Robustness of the Tc1 induced phenotypes observed in different genetic backgrounds and interference with different rescues.

<p>(+), (=), (−) or (±) respectively indicate a reported effect with an improvement, similar or with an impairment compared to the control littermates. The (±) corresponds to a partial rescue compared to the transchromosomic Tc1 model. Data adapted from [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0115302#pone.0115302.ref023" target="_blank">23</a>,<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0115302#pone.0115302.ref024" target="_blank">24</a>] ^*, [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0115302#pone.0115302.ref029" target="_blank">29</a>] ^§ and this work.</p><p>Robustness of the Tc1 induced phenotypes observed in different genetic backgrounds and interference with different rescues.</p

Open field locomotor activity of mice.

<p>The distance travelled (m) during the exploration of the open-field by mice with different genotypes are shown Tc1/Ms2Yah during the consecutive 0–10, 10–20, 20–30 min intervals. The activity of Tc1/Ms2Yah was increased mainly during the first 10 minutes (parameter “distance travelled”, Two-way ANOVA “0–10 min”, F(2,111) = 12.524 p < 0.001; Tuckey’s post hoc method “wt vs Tc1/Ms2Yah” q = 4.663, p = 0.007; “Ms2Yah vs Tc1/Ms2Yah” q = 5.108, p = 0.003 and “Tc1 vs Tc1/Ms2Yah” q = 3.968, p = 0.03Tc1/Ms2YahTc1/Ms2Yah). Values are means + s.e.m.</p

Learning and Reversal reference memory performance of mice in the Morris water maze.

<p>(A) The distance traveled on left panel (m) and the percentage of distance traveled in the target quadrant (SE) during the probe trial (S7) on the right (with data from every individual shown), are shown during learning in the Morris water maze. Mice from the four genotypes learned where the platform is located (SE) with a reduction of the distance traveled to find the platform over the 6 learning sessions (S1 to S6). In the right panel, the horizontal line indicates the distance travelled using a random search strategy 25%. No difference was observed for the different genotypes. (B) In the consecutive reversal session we observed similar learning capacities when the platform position was located in the NW quadrant, and after five reversal learning days (RS1 to RS5) shown on the left. During the following probe trial (right panel, RS6), individuals from all the genotypes spent more time in the new target quadrant (NW). Values represent mean + s.e.m.</p

Comparison between C57BL/6N and C57BL/6J for their mean blood pressure and heart rate responses to various salt challenges.

<p>Mice were monitored with telemetry during the dark (A, B) and light (C) periods of a modified light/dark cycle. NS = normal salt diet (n = 17 and n = 17, for C57BL/6N and C57BL/6J respectively), LS = low salt diet (n = 15 and n = 17, for C57BL/6N and C57BL/6J respectively), HS = high Na⁺/normal K⁺ diet (n = 8 and n = 8, for C57BL/6N and C57BL/6J respectively) and HS/LK = high Na⁺/low K⁺ diet (n = 6 and n = 9, for C57BL/6N and C57BL/6J respectively). One-way ANOVA per light phase followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test; *: p<0.05 compared to NS diet; #: p<0.05 HS/LK compared to HS.</p

Effects of various salt challenges on mean blood pressure and heart rate in C57BL/6N male mice.

<p>Mice were monitored with telemetry and placed in a standard (A, C) or modified light/dark cycle (B, D). NS = normal salt diet (n = 12 and n = 17, for the standard and modified light cycle respectively), LS = low salt diet (n = 11 and n = 15, for the standard and modified light cycle respectively), HS = high Na⁺/normal K⁺ diet (n = 5 and n = 6, for the standard and modified light cycle respectively). One-way ANOVA per light phase followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test; *: p<0.05 compared to NS diet.</p

Plasma ion, aldosterone and renin activity measurements in C57BL/6N and C57BL/6J male mice.

<p>Plasma ion, aldosterone and renin activity measurements in C57BL/6N and C57BL/6J male mice.</p

Effects of high-salt/normal potassium and high-salt/low potassium on mean blood pressure and heart rate in C57BL/6N mice.

<p>Mice were monitored with telemetry in the dark (A, B, C) and light (C) periods of a modified light/dark cycle. NS = normal salt diet (n = 17), LS = low salt diet (n = 15), HS = high Na⁺/normal K⁺ diet (n = 8) and HS/LK = high Na⁺/low K⁺ diet (n = 6). One-way ANOVA per light phase followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test; *: p<0.05 compared to NS diet; #: p<0.05 HS/LK compared to HS.</p

Comparison between C57BL/6N and C57BL/6J for their systolic blood pressure and heart rate responses to various salt challenges measured by NIBP.

<p>Measurements were made during the dark periods of a modified light/dark cycle. NS = normal salt diet (n = 20 and n = 20, for C57BL/6N and C57BL/6J respectively), LS = low salt diet (n = 20 and n = 20, for C57BL/6N and C57BL/6J respectively), HS = high Na⁺/normal K⁺ diet (n = 9 and n = 10, for C57BL/6N and C57BL/6J respectively) and HS/LK = high Na⁺/low K⁺ diet (n = 9 and n = 10, for C57BL/6N and C57BL/6J respectively). One-way ANOVA per light phase followed by Tukey Kramer’s post-hoc test; #: p<0.05 HS/LK compared to HS.</p

Effect of high salt diets on the circadian blood pressure variations in C57BL/6N and C57BL/6J mice under a reverse light/dark cycle.

<p>2.5 days continuous telemetric recordings of systolic blood pressure after 2 weeks of NS, HS or HS/LK diet challenge. A) n = 8 per group B) n = 6 per group C) n = 8 per group D) n = 9 per group. Two-way ANOVA followed by Sidak’s post-hoc test *: p<0.05 for interaction.</p

Sodium and potassium levels in urine and plasma in C57BL/6N.

<p>Sodium and potassium levels in urine and plasma in C57BL/6N.</p