Pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole injection in peptic ulcer and healthy volunteers

The pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole after a single intravenous dose of 30 mg was determined in 10 healthy volunteers and 10 peptic ulcers patients. In this work, a liquid-liquid extraction and enrichment method with RP-HPLC determination route was taken with high sensitivity and low limit detection of 5 ng/mL. The concentration-time curves in the two groups were best fitted to a two-compartment model, but their main kinetic parameters were remarkably different between healthy and ulcers volunteers. The mean maximum plasma concentration (Cmax ) and area under the curve (AUC0t ) were increased from 975.8 ng/mL to 1298.7 ng/mL and from 1439 ng·h/mL to 2301 ng·h/mL, respectively, and peak time (tmax ) decreased from 0.36 h to 0.26 h. Meanwhile, the half life (t1/2 ) prolonged from 2.25 h to 2.91 h and the clearance (CL) reduced from 20.04 L/h to 13.96 L/h. That variability of lansoprazole pharmakinetic parameter indicates that ulcers have significant effect on its metabolic process.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Photopolymerized maleilated chitosan/methacrylated silk fibroin micro/nanocomposite hydrogels as potential scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering

Hydrogels composed of natural materials exhibit great application potential in artificial scaffolds for cartilage repair as they can resemble the extracellular matrices of cartilage tissues comprised of various glycosaminoglycan and collagen. Herein, the natural polymers with vinyl groups, i.e. maleilated chitosan (MCS) and methacrylated silk fibroin (MSF) micro/nanoparticles, were firstly synthesized. The chemical structures of MCS and MSF micro/nanoparticles were investigated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Then MCS/MSF micro/nanocomposite hydrogels were prepared by the photocrosslinking of MCS and MSF micro/nanoparticles in aqueous solutions in the presence of the photoinitiator Darocur 2959 under UV light irradiation. A series of properties of the MCS/MSF micro/nanocomposite hydrogels including rheological property, equilibrium swelling, sol content, compressive modulus, and morphology were examined. The results showed that these behaviors could be tunable via the control of MSF content. When the MSF content was 0.1%, the hydrogel had the compressive modulus of 0.32±0.07MPa, which was in the range of that of articular cartilage. The in vitro cytotoxic evaluation and cell culture of the micro/nanocomposite hydrogels in combination with mouse articular chondrocytes were also investigated. The results demonstrated that the micro/nanocomposite hydrogels with TGF-β1 was biocompatible to mouse articular chondrocytes and could support cells attachment well, indicating their potential as tissue engineering scaffolds for cartilage repair.This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51203123, 51403165, 51503161) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2016YFA0101102)

Simultaneous quantification of nine flavonoids in Ginkgo biloba extract tablets by HPLC-DAD

A new HPLC-DAD method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous analysis of nine flavonoids (rutin, myricetin, quercitrin, quercetin, luteolin, genistein, kaempferol, apigenin, and isorhamnetin) in Ginkgo biloba tablets. The analytes were separated on a kromasil C18 column and recorded at 254 nm. The greatest resolution was achieved with methanol-0.1 % formic acid gradient at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min-1 For all the analytes, the correlation coefficients for all the calibration plots (R2<0.999) showed good linearity over the range tested. The method was validated for repeatability, precision, stability, accuracy, selectivity, and robustness. The validated method has been successfully applied to simultaneous analysis of these active components in Ginkgo biloba tablets from different manufacturers.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Comparative study on the pharmacokinetic of lansoprazole in gastric ulcer and normal rabbits by HPLC-DAD

Gastric ulcer is one of ulcerous diseases and may result in some changes of many enzymes and transporters concerned with metabolism and disposal of drug. The pharmacokinetic of drug should be different between peptic ulcer and normal animals. Lansoprazole has been one of important medicine for treatment of ulcerous diseases. So, this paper investigated the difference of pharmacokinetic profiles of lansoprazole in gastric ulcer and normal rabbits in vivo by HPLC-DAD method. In this work, a liquid-liquid extraction and enrichment method with RP-HPLC determination route was taken. The pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by double-compartmental method (DAS2.0). The pharmacokinetic parameters of lansoprazole in normal and ulcer rabbits were as follows: (614.42 ± 152.25) and (875.73 ± 316.34) mg h/L for AUC(0-6.5); (0.68 ± 0.12) and (0.83 ± 0.22) h for MRT(0-6.5), (0.52 ± 0.23) and (0.87 ± 0.42) h for t1/2 ; (6.13 ± 2.11) and (2.54 ± 1.65) L/h/kg for CL, respectivelyGastric ulcer is one of ulcerous diseases and may result in some changes of many enzymes and transporters concerned with metabolism and disposal of drug. The pharmacokinetic of drug should be different between peptic ulcer and normal animals. Lansoprazole has been one of important medicine for treatment of ulcerous diseases. So, this paper investigated the difference of pharmacokinetic profiles of lansoprazole in gastric ulcer and normal rabbits in vivo by HPLC-DAD method. In this work, a liquid-liquid extraction and enrichment method with RP-HPLC determination route was taken. The pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by double-compartmental method (DAS2.0). The pharmacokinetic parameters of lansoprazole in normal and ulcer rabbits were as follows: (614.42 ± 152.25) and (875.73 ± 316.34) mg h/L for AUC(0-6.5); (0.68 ± 0.12) and (0.83 ± 0.22) h for MRT(0-6.5 , (0.52 ± 0.23) and (0.87 ± 0.42) h for t1/2 ; (6.13 ± 2.11) and (2.54 ± 1.65) L/h/kg for CL, respectivelyColegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Gradient HPLC-DAD determination and pharmacokinetic study of Ginkgo biloba extract in rabbits

