Agglomeration of <i>R&D</i> personnel (<i>RDP</i>) (2001–2013).

<p>Agglomeration of <i>R&D</i> personnel (<i>RDP</i>) (2001–2013).</p

Concentration of <i>R&D</i> investment (<i>RDM</i>).

<p>Concentration of <i>R&D</i> investment (<i>RDM</i>).</p

Classification and Codes for industrial sectors.

<p>Classification and Codes for industrial sectors.</p

Agglomeration of <i>R&D</i> investment (<i>RDM</i>) (2001–2013).

<p>Agglomeration of <i>R&D</i> investment (<i>RDM</i>) (2001–2013).</p

Industrial innovation performance.

<p>Industrial innovation performance.</p

Concentration of <i>R&D</i> personnel (<i>RDP</i>).

<p>Concentration of <i>R&D</i> personnel (<i>RDP</i>).</p

Hyperspectral magnetite grade based on characteristic band screening inversion study

In order to clarify the relationship between magnetite grade and reflectance spectra, spectral testing of different grades of magnetite was carried out to analyze the effect of iron grade on the reflectance spectra of specimens. The results show that the fluctuation trends of the spectral curves of different grades of magnetite are slightly different. By screening the characteristic bands of magnetite grade, it was found that the characteristic bands of different grades of magnetite are mainly distributed in the range of 350-1000 nm and 1800-2500 nm. Then based on the relationship between magnetite grade and reflectance spectra, two inversion models of magnetite grade, PLSR and MLSR, were established. By comparing and analyzing the inversion models of magnetite grade established by PLSR and MLSR, it was found that the inversion accuracy based on the PLSR model was better than that of the MLSR model, in which the and the RMSE of validation set of the best model was respectively 0.9982 and 0.95%

MOESM1 of Experimental and visual research on the microbial induced carbonate precipitation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Additional file 1. Nontoxic and biomineralization contrast experiment

Unveiling Two Electron-Transport Modes in Oxygen-Deficient TiO₂ Nanowires and Their Influence on Photoelectrochemical Operation

Introducing oxygen vacancies (V_O) into TiO₂ materials is one of the most promising ways to significantly enhance light-harvesting and photocatalytic efficiencies of photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells for water splitting among others. However, the nature of electron transport in V_O-TiO₂ nanostructures is not well understood, especially in an operating device. In this work, we use the intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy technique to study the electron-transport property of V_O-TiO₂ nanowires (NWs). It is found that the electron transport in pristine TiO₂ NWs displays a single trap-limited mode, whereas two electron-transport modes were detected in V_O-TiO₂ NWs, a trap-free transport mode at the core, and a trap-limited transport mode near the surface. The considerably higher diffusion coefficient (<i>D</i>_n) of the trap-free transport mode grants a more rapid electron flow in V_O-TiO₂ NWs than that in pristine TiO₂ NWs. This electron-transport feature is expected to be common in other oxygen-deficient metal oxides, lending a general strategy for promoting the PEC device performance

Facile Preparation of a Self-Adhesive Conductive Hydrogel with Long-Term Usability

Although conductive hydrogels (CHs) have been investigated as the wearable sensor in recent years, how to prepare the multifunctional CHs with long-term usability is still a big challenge. In this paper, we successfully prepared a kind of conductive and self-adhesive hydrogel with a simple method, and its excellent ductility makes it possible as a flexible strain sensor for intelligent monitoring. The CHs are constructed by poly­(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), polydopamine (PDA), and phytic acid (PA) through the freeze–thaw cycle method. The introduction of PA enhanced the intermolecular force with PVA and provided much H+ for augmented conductivity, while the catechol group on PDA endows the hydrogel with self-adhesion ability. The PVA/PA/PDA hydrogel can directly contact with the skin and adhere to it stably, which makes the hydrogel potentially a wearable strain sensor. The PVA/PA/PDA hydrogel can monitor human motion signals (including fingers, elbows, knees, etc.) in real-time and can accurately monitor tiny electrical signals for smile and handwriting recognition. Notably, the composite CHs can be used in a normal environment even after 4 months. Because of its excellent ductility, self-adhesiveness, and conductivity, the PVA/PA/PDA hydrogel provides a new idea for wearable bioelectronic sensors