Geochemical characteristics and hydrocarbon potential of source rocks of the Upper Permian Linxi Formation in the Kundu-Taohaiyingzi area, NE China

The extremely thick dark mudstone of the Permian Linxi Formation in the Kundu-Taohaiyingzi area of northeastern China is a promising potential area for shale gas prospecting in the periphery of the Songliao Basin. This study involved a geological field survey, outcrop sample collection, and comprehensive geochemical analysis to conduct an in-depth analysis of the organic matter enrichment and hydrocarbon generation potential of the dark mudstone of the target zone, using organic petrology and organic geochemistry. The results show that the thermal maturity of the dark mudstone of the Linxi Formation is in the mature to high-mature stage. The organic matter is dominated by type II kerogen and supplemented by type III kerogen, and the average total organic carbon content is 0.76%, classifying it as a medium-good source rock. The main peak of carbon numbers is primarily distributed between nC17 and nC19, with a smaller amount at nC21. The distribution of n-alkanes follows a pre-peak pattern characterized by medium and low carbon numbers, suggesting that the organic matter originates from aquatic plants, bacteria, and algae. Combined with the fact that the ratios of pristine and phytane (Pr/Ph) are mainly distributed in the range of 0.99â1.33, the sedimentary environment is a weakly reduced to weakly oxidized lacustrine bay. The systematic analysis of the source rocks of the Upper Permian Linxi Formation in the Kundu-Taohaiyingzi area indicates favorable prospects for shale gas exploration. Utilizing a comprehensive superposition method of geological information, this article identified the Yamen GachaâSaihan Tala area as a potential area for shale gas exploration

Assimilation and Reassembling in Entertainment and Media Industry

Entertainment and Media industry has enriched human life and is indispensable in contemporary society, in which variety shows play an essential role. In terms of contents and types of variety shows, people are constantly exploring and innovating, creating entertaining programs dealing with topical references. Based on the status quo of Chinese variety-show market, this paper provides insight into successful cases of incorporating Chinese unique characteristics into prevailing shows via innovative modes, in pursuit of both commercial and social values. Mixed research methods, including comparative case study, Semi-structured interview and analysis of existing statistics, are employed to explore this topic. We have four interviewees from distinct fields, which helps us to conduct more comprehensive analysis on the innovation modes applied in both cases--- Sisters Who Make Waves and China Poetry Congress, in view of Schumpeter’s classical definition of innovation. We find that new reassembling of traditional components gives the variety shows a cutting edge, reflected in the application of new technology or the destruction of conventional modes. In fact, the essence of both cultural innovation and mode innovation relies on creative assimilation of original elements. Generally, Chinese variety shows are supposed to enhance the production quality and impacts of platforms through content innovation, mode diversification and giving full play to celebrity benefits.</jats:p

Gold nanoparticles supported by imidazolium-based porous organic polymers for nitroarene reduction

Gold nanoparticles supported by imidazolium-based porous organic polymers exhibit higher catalytic activity, selectivity and recyclability than those supported by a non-ionic analogue.</p

Coupled relationship between algal assemblages and water, surface sediments in modern shallow lakes of the Songnen Plain

In order to study the influencing factors for the enrichment of organic matter in Mesozoic and Cenozoic shale in lacustrine basins, the Pearson analyses of algal assemblages, physical and chemical properties of water body, sedimentary grain size, magnetic susceptibility and chromaticity were carried out from the aspect of modern lacustrine deposition. The coupled relationship between modern algal assemblages and water body, surface sediments in the Zhongnei Lake, which is a semi-enclosed shallow lake in the Songnen Plain, showed that topography and wind field affected the enrichment of organic matter in semi-enclosed brackish lakes with acidic and mixed water bodies. In different sites of the Zhongnei Lake, the abundance of cyanobacteria, green algae and diatoms are affected by water temperature and has a certain relationship with the degree of sediment sorting. Water temperature and sediment sorting are significantly controlled by the interference of local wind field

Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Tegument Protein VP22 Abrogates cGAS/STING-Mediated Antiviral Innate Immunity

ABSTRACT Cytosolic DNA arising from intracellular pathogens is sensed by cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and triggers a powerful innate immune response. However, herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), a double-stranded DNA virus, has developed multiple mechanisms to attenuate host antiviral machinery and facilitate viral infection and replication. In the present study, we found that HSV-1 tegument protein VP22 acts as an inhibitor of cGAS/stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS/STING)-mediated production of interferon (IFN) and its downstream antiviral genes. Our results showed that ectopic expression of VP22 decreased cGAS/STING-mediated IFN-β promoter activation and IFN-β production. Infection with wild-type (WT) HSV-1, but not VP22-deficient virus (ΔVP22), inhibited immunostimulatory DNA (ISD)-induced activation of the IFN signaling pathway. Further study showed that VP22 interacted with cGAS and inhibited the enzymatic activity of cGAS. In addition, stable knockdown of cGAS facilitated the replication of ΔVP22 virus but not the WT. In summary, our findings indicate that HSV-1 VP22 acts as an antagonist of IFN signaling to persistently evade host innate antiviral responses. IMPORTANCE cGAS is very important for host defense against viral infection, and many viruses have evolved ways to target cGAS and successfully evade the attack by the immune system of their susceptible host. This study demonstrated that HSV-1 tegument protein VP22 counteracts the cGAS/STING-mediated DNA-sensing antiviral innate immunity signaling pathway by inhibiting the enzymatic activity of cGAS. The findings in this study will expand our understanding of the interaction between HSV-1 replication and the host DNA-sensing signaling pathway. </jats:p

Imidazolium-Based Porous Organic Polymers: Anion Exchange-Driven Capture and Luminescent Probe of Cr₂O₇^2–

A series of imidazolium-based porous organic polymers (POP-Ims) was synthesized through Yamamoto reaction of 1,3-bis­(4-bromophenyl)­imidazolium bromide and tetrakis­(4-bromophenyl)­ethylene. Porosities and hydrophilicity of such polymers may be well tuned by varying the ratios of two monomers. POP-Im with the highest density of imidazolium moiety (POP-Im1) exhibits the best dispersity in water and the highest efficiency in removing Cr₂O₇^2–. The capture capacity of 171.99 mg g^–1 and the removal efficiency of 87.9% were achieved using an equivalent amount of POP-Im1 within 5 min. However, no Cr₂O₇^2– capture was observed using nonionic analogue despite its large surface area and abundant pores, suggesting that anion exchange is the driving force for the removal of Cr₂O₇^2–. POP-Im1 also displays excellent enrichment ability and remarkable selectivity in capturing Cr₂O₇^2–. Cr­(VI) in acid electroplating wastewater can be removed completely using excess POP-Im1. In addition, POP-Im1 can serve as a luminescent probe for Cr₂O₇^2– due to the incorporation of luminescent tetraphenylethene moiety