Palladium-catalyzed difluoromethylation of heteroaryl chlorides, bromides and iodides.

A palladium-catalyzed difluoromethylation of a series of heteroaryl chlorides, bromides and iodides under mild conditions is described. A wide range of heteroaryl halides such as pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazyl, funanyl, thienyl, pyazolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, and oxazolyl halides were efficiently difluoromethylated, thus providing medicinal chemists an alternative choice for the preparation of drug candidates with the difluoromethylated heteroarene unit

Analysis and Design of Shaxian Snack Catering Management Information System

This paper first expounds the background, purpose and significance of the research on Shaxian snack catering system. Moreover?the daily business process and data flow of Shaxian snacks are analyzed in various aspects to improve the design thought. Combined with functional analysis, background code and pages can be made easily. Finally, the system is tested and the system logic is found. The actual data are used for data statistics, and the last step is modifying and improving. Then the interface of the catering system was made and the design of the catering system was implemented and developed. Finally, the completed restaurant system was tested, the system was tested for deficiencies, and the missing places were modified

Site application of alkali-activated slag concrete in a Chinese building

Kai Yang and Muhammed Basheer of the University of Leeds, Changhui Yang of Chongqing University, China, Jingjie Zhang and ©ɐȁ§Ɗȁ of Chongqing Construction Science Research Institute, China and Yun Bai of University College London report on the first cast-in-situ structural application of alkali-activated slag concrete in a building in China. Attention was given to quality control of raw materials and concrete, construction procedure and assessment of both the consistence and strength. This project has demonstrated that the quality and cost involved could be controlled with a detailed working plan. It has also been found that the alkali-activated slag concrete has the potential to be used in cold-weather construction, as the ambient temperature during the construction of the demonstration building was quite low, sometimes below 5°C

Atherogenic index of plasma: a new indicator for assessing the short-term mortality of patients with acute decompensated heart failure

ObjectiveArteriosclerosis is a primary causative factor in cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to explore the correlation between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and the 30-day mortality rate in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).MethodsA total of 1,248 ADHF patients recruited from the Jiangxi-Acute Decompensated Heart Failure1 (JX-ADHF1) cohort between 2019 and 2022 were selected for this study. The primary outcome was the 30-day mortality rate. Multivariable Cox regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS), and stratified analyses were utilized to assess the relationship between AIP and the 30-day mortality rate in ADHF patients. Mediation models were employed for exploratory analysis of the roles of inflammation, oxidative stress, and nutrition in the association between AIP and the 30-day mortality rate in ADHF patients.ResultsDuring the 30-day follow-up, 42 (3.37%) of the ADHF patients died. The mortality rates corresponding to the quartiles of AIP were as follows: Q1: 1.28%, Q2: 2.88%, Q3: 2.88%, Q4: 6.41%. The multivariable Cox regression revealed a positive correlation between high AIP and the 30-day mortality rate in ADHF patients [Hazard ratio (HR) 3.94, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08–14.28], independent of age, gender, heart failure type, cardiac function classification, and comorbidities. It is important to note that there was a U-shaped curve association between AIP (<0.24) and the 30-day mortality rate before the fourth quartile, with the lowest 30-day mortality risk in ADHF patients around an AIP of -0.1. Furthermore, mediation analysis suggested significant mediating effects of inflammation and nutrition on the 30-day mortality rate in ADHF patients related to AIP, with inflammation accounting for approximately 24.29% and nutrition for about 8.16% of the mediation effect.ConclusionThis retrospective cohort analysis reveals for the first time the association between AIP and the 30-day mortality rate in ADHF patients. According to our findings, maintaining an AIP around -0.1 in ADHF patients could be crucial for improving poor prognoses from a medical perspective. Additionally, for ADHF patients with high AIP, it is important to assess and, if necessary, enhance nutritional support and anti-inflammatory treatment

Alanine aminotransferase to high- density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio is positively correlated with the occurrence of diabetes in the Chinese population: a population-based cohort study

ObjectiveBoth alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are closely related to glucose homeostasis in the body, and the main objective of this study was to investigate the association between ALT to HDL-C ratio (ALT/HDL-C ratio) and the risk of diabetes in a Chinese population.MethodsThe current study included 116,251 participants who underwent a healthy physical examination, and the study endpoint was defined as a diagnosis of new-onset diabetes. Multivariate Cox regression models and receiver operator characteristic curves were used to assess the association of the ALT/HDL-C ratio with diabetes onset.ResultsDuring the average observation period of 3.10 years, a total of 2,674 (2.3%) participants were diagnosed with new-onset diabetes, including 1,883 (1.62%) males and 791 (0.68%) females. After fully adjusting for confounding factors, we found a significant positive association between the ALT/HDL-C ratio and the risk of diabetes [Hazard ratios 1.06, 95% confidence intervals: 1.05, 1.06], and this association was significantly higher in males, obese individuals [body mass index ≥ 28 kg/m2] and individuals aged < 60 years (All P interaction < 0.05). In addition, the ALT/HDL-C ratio was significantly better than its components ALT and HDL-C in predicting diabetes in the Chinese population.ConclusionThere was a positive relationship between ALT/HDL-C ratio and diabetes risk in the Chinese population, and this relationship was significantly stronger in males, obese individuals, and individuals younger than 60 years old