823 research outputs found
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Document generality: its computation for ranking
The increased variety of information makes it critical to retrieve documents which are not only relevant but also broad enough to cover as many different aspects of a certain topic as possible. The increased variety of users also makes it critical to retrieve documents that are jargon free and easy-to-understand rather than the specific technical materials. In this paper, we propose a new concept namely document generality computation. Generality of document is of fundamental importance to information retrieval. Document generality is the state or quality of docu- ment being general. We compute document general- ity based on a domain-ontology method that analyzes scope and semantic cohesion of concepts appeared in the text. For test purposes, our proposed approach is then applied to improving the performance of doc- ument ranking in bio-medical information retrieval. The