Early-stage effect of HIBD on neuro-motor function and organic composition of neurovascular units in neonatal rats

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effects of neonatal hypoxic–ischemic brain damage (HIBD) on early-stage neuro-motor function, cerebral blood flow, and the neurovascular unit.MethodsTwenty-four Sprague–Dawley newborn rats aged 7 days were obtained and randomly assigned to either the sham or the model group using a random number table. The HIBD model was established using the Rice-Vannucci method. After the induction of HIBD, the body weight of the rats was measured and their neuro-motor function was assessed. Further, cerebral blood flow perfusion was evaluated using laser speckle flow imaging, and immunofluorescent staining techniques were employed for examining the activation of specific markers and their morphological changes in different cell populations, which included vascular endothelial cells, neurons, astrocytes, and microglia within the motor cortex.ResultsAfter HIBD, the model group exhibited impaired neuro-motor function and growth. Cerebral blood flow perfusion decreased in both the hemispheres on day 1 and in the ipsilateral brain on day 4. However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups on day 7. Moreover, the CD31 and NeuN showed a sharp decline on day 1, which was followed by a gradual increase in the expression levels. The activated microglia and astrocytes formed clusters in the injured cortex. Notably, the regions with positive staining for Arg-1, Iba-1, CD68, and GFAP consistently displayed higher values in the model group as compared to that in the sham group. The total number of branch endpoints and microglia branches was higher in the model group than in the sham group. Immunofluorescent co-localization analysis revealed no co-staining between Iba-1 and Arg-1; however, the Pearson’s R-value for the co-localization of Iba-1 and CD68 was higher in the model group, which indicated an increasing trend of co-staining in the model group.ConclusionEarly-stage neuro-motor function, cerebral blood flow, microvasculature, and neurons in neonatal rats exhibited a trend of gradual recovery over time. The activation and upregulation of neuroglial cells continued persistently after HIBD. Furthermore, the impact of HIBD on early-stage neuro-motor function in newborn rats did not synchronize with the activation of neuroglial cells. The recovery of neuro-motor function, microvasculature, and neurons occurred earlier than that of neuroglial cells

Global patterns of woody residence time and its influence on model simulation of aboveground biomass

Woody residence time (τw) is an important parameter that expresses the balance between mature forest recruitment/growth and mortality. Using field data collected from the literature, this study explored the global forest τw and investigated its influence on model simulations of aboveground biomass (AGB) at a global scale. Specifically, τw was found to be related to forest age, annual temperature, and precipitation at a global scale, but its determinants were different among various plant function types. The estimated global forest τw based on the filed data showed large spatial heterogeneity, which plays an important role in model simulation of AGB by a dynamic global vegetation model (DGVM). The τw could change the resulting AGB in tenfold based on a site-level test using the Monte Carlo method. At the global level, different parameterization schemes of the Integrated Biosphere Simulator using the estimated τw resulted in a twofold change in the AGB simulation for 2100. Our results highlight the influences of various biotic and abiotic variables on forest τw. The estimation of τw in our study may help improve the model simulations and reduce the parameter\u27s uncertainty over the projection of future AGB in the current DGVM or Earth System Models. A clearer understanding of the responses of τw to climate change and the corresponding sophisticated description of forest growth/mortality in model structure is also needed for the improvement of carbon stock prediction in future studies

Transgene Expression Is Associated with Copy Number and Cytomegalovirus Promoter Methylation in Transgenic Pigs

Transgenic animals have been used for years to study gene function, produce important proteins, and generate models for the study of human diseases. However, inheritance and expression instability of the transgene in transgenic animals is a major limitation. Copy number and promoter methylation are known to regulate gene expression, but no report has systematically examined their effect on transgene expression. In the study, we generated two transgenic pigs by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) that express green fluorescent protein (GFP) driven by cytomegalovirus (CMV). Absolute quantitative real-time PCR and bisulfite sequencing were performed to determine transgene copy number and promoter methylation level. The correlation of transgene expression with copy number and promoter methylation was analyzed in individual development, fibroblast cells, various tissues, and offspring of the transgenic pigs. Our results demonstrate that transgene expression is associated with copy number and CMV promoter methylation in transgenic pigs

Particle size distribution of metallic iron during coal-based reduction of an oolitic iron ore

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of reduction temperature, reduction time and binary basicity on the size of metallic iron particles in coal-based reduction products of an oolitic iron ore. The particle size distribution behavior (i.e., cumulative passing percentage and mean size of metallic iron particles) during reduction was investigated in detail. Results showed that the particle size distribution of metallic iron particles was strongly influenced by reduction temperature, reduction time and binary basicity. The cumulative passing percentage and mean size significantly increased with reduction temperature and time in the entire range of the experiments. All curves of cumulative passing percentage versus particle size under different conditions demonstrated a similar trend (continuous increase). The size distribution parameters and mean size slightly increased with increasing binary basicity and significantly decreased when the binary basicity exceeded 1.0. The size of metallic iron particles could be controlled by adjusting the reduction conditions during coal-based reduction

21 cases reports on haemangioma of spleen

The growing activity of hemangioma of spleen keeps unknown. To search theoretical basis for whether to take the operation, this study analyzed clinical data of 21 hemangioma patients, and 16 surgical specimens were analyzed immunohistochemistry of Ki-67, Bcl-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Both 14 cases of cavernous hemangioma were positive for VEGF, and negative in capillary hemangioma, there was statistical significant difference between two types of hemangioma (P < 0.05). The most tumors had a low expression of Ki-67 with a mean ± standard deviation (SD) of 6.62 ± 6.24%, whereas the mean ± SD of Bcl-2 labeling index was 36.06 ± 19.05%. According to the statistical results, the expression of Ki-67 and Bcl-2 did not correlate with age, gender, tumor size, amount of tumor and angiomatous types. Hemangioma of spleen was one benign tumor with a tendency of slow growth. Therefore, operation should be strictly selected, we recommend observation of patients with small, asymptomatic splenic lesions, which meet the radiologic criteria for hemangiomas

A new purification method for 2-mercaptobenzothiazole and its application as vulcanization accelerator

In this work, a new purification method for 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) and its application as a vulcanization accelerator was reported, and the properties of MBT samples were comprehensively investigated. According to the chemical equation of this purified reaction, the byproduct of the CO _2 method was easy to treat. Results showed that the melting point and yield of experimental CAMBT samples were increased to 173.6 °C and 93.11%, respectively. The chemical structure and crystal absorption peak of all MBT samples were also measured by the FTIR and XRD analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to study the residue of resin in MBT samples. Element content confirmed the existence of C, N, H, and S elements, and there were no other elements in the products. What is more important, the mechanical properties of experimental CDMBT@NR and SAMBT@NR samples were better than that of UMBT@NR. Thus, this paper offers a new purification method for MBT and investigates its application as a vulcanization accelerator

Soil Microbial Communities in Desert Grassland around Rare Earth Mine: Diversity, Variation, and Response Patterns

Bayan Obo mine is so far the world’s largest rare earth mine. Critical concerns arise as (1) whether there is an accumulation of exogenous rare earth elements (REE) in the desert steppe on the periphery of the mine and (2) how the exogenous rare earth accumulation affects the soil microbial communities nearby. In this study, nine sample sites were set up according to their distance gradients from the mine. Illumina high-throughput sequencing targeting 16S rRNA genes were conducted. The results show that the accumulation of exogenous rare earth in the desert at the periphery of the Bayan Obo mine vary at distance gradients. Fortunately, no significant effects on the physicochemical properties of the soil were found. However, the composition of the soil microbial community changed significantly in response to the variation in distance gradient. Highly abundant microbial genera YC-ZSS-LKJ147, Subgroup_10, and Sphingomonas were positively correlated with REE, whereas Pseudomonas is negative correlated. Total phosphorus (TP) was attributed to 5.95% of the variation in microbial communities, followed by light rare earth elements (LREE, 5.39%). The study provides evidence for the ecological risks posed to soil ecosystems by the long-term accumulation of exogenous REE in the Bayan Obo mine

Surface Plasmon Effect Dominated High-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Traditional Chinese Medicine Acupuncture

Available, effectively converting low-frequency vibration into available electricity, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is always research hot nowadays. However, the enhancing effect of the existing methods for the output have all sorts of drawbacks, i.e., low efficiency and unstable, and its practical applications still need to be further explored. Here, leveraging core-shell nanoparticles Ag@SiO2 doping into tribo-materials generates the surface plasmon effect to boost the output performance of the TENG. On one hand, the shell alleviated the seepage effect from conventional nanoparticles; on the other hand, the surface plasmon effect enabled the core-shell nanoparticles to further boost the output performance of TENG. We circumvent the limitations and present a TENG whose output power density can be up to 4.375 mW/cm2. Points is that this article novelty investigate the high-performance TENG applicating for traditional Chinese medicine and develop a pratical self-powered acupuncture system. This technology enables rapid, routine regulation of human health at any age, which has potential applications in nearly any setting across healthcare platforms alike