Disinfectant Performance of a Chlorine Regenerable Antibacterial Microfiber Fabric as a Reusable Wiper.

Rechargeable disinfectant performance of a microfiber fabric grafted with a halamine precursor, 3-allyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (ADMH), was tested in an actual use situation in a university student dining hall. The precursor was successfully incorporated onto the surfaces of polyester fibers by using a radical graft polymerization process through a commercial finishing facility. The N⁻H bonds of ADMH moieties on the fibers can be converted to biocidal N⁻Cl bonds, when the fabrics are washed in a diluted chlorine bleach containing 3000 ppm available chlorine, providing a refreshable disinfectant function. By wiping the surfaces of 30 tables (equivalent to 18 m²) with wet chlorinated fabrics, both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in concentrations of 10⁵ CFU/mL were totally killed in a contact time of 3 min. The disinfectant properties of the fabrics were still superior after 10 times successive machine washes (equivalent to fifty household machine washes), and rechargeable after wiping 30 tables before each recharge. Recharging conditions, such as temperature, time, active chlorine concentration and pH value of sodium hypochlorite solution, as well as the addition of a detergent, were studied. The product has the potential to improve public safety against biological contaminations and the transmission of diseases

Overexpression of Polo-like kinase1 (PLK1) in chondrosarcoma and its implications for cancer progression

Polo-like kinase1 (PLK1) is a new therapeutic target for osteosarcoma with good application prospects. Whether PLK1 is highly expressed in chondrosarcoma and whether PLK1 can be a potential therapeutic target for chondrosarcoma are worth exploring. However, PLK1 expression in chondrosarcoma is scarcely investigated. Therefore, we collected 11 cases of chondrosarcoma and 26 cases of osteochondroma with complete clinical pathological data and used immunohistochemical staining to detect the expression of PLK1 in chondrosarcoma and osteochondroma and then studied its significance and relationship with clinical pathological parameters. Our results showed that the positive expression rate of PLK1 in chondrosarcoma tissue (90.91%, 10/11) was significantly higher than the rate of osteochondroma tissues (53.85%, 14/26) (

PPARα is essential for retinal lipid metabolism and neuronal survival

Background: Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-alpha (PPARα) is a ubiquitously expressed nuclear receptor. The role of endogenous PPARα in retinal neuronal homeostasis is unknown. Retinal photoreceptors are the highest energy-consuming cells in the body, requiring abundant energy substrates. PPARα is a known regulator of lipid metabolism, and we hypothesized that it may regulate lipid use for oxidative phosphorylation in energetically demanding retinal neurons. Results: We found that endogenous PPARα is essential for the maintenance and survival of retinal neurons, with Pparα -/- mice developing retinal degeneration first detected at 8 weeks of age. Using extracellular flux analysis, we identified that PPARα mediates retinal utilization of lipids as an energy substrate, and that ablation of PPARα ultimately results in retinal bioenergetic deficiency and neurodegeneration. This may be due to PPARα regulation of lipid transporters, which facilitate the internalization of fatty acids into cell membranes and mitochondria for oxidation and ATP production. Conclusion: We identify an endogenous role for PPARα in retinal neuronal survival and lipid metabolism, and furthermore underscore the importance of fatty acid oxidation in photoreceptor survival. We also suggest PPARα as a putative therapeutic target for age-related macular degeneration, which may be due in part to decreased mitochondrial efficiency and subsequent energetic deficits. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12915-017-0451-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

A mitochondrion targeting fluorescent probe for imaging of intracellular superoxide radicals.

An amine-reactive fluorogenic molecule specifically turned on by superoxide radicals (O2˙(-)) was synthesized and coupled to a mitochondrial (MT) targeting peptide. The obtained probe showed superior uptake and MT targeting capabilities; and successfully detected the change in O2˙(-) levels in cells treated with chemical stimuli or single-walled carbon nanotubes

Disinfectant Performance of a Chlorine Regenerable Antibacterial Microfiber Fabric as a Reusable Wiper.

Rechargeable disinfectant performance of a microfiber fabric grafted with a halamine precursor, 3-allyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (ADMH), was tested in an actual use situation in a university student dining hall. The precursor was successfully incorporated onto the surfaces of polyester fibers by using a radical graft polymerization process through a commercial finishing facility. The N⁻H bonds of ADMH moieties on the fibers can be converted to biocidal N⁻Cl bonds, when the fabrics are washed in a diluted chlorine bleach containing 3000 ppm available chlorine, providing a refreshable disinfectant function. By wiping the surfaces of 30 tables (equivalent to 18 m²) with wet chlorinated fabrics, both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in concentrations of 10⁵ CFU/mL were totally killed in a contact time of 3 min. The disinfectant properties of the fabrics were still superior after 10 times successive machine washes (equivalent to fifty household machine washes), and rechargeable after wiping 30 tables before each recharge. Recharging conditions, such as temperature, time, active chlorine concentration and pH value of sodium hypochlorite solution, as well as the addition of a detergent, were studied. The product has the potential to improve public safety against biological contaminations and the transmission of diseases

A mitochondrion targeting fluorescent probe for imaging of intracellular superoxide radicals.

An amine-reactive fluorogenic molecule specifically turned on by superoxide radicals (O2˙(-)) was synthesized and coupled to a mitochondrial (MT) targeting peptide. The obtained probe showed superior uptake and MT targeting capabilities; and successfully detected the change in O2˙(-) levels in cells treated with chemical stimuli or single-walled carbon nanotubes

Acetylation of corn distillers dried grains

This paper shows that acidic conditions provide substantially higher % acetyl content, intrinsic viscosity and thermoplasticity even at low ratios of acetic anhydride and catalyst concentrations compared to using alkaline conditions for acetylation of oil-and-zein-free distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). Conventional methods of carbohydrate and protein acetylation are unsuitable for acetylating DDGS which is a mixture of carbohydrates and proteins. In this research, methods were developed to simultaneously acetylate the carbohydrates and proteins in DDGS using alkaline and acidic catalyses. The effect of various acetylation conditions on the % acetyl content and intrinsic viscosity of DDGS acetates was studied. Acetylation of DDGS was confirmed using FTIR and 1H NMR and thermal behavior of the DDGS acetates was studied using TGA and DSC. The highest % acetyl content obtained was 28.1% (Degree of substitution (DS) of 1.5) under alkaline conditions using an anhydride to DDGS ratio of 3:1 whereas a much higher % acetyl content of 36.1% (DS 2.1) was obtained under acidic conditions even with a lower anhydride to DDGS ratio of 2:1. DDGS acetates obtained using alkaline catalysts also had higher melting temperature and low melting enthalpy and hence exhibit poor thermoplasticity compared to the DDGS acetates obtained using acid catalysts.DDGS Catalysts Carbohydrates Acetylation Thermoplastics