1 research outputs found
Discovery of Novel Pyrazolopyrimidinone Derivatives as Phosphodiesterase 9A Inhibitors Capable of Inhibiting Butyrylcholinesterase for Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
Discovery of multitarget-directed
ligands (MTDLs), targeting different factors simultaneously to control
the complicated pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), has
become an important research area in recent years. Both phosphodiesterase
9A (PDE9A) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitors could participate
in different processes of AD to attenuate neuronal injuries and improve
cognitive impairments. However, research on MTDLs combining the inhibition
of PDE9A and BuChE simultaneously has not been reported yet. In this
study, a series of novel pyrazolopyrimidinone–rivastigmine
hybrids were designed, synthesized, and evaluated <i>in vitro</i>. Most compounds exhibited remarkable inhibitory activities against
both PDE9A and BuChE. Compounds <b>6c</b> and <b>6f</b> showed the best IC<sub>50</sub> values against PDE9A (<b>6c</b>, 14 nM; <b>6f</b>, 17 nM) together with the considerable inhibition
against BuChE (IC<sub>50</sub>, <b>6c</b>, 3.3 μM; <b>6f</b>, 0.97 μM). Their inhibitory potencies against BuChE
were even higher than the anti-AD drug rivastigmine. It is worthy
mentioning that both showed moderate selectivity for BuChE over acetylcholinesterase
(AChE). Molecular docking studies revealed their binding patterns
and explained the influence of configuration and substitutions on
the inhibition of PDE9A and BuChE. Furthermore, compounds <b>6c</b> and <b>6f</b> exhibited negligible toxicity, which made them
suitable for the further study of AD <i>in vivo</i>