116,149 research outputs found
The Fermi Bubbles: Gamma-ray, Microwave, and Polarization Signatures of Leptonic AGN Jets
The origin of the Fermi bubbles and the microwave haze is yet to be
determined. To disentangle different models requires detailed comparisons
between theoretical predictions and multi-wavelength observations. Our previous
simulations have demonstrated that the primary features of the Fermi bubbles
could be successfully reproduced by recent jet activity from the central active
galactic nucleus (AGN). In this work, we generate gamma-ray and microwave maps
and spectra based on the simulated properties of cosmic rays (CRs) and magnetic
fields in order to examine whether the observed bubble and haze emission could
be explained by leptons contained in the AGN jets. We also investigate the
model predictions of the polarization properties of the Fermi bubbles. We find
that: (1) The same population of leptons can simultaneously explain the bubble
and haze emission given that the magnetic fields within the bubbles are very
close to the exponentially distributed ambient field, which can be explained by
mixing in of the ambient field followed by turbulent field amplification; (2)
The centrally peaked microwave profile suggests CR replenishment, which is
consistent with the presence of a more recent second jet event; (3) The bubble
interior exhibits a high degree of polarization because of ordered radial
magnetic field lines stretched by elongated vortices behind the shocks;
highly-polarized signals could also be observed inside the draping layer; (4)
Enhancement of rotation measures could exist within the shock-compressed layer
because of increased gas density and more amplified and ordered magnetic
fields. We discuss the possibility that the deficient haze emission at b<-35
degrees is due to the suppression of magnetic fields, which is consistent with
the existence of lower-energy CRs causing the polarized emission at 2.3 GHz.
Possible AGN jet composition in the leptonic scenario is also discussed.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, matched with MNRAS published versio
Charge-stripe order in the electronic ferroelectric LuFe2O4
The structural features of the charge ordering states in LuFe2O4 are
characterized by in-situ cooling TEM observations from 300K down to 20K. Two
distinctive structural modulations, a major q1= (1/3, 1/3, 2) and a weak
q2=q1/10 + (0, 0, 3/2), have been well determined at the temperature of 20K.
Systematic analysis demonstrates that the charges at low temperatures are well
crystallized in a charge stripe phase, in which the charge density wave
behaviors in a non-sinusoidal fashion resulting in elemental electric dipoles
for ferroelectricity. It is also noted that the charge ordering and
ferroelectric domains often change markedly with lowering temperatures and
yields a rich variety of structural phenomena.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figure
The nonperturbative closed string tachyon vacuum to high level
We compute the action of closed bosonic string field theory at quartic order
with fields up to level ten. After level four, the value of the potential at
the minimum starts oscillating around a nonzero negative value, in contrast
with the proposition made in [5]. We try a different truncation scheme in which
the value of the potential converges faster with the level. By extrapolating
these values, we are able to give a rather precise value for the depth of the
potential.Comment: 24 pages. v2: typos corrected, clarified extrapolation in scheme B,
and added extrapolated tachyon and dilaton vev's at the end of Section
Field Redefinitions, T-duality and Solutions in Closed String Field Theories
We investigate classical solutions in closed bosonic string field theory and
heterotic string field theory that are obtained order by order starting from
solutions of the linearized equations of motion, and we discuss the ``field
redefinitions'' which relate massless fields in the string field theory side
and the low energy effective theory side. Massless components of the string
field theory solutions are not corrected and from them we can infer
corresponding solutions in the effective theory: the chiral null model and the
pp-wave solution with B-field, which have been known to be alpha'-exact. These
two sets of solutions in the two sides look slightly different because of the
field redefinitions. It turns out that T-duality is a useful tool to determine
them: We show that some part of the field redefinitions can be determined by
using the correspondence between T-duality rules in the two sides, irrespective
of the detail of the interaction terms and the integrating-out procedure.
Applying the field redefinitions, we see that the solutions in the effective
theory side are reproduced from the string field theory solutions.Comment: LaTeX, 40 pages, no figure v2: minor corrections v3: minor correctio
Fractional quantum Hall effect at : Ground states, non-Abelian quasiholes, and edge modes in a microscopic model
We present a comprehensive numerical study of a microscopic model of the
fractional quantum Hall system at filling fraction , based on the
disc geometry. Our model includes Coulomb interaction and a semi-realistic
confining potential. We also mix in some three-body interaction in some cases
to help elucidate the physics. We obtain a phase diagram, discuss the
conditions under which the ground state can be described by the Moore-Read
state, and study its competition with neighboring stripe phases. We also study
quasihole excitations and edge excitations in the Moore-Read--like state. From
the evolution of edge spectrum, we obtain the velocities of the charge and
neutral edge modes, which turn out to be very different. This separation of
velocities is a source of decoherence for a non-Abelian quasihole/quasiparticle
(with charge ) when propagating at the edge; using numbers obtained
from a specific set of parameters we estimate the decoherence length to be
around four microns. This sets an upper bound for the separation of the two
point contacts in a double point contact interferometer, designed to detect the
non-Abelian nature of such quasiparticles. We also find a state that is a
potential candidate for the recently proposed anti-Pfaffian state. We find the
speculated anti-Pfaffian state is favored in weak confinement (smooth edge)
while the Moore-Read Pfaffian state is favored in strong confinement (sharp
edge).Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures; Estimate of e/4 quasiparticle/hole coherence
length when propagating along the edge modified in response to a recent
revision of Ref. 25, and minor changes elsewher
Comments on Baryon Melting in Quark Gluon Plasma with Gluon Condensation
We consider a black hole solution with a non-trivial dilaton from IIB super
gravity which is expected to describe a strongly coupled hot gauge plasma with
non-vanishing gluon condensation present. We construct a rotating and moving
baryon to probe the screening and phases of the plasma. Melting of the baryons
in hot plasma in this background had been studied previously, however, we show
that baryons melt much lower temperature than has been suggested previously.Comment: 3 figures, 12 page
Half metallic digital ferromagnetic heterostructure composed of a -doped layer of Mn in Si
We propose and investigate the properties of a digital ferromagnetic
heterostructure (DFH) consisting of a -doped layer of Mn in Si, using
\textit{ab initio} electronic-structure methods. We find that (i) ferromagnetic
order of the Mn layer is energetically favorable relative to antiferromagnetic,
and (ii) the heterostructure is a two-dimensional half metallic system. The
metallic behavior is contributed by three majority-spin bands originating from
hybridized Mn- and nearest-neighbor Si- states, and the corresponding
carriers are responsible for the ferromagnetic order in the Mn layer. The
minority-spin channel has a calculated semiconducting gap of 0.25 eV. Analysis
of the total and partial densities of states, band structure, Fermi surfaces
and associated charge density reveals the marked two-dimensional nature of the
half metallicity. The band lineup is found to be favorable for retaining the
half metal character to near the Curie temperature (). Being Si based
and possibly having a high as suggested by an experiment on dilutely
doped Mn in Si, the heterostructure may be of special interest for integration
into mature Si technologies for spintronic applications.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, Revised version, to appear in Phys. Rev. Let
Towards A Background Independent Quantum Gravity
We recapitulate the scheme of emergent gravity to highlight how a background
independent quantum gravity can be defined by quantizing spacetime itself.Comment: 25 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of 7th International Conference
"Quantum Theory and Symmetries" (QTS-7) in Prague, Czech Republic, August,
201
- …