3D profile micrographs from the center of the wear zone of the femoral head (a) and cup (c) in control group after 3MC wear test.

<p>More protein deposition, shallow grooves, less wear. 3D profile micrographs from the wear zone of the femoral head (b) and cup (d) in experimental group after 3MC wear test. Less protein deposition, deeper grooves, more wear.</p

Figure 4

<p>(a)The image of Durom cup before implantation (b)The image of Durom cup after implantation. (c) the image of the cup in the pelvis and location of deformation.</p

Demographics of the cumulative volumetric wear of cups and heads.

<p>Demographics of the cumulative volumetric wear of cups and heads.</p

Figure 8

<p>(a)Size distribution curve of wear particles (b)Image of aggregated CoCr wear particles (SEM, ×20,000) (c) The elemental composition in the wear particles by EDS analysis.</p

The ion levels(Levels of Co, Cr) in lubricant from 0.33, 0.66, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0. 2.5 and 3.0 MC test-points.

<p>Mean values displayed in parts per billion (ppb).</p

The loads used in hip simulator study.

<p>The loads used in hip simulator study.</p

Six-Station Prosim 2 Hip Simulator (Simsol, Stockport, UK).

<p>Six-Station Prosim 2 Hip Simulator (Simsol, Stockport, UK).</p

Demographics of the deformation of each cup along with the corresponding wear value for each bearing.

<p>Demographics of the deformation of each cup along with the corresponding wear value for each bearing.</p

Figure 1

<p>(a)Durom cup after white sprayed (b)Durom after black dots sprayed (c) Implantation of the Durom cup.</p