Heat Transfer of Helix Energy Pile: Part 2—Novel Truncated Cone Helix Energy Pile

Owing to the fact that severe thermal interferences exist in the radial and generatrix directions of the traditional cylinder helix energy pile due to the limited thermal heat capacity of the pile and small ratio between coil pitch and radius of pile, therefore, a novel truncated cone helix energy pile (CoHEP) is presented to weaken the thermal interferences and improve the heat transfer efficiency. Further, both the analytical solution model and numerical solution model for CoHEP are built to discuss the dynamic characteristics of thermal interferences and heat transfer performance. The results indicate that the thermal interference of CoHEP is dynamic. The thermal interference in the upper part of the CoHEP is much smaller than the traditional CyHEP. And in general the heat flux per unit pipe length of the novel CoHEP is larger than that of the traditional CyHEP. Heat flux per unit pipe length of the CoHEP increases linearly with inlet water temperature. For the same inlet water temperature, the thermal short circuit is serious at the bottom of the CoHEP, and it’s weak in the upper part of CoHEP. Also it’s obvious that as the inlet water temperature increases, the thermal short circuit becomes more serious

Heat Transfer of Helix Energy Pile: Part 1: Traditional Cylinder Helix Energy Pile

Helix energy pile (HEP) is a new popular ground heat exchanger that has the advantages of large heat exchange rate and low initial cost. As for the traditional helix energy pile, the tube is wound on the cylindrical wall, which is called the cylinder helix energy pile (CyHEP). Further, both analytical solution model and numerical solution model for CyHEP are built to discuss the dynamic characteristics of thermal interferences and heat transfer performance. The results indicate that four heat exchange stages for the spiral pile geothermal heat exchanger along the fluid flow direction are revealed: inlet heat exchange stage, grout thermal short-circuiting stage, small temperature difference stage and outlet heat exchange stage. Each stage has corresponding heat transfer characteristics, and reducing the length of small temperature difference stage and increasing the other stages would enhance the heat exchange of spiral geothermal ground heat exchanger. As the pile diameter increases, the heat transfer per unit tube length decreases, and the heat exchange per unit pile depth increases. As the pile depth increases, the heat transfer per unit tube length and the heat exchange per unit pile depth are reduced. And as the pitch increases, the heat transfer per unit tube length increases, and the heat exchange per unit pile depth decreases

Simultaneous Resonant and Broadband Detection for Dark Sectors

Electromagnetic resonant systems, such as cavities or LC circuits, have emerged as powerful detectors for probing ultralight boson dark matter and high-frequency gravitational waves. However, the limited resonant bandwidth of conventional single-mode resonators, imposed by quantum fluctuations, necessitates numerous scan steps to cover broad unexplored frequency regions. The incorporation of multiple auxiliary modes can realize a broadband detector while maintaining a substantial signal response. The broadened sensitive width can be on the same order as the resonant frequency, encompassing several orders of the source frequency for heterodyne detection, where a background cavity mode transitions into another. Consequently, our approach enables significantly deeper exploration of the parameter space within the same integration time compared to single-mode detection.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figure

Open-TransMind: A New Baseline and Benchmark for 1st Foundation Model Challenge of Intelligent Transportation

With the continuous improvement of computing power and deep learning algorithms in recent years, the foundation model has grown in popularity. Because of its powerful capabilities and excellent performance, this technology is being adopted and applied by an increasing number of industries. In the intelligent transportation industry, artificial intelligence faces the following typical challenges: few shots, poor generalization, and a lack of multi-modal techniques. Foundation model technology can significantly alleviate the aforementioned issues. To address these, we designed the 1st Foundation Model Challenge, with the goal of increasing the popularity of foundation model technology in traffic scenarios and promoting the rapid development of the intelligent transportation industry. The challenge is divided into two tracks: all-in-one and cross-modal image retrieval. Furthermore, we provide a new baseline and benchmark for the two tracks, called Open-TransMind. According to our knowledge, Open-TransMind is the first open-source transportation foundation model with multi-task and multi-modal capabilities. Simultaneously, Open-TransMind can achieve state-of-the-art performance on detection, classification, and segmentation datasets of traffic scenarios. Our source code is available at https://github.com/Traffic-X/Open-TransMind

