. altivelis). The obstacle in cultivation system was caused by Vibrio algynolitycus. Vibrio angullarum, Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Vibrio harveyi infection. Many deseases that attacked to the grouper was caused by the role of pathogen specific as a ligan and its reseptor. The aim of these study was to improve and to know the role of reseptor in vibriosis mechanism with tested spesific reseptor protein of grouper Cromileptes altivelis. These study used experimental and descriptive methode with identified of grouper reseptor, Hemaglutinin test and observation use electron microscope. These study result showed that reseptor protein of C. altivelis was found in its eyes. These showed spesivity and reactivity to the vibriosis specific epitop

The Effect Of Crude Protein Halimeda SP. On Cyprinus Carpio Infected Koi Herpes Virus On Expression Of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class-1

Halimeda sp. is a kind species of macroalgae that abundant grow in Indonesia. The utilization of Halimeda especially protein for disease prevention caused by the virus has not been done to the fish. The purpose of the study is to know the treatment of crude protein Halimeda sp on Cyprinus carpio infected by Koi Harvest Virus (KHV) on the expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class 1. MHC class-1 is one of the immune adaptive response on fish like this C. carpio. The methods are isolation of crude protein Halimeda sp, purification of crude protein, Haemagglutination (HA) test and dot blot test. The result shows that the crude protein of Halimeda sp. can produce of adaptive immune response like MHC class 1. MHC class-1 has the function of the immune system for maintenance of virus attacks directly. Responsible of treatment crude protein Halimeda sp. on C. carpio can be showed quantitatively using the dot blot test result. The conclusion is the crude protein of Halimeda sp. able to activate the MHC class I and to inhibit the proliferation of the KHV and maintenance of the fish cell of C. carpio.

The Analysis of Hepatopancreas Histologycal Damage in Neocallichirus Karumba (Poore and Griffin) Shrimp Caused by Heavy Metal Pb Exposure in Madura Strait

Madura strait known as the second busiest shipping lanes in Indonesia. Human activities on the environment can influence the marine ecosystem derived from the household, fishery processing and capture fisheries. It can pollute coastal environments, one of which is heavy metal exposure such as Cd, Hg, Ca, As and Pb. These metals are greatly impacting the life of sea biota. The objective of this research, therefore, is to examine the hepatopancreas damage rate of shrimp Neocallichirus karumba due to the exposure of heavy metal Pb in Madura Strait. Method of research is by analyzing Pb content in water, sediment and shrimp by taking sample from 3 different stations. Hepatopancreas damage is then analyzed with SEM-EDX. Result of research indicates that at Station A, Pb pollution in water is the biggest and counted for 0.25 ppm, while those in sediment and shrimp are 5.85 ppm and 1.24 ppm. At Station B, Pb pollution in water is 0.19 ppm, whereas that in sediment is 5.51 ppm, but that in shrimp is 1.04 ppm. At Station C, Pb pollution in water counts for 0.18 ppm, and in sediment, it stands for 5.5 ppm but 0.02 ppm for shrimp. Result of analysis against hepatopancreas damage is explained as follows. At Station A, vacuolization is 20 % and Pb content in organ is 0.520 ppm. At Station B, the parameters are 10% and 0.196ppm. At Station C, it includes 15% and 0.173ppm. Organ damage is straightforwardly related to Pb content in water and sediment. Shrimp age is quite influential to the percentage of organ damage

Fungsi Sel Imun Interleukin-4 (IL-4) Pada Ikan Kerapu Tikus (Cromileptes Altivelis) Dengan Induksi Protein Imunogenik Vibrio Harveyi [the Function of Interleukin-4 (IL-4) Immune Cells on Humpback Grouper (Cromileptes Altivelis) by Induction of Immunogenic Protein of Vibrio Harveyi ]

Humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) is a commodity to be cultivated because it has a high price, but the grouper highly susceptible to Vibriosis (Vibrio harveyi). The research objective was to see the function of immune cells of interleukin-4 (IL-4) are formed due to the induction of immunogenic proteins of Vibrio harveyi. Research procedures include Vibrio harveyi immunogenic protein isolation, SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, elektroelusi and dialysis, clinical exam of Vibrio harveyi immunogenic proteins, and immunohistochemical to look at immune cells (cells IL-4) with using a secondary antibody labeling of anti IL-4 biotin conjugate. The results showed that Vibrio harveyi protein found have immunogenic properties is 51.16 kDa. This protein is an adhesin protein. Protein 51.16 kDa was purified by electroelution and the protein will be used as a vaccine administered by intraperitoneal injection in grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) at a dose of 31.6 ug protein / 150 g of fish weight. In organ tissues of the brain, eyes and kidneys of induced fish by immunohistochemical examination, It was detected Immune cells (cells IL-4) using a secondary antibody labeling of anti IL-4 biotin conjugate. Tues formed IL-4 can be seen on the network grouper indicated by a change in tissue color with an inverted microscope examination of the golden brown color is formed on the IL-4 immune cells. It show the cross-reaction between 51.16 kDa immunogenic protein induced in fish with anti IL-4 biotin conjugate. The conclusions is the protein of Vibrio harveyi with molecular weight of 51.16 kDa is an immunogenic protein which able to induce formation of IL-4 in grouper

Karakteristik Sedimen di Perairan Pesisir Lekok, Kabupaten Pasuruan, Jawa Timur

Sedimentation is one of the dynamics that occur in coastal areas to determine the condition of the coast. Lekok coastal water is one of the open water areas that have very fluctuating dynamics in coastal changes. The structural study of sediment distribution conducted in this location is used to provide information about the process of transportation and sedimentation based on the distribution of sediment grain size. This study aims to determine the horizontal grain sediment size in the Lekok coastal waters. This research was conducted at nine sampling points by sampling in the form of primary sediments randomly using the grab sampler method. Furthermore, further analysis is done by the gravimetric method. Based on the results of the study note that sediments characteristic in Lekok coastal water are generally dominated by three types of sediments, namely: sandy loam, loam, and silt loam. Sorting values ​​are in a well-sorted to the moderately well-sorted condition where the sediment conditions are well sorted. The skewness value is skewed positively, where the value indicates a positive skewed sedimentary condition. The value of kurtosis is in the leptokurtic condition where the sediment from station 1 to station 9 is homogeneous

Plastic Litter as Pollutant in the Aquatic Environment: A Mini-review

HighlightThe issue of plastic litter and microplastics which is currently of special concern in global particularly IndonesiaThe review of size, colour and shape of microplastics that becomes part of the plastic litterThe observed review highlight of plastic litter and microplastics impact on environmental health particularly aquatic biotaAbstractThe negative impact that comes from plastic litter in the aquatic environment is a scourge for the entire world including Indonesia.Plastic litter has a huge influence on the most biota who lives in symbiosis with along the aquatic environment as it is able to sustainability. Moreover, there are other factors that cause the death of aquatic biota. Nowadays, the negative impact of plastic litter occurs on an ongoing basis through the food chain process which until now has not been well studied. Therefore, it is necessary to do further studies on the influence of the food chain as a vector of plastic litter distribution, particularly microplastic on aquatic biota from the first trophic level to high trophic levels