HPLC-DAD was used and validated for the simultaneous determination of five flavonoids (rutin, quercitrin, quercetin, kaempferol and isorahamnetin) in rabbit plasma. Chromatographic separation was performed on an Aglient Zorbax SB-C18 column (5 μm particle size, 250 mm × 4 . 6 mm i.d.) maintained at 35 ºC. The mobile phase was a mixture of methanol and 0.1 % formic acid water solution with a step linear gradient. At 1.0 ml/min flow rate, the eluent of five flavonoids were detected simultaneously at 350 nm with good separation. For all the analytes, the correlation coefficients for all the calibration plots (r > 0.999) showed good linearity over the range tested. The method was validated for precision, stability, accuracy, and selectivity. The validated method has been successfully applied to determine drug concentrations in plasma samples from rabbit that had been intravenously administrated Ginkgo biloba extract. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of rutin, quercitrin, quercetin, kaempferol and isorahamnetin in rabbit after intravenously administration of 80 mg/kg EGb were as follows, t1/2: (2.134 ± 0.594), (3.408 ± 0.917), (1.919 ± 0.62), (1.171 ± 0.261), (1.829 ± 1.756) h; AUC0-∞: (3.661 ± 0.518), (1.584 ± 0.17), (9.951 ± 1.253), (1.002 ± 0.164), (0.373 ± 0.037) μg·h·L-1 ; MRT(0-t): (0.929 ± 0.132), (1.256 ± 0.038), (1.174 ± 0.065), (0.989 ± 0.099), (1.041 ± 0.117) h; Cl: (5.559 ± 0.814), (12.743 ± 1.304), (2.034 ± 0.224), (20.382 ± 3.165), (54.068 ± 5.474) L/h·kg.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Plasma Exosomal Long Non-Coding RNAs Serve as Biomarkers for Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer

Background/Aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Thus, methods for early diagnosis of CRC are urgently needed. We aimed to identify potential long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in circulatory exosomes that may serve as biomarkers for the detection of early-stage CRC. Methods: Exosomes from the plasma of CRC patients (n = 50) and healthy individuals (n = 50) were isolated by ultracentrifugation, followed by extraction of total exosomal RNAs using TRIzol reagent. Microarray analysis was used for exosomal lncRNA profiling in the two groups, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to determine the expression level of lncRNAs in all patients and healthy subjects. Results: The expression of six lncRNAs (LNCV6_116109, LNCV6_98390, LNCV6_38772, LNCV_108266, LNCV6_84003, and LNCV6_98602) was found to be significantly up-regulated in CRC patients compared with that in healthy individuals by qRT-PCR. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to verify their diagnostic accuracy. The values of the area under the curve for these lncRNAs were 0.770 (LNCV6_116109), 0.7500 (LNCV6_98390), 0.6500 (LNCV6_38772), 0.6900 (LNCV_108266), 0.7500 (LNCV6_84003), and 0.7200 (LNCV6_98602). Conclusion: Our study suggested that the expression of these six exosomal lncRNAs (LNCV6_116109, LNCV6_98390, LNCV6_38772, LNCV_108266, LNCV6_84003, and LNCV6_98602) was significantly up-regulated in the plasma of CRC patients, and that they may serve as potential non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis of CRC

Reply to: Mobility overestimation in MoS2_2 transistors due to invasive voltage probes

In this reply, we include new experimental results and verify that the observed non-linearity in rippled-MoS$_2$ (leading to mobility kink) is an intrinsic property of a disordered system, rather than contact effects (invasive probes) or other device issues. Noting that Peng Wu's hypothesis is based on a highly ordered ideal system, transfer curves are expected to be linear, and the carrier density is assumed be constant. Wu's model is therefore oversimplified for disordered systems and neglects carrier-density dependent scattering physics. Thus, it is fundamentally incompatible with our rippled-MoS$_2$, and leads to the wrong conclusion

Case Report: Early diagnosis of lethal multiple pterygium syndrome with micrognathia: Two novel mutations in the CHRND gene

Lethal multiple pterygium syndrome (LMPS) is a rare disease with genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity and is inherited in an autosomal recessive (AR) pattern. Here, we have presented clinically significant results describing two novel mutations of CHRND gene: NM_000751.2: c.1006C&gt;T p.(Arg336Ter) and NM_000751.2:c.973_975delGTG p.(Val325del), and measurement of the facial angle for determining micrognathia by prenatal diagnosis in the first trimester of pregnancy for a Lethal multiple pterygium syndrome case. In conclusion, this report complements the spectrum of genetic variants and phenotype of Lethal multiple pterygium syndrome and provides reliable recommendation for the counseling of future pregnancies in families with the disease