The trend of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage and the predictive value of short-term postoperative prognosis in patients

BackgroundNeutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) play an important role in the inflammatory response in various diseases, but the role in the course of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is unclear.MethodsThis study retrospectively collected baseline characteristics and laboratory findings, including NLR and PLR at different time points, from spontaneous ICH patients undergoing surgery between January 2016 and June 2021. Patients were scored using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) to evaluate their functional status at 30 days post-operation. Patients with mRS score ≥3 were defined as poor functional status, and mRS score <3 was defined as good functional status. The NLR and PLR were calculated at admission, 48 h after surgery and 3–7 days after surgery, respectively, and their trends were observed by connecting the NLR and PLR at different time points. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of ICH patients at 30 days after surgery.ResultsA total of 101 patients were included in this study, and 59 patients had a poor outcome at 30 days after surgery. NLR and PLR gradually increased and then decreased, peaking at 48 h after surgery. Univariate analysis demonstrated that admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, interval from onset to admission, hematoma location, NLR within 48 h after surgery and PLR within 48 h after surgery were associated with poor 30-day prognosis. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, NLR within 48 h after surgery (OR, 1.147; 95% CI, 1.005, 1.308; P, 0.042) was an independent risk factor for 30-day after surgery prognosis in spontaneous ICH patients.ConclusionIn the course of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, NLR and PLR initially increased and subsequently decreased, reaching their peak values at 48 h after surgery. High NLR within 48 h after surgery was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis 30 days after surgery in spontaneous ICH patients

A nomogram based on CT intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features preoperatively predicts poorly differentiated invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma manifesting as subsolid or solid lesions: a double-center study

BackgroundThe novel International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) grading system suggests that poorly differentiated invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma (IPA) has a worse prognosis. Therefore, prediction of poorly differentiated IPA before treatment can provide an essential reference for therapeutic modality and personalized follow-up strategy. This study intended to train a nomogram based on CT intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features combined with clinical semantic features, which predicted poorly differentiated IPA and was tested in independent data cohorts regarding models’ generalization ability.MethodsWe retrospectively recruited 480 patients with IPA appearing as subsolid or solid lesions, confirmed by surgical pathology from two medical centers and collected their CT images and clinical information. Patients from the first center (n =363) were randomly assigned to the development cohort (n = 254) and internal testing cohort (n = 109) in a 7:3 ratio; patients (n = 117) from the second center served as the external testing cohort. Feature selection was performed by univariate analysis, multivariate analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, minimum redundancy maximum relevance, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the model performance.ResultsThe AUCs of the combined model based on intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics signatures in internal testing cohort and external testing cohort were 0.906 and 0.886, respectively. The AUCs of the nomogram that integrated clinical semantic features and combined radiomics signatures in internal testing cohort and external testing cohort were 0.921 and 0.887, respectively. The Delong test showed that the AUCs of the nomogram were significantly higher than that of the clinical semantic model in both the internal testing cohort(0.921 vs 0.789, p< 0.05) and external testing cohort(0.887 vs 0.829, p< 0.05).ConclusionThe nomogram based on CT intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics signatures with clinical semantic features has the potential to predict poorly differentiated IPA manifesting as subsolid or solid lesions preoperatively

High-Efficiency Power Optimization Based on Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface for Nonlinear SWIPT System

This paper presents an investigation of the transmitting power consumption of a base station (BS) in a simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) system enhanced by a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). The aim is to optimize the total transmitting power consumption when sending information signals and energy from the BS to ground sensors. To this end, the transmitting power consumption of the BS is optimized by satisfying the sensor’s minimum signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), the phase shift constraints of the RIS, and each sensor’s power-splitting (PS) ratio. In order to decouple the optimization variables, we use the technique of block coordinate descent (BCD) to transform the total problem into subproblems. In the second subproblem, the unit modulus constraints are approximated using the successive convex approximation (SCA) method, allowing the optimal solutions to be obtained by solving subproblems in an iterative manner. Our numerical simulation results show that transmitting power consumption can be significantly decreased by adding RIS to an SPWIT system, even in nonlinear harvest models of real application scenarios