2,084 research outputs found
Utilizing Thiocholesterol As A Hydrophobic Probe To Characterize Lipid Phase Behaviour
Lipid seperti sfingomielin, gliserofosfolipik dan kolesterol merupakan komponen utama yang membentuk serta mengekalkan kestabilan dan dinamik membran plasma eukariotik
Lipids, such as sphingomyelins, glycero-phospholipids and cholesterol, represent the primary component of the cellular plasma membrane and provide the necessary stability and dynamics to support protein functio
Dense-Coding Attack on Three-Party Quantum Key Distribution Protocols
Cryptanalysis is an important branch in the study of cryptography, including
both the classical cryptography and the quantum one. In this paper we analyze
the security of two three-party quantum key distribution protocols (QKDPs)
proposed recently, and point out that they are susceptible to a simple and
effective attack, i.e. the dense-coding attack. It is shown that the
eavesdropper Eve can totally obtain the session key by sending entangled qubits
as the fake signal to Alice and performing collective measurements after
Alice's encoding. The attack process is just like a dense-coding communication
between Eve and Alice, where a special measurement basis is employed.
Furthermore, this attack does not introduce any errors to the transmitted
information and consequently will not be discovered by Alice and Bob. The
attack strategy is described in detail and a proof for its correctness is
given. At last, the root of this insecurity and a possible way to improve these
protocols are discussed.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
Low magnetic field reversal of electric polarization in a Y-type hexaferrite
Magnetoelectric multiferroics in which ferroelectricity and magnetism coexist
have attracted extensive attention because they provide great opportunities for
the mutual control of electric polarization by magnetic fields and
magnetization by electric fields. From a practical point view, the main
challenge in this field is to find proper multiferroic materials with a high
operating temperature and great magnetoelectric sensitivity. Here we report on
the magnetically tunable ferroelectricity and the giant magnetoelectric
sensitivity up to 250 K in a Y-type hexaferrite, BaSrCoZnFe11AlO22. Not only
the magnitude but also the sign of electric polarization can be effectively
controlled by applying low magnetic fields (a few hundreds of Oe) that modifies
the spiral magnetic structures. The magnetically induced ferroelectricity is
stabilized even in zero magnetic field. Decayless reproducible flipping of
electric polarization by oscillating low magnetic fields is shown. The maximum
linear magnetoelectric coefficient reaches a high value of ~ 3.0\times10^3 ps/m
at 200 K.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, a couple of errors are correcte
Developmental differences in the structure of executive function in middle childhood and adolescence
Although it has been argued that the structure of executive function (EF) may change developmentally, there is little empirical research to examine this view in middle childhood and adolescence. The main objective of this study was to examine developmental changes in the component structure of EF in a large sample (N = 457) of 7–15 year olds. Participants completed batteries of tasks that measured three components of EF: updating working memory (UWM), inhibition, and shifting. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test five alternative models in 7–9 year olds, 10–12 year olds, and 13–15 year olds. The results of CFA showed that a single-factor EF model best explained EF performance in 7–9-year-old and 10–12-year-old groups, namely unitary EF, though this single factor explained different amounts of variance at these two ages. In contrast, a three-factor model that included UWM, inhibition, and shifting best accounted for the data from 13–15 year olds, namely diverse EF. In sum, during middle childhood, putative measures of UWM, inhibition, and shifting may rely on similar underlying cognitive processes. Importantly, our findings suggest that developmental dissociations in these three EF components do not emerge until children transition into adolescence. These findings provided empirical evidence for the development of EF structure which progressed from unity to diversity during middle childhood and adolescence
Free vibration studies of functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic plates/shells by using solid-shel ements
In this article, free vibration studies on functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic plates and cylindrical shells have been carried out by means of finite element method. The functionally graded material is assumed to be exponential in the thickness direction. The present finite element is formulated on the basis of assumed natural strain, enhanced assumed strain method and using displacement components, electric potential and magnetic potentials as nodal degrees of freedom. This element can be used as solid element and can also be applied to model thin curved shell structures. Numerical studies include the influence of the different exponential factor, magnetic and piezoelectric effect on the natural frequencies. Obtained numerical results are in good agreement with the semi-analytical finite element solutions available in the literature
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