11,063 research outputs found
Evidence of Public Service Motivation and Job Satisfaction of Public Sector Employees in China
The main purpose of this paper is to investigate how generalizable the public service motivation (PSM) is to China and examine the instrumentality through which individual PSM may affect work attitudes in an administrative or public organization. Using the data from the questionnaire among the Provincial Governments in China, the structure of PSM and the effects of PSM on job satisfaction (JS) is explored. The survey is coverage of provincial government departments’ employees in China, and a total of 1027 effective samples were collected. A variety of research methods are used, such as descriptive statistics analysis, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis and so on. These studies not only explore and examine the constitution and adaptability of PSM, but also produce interesting results that relate to the history and institutional background of Chinese administrative or public organizations
Suppressed star formation in circumnuclear regions in Seyfert galaxies
Feedback from black hole activity is widely believed to play a key role in
regulating star formation and black hole growth. A long-standing issue is the
relation between the star formation and fueling the supermassive black holes in
active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We compile a sample of 57 Seyfert galaxies to
tackle this issue. We estimate the surface densities of gas and star formation
rates in circumnuclear regions (CNRs). Comparing with the well-known
Kennicutt-Schmidt (K-S) law, we find that the star formation rates in CNRs of
most Seyfert galaxies are suppressed in this sample. Feedback is suggested to
explain the suppressed star formation rates.Comment: 1 color figure and 1 table. ApJ Letters in pres
A New Approach to Constrain Black Hole Spins in Active Galaxies Using Optical Reverberation Mapping
A tight relation between the size of the broad-line region (BLR) and optical
luminosity has been established in about 50 active galactic nuclei studied
through reverberation mapping of the broad Hbeta emission line. The R_blr-L
relation arises from simple photoionization considerations. Using a general
relativistic model of an optically thick, geometrically thin accretion disk, we
show that the ionizing luminosity jointly depends on black hole mass, accretion
rate, and spin. The non-monotonic relation between the ionizing and optical
luminosity gives rise to a complicated relation between the BLR size and the
optical luminosity. We show that the reverberation lag of Hbeta to the varying
continuum depends very sensitively to black hole spin. For retrograde spins,
the disk is so cold that there is a deficit of ionizing photons in the BLR,
resulting in shrinkage of the hydrogen ionization front with increasing optical
luminosity, and hence shortened Hbeta lags. This effect is specially striking
for luminous quasars undergoing retrograde accretion, manifesting in strong
deviations from the canonical R_blr-L relation. This could lead to a method to
estimate black hole spins of quasars and to study their cosmic evolution. At
the same time, the small scatter of the observed R_blr-L relation for the
current sample of reverberation-mapped active galaxies implies that the
majority of these sources have rapidly spinning black holes.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, to appear in ApJ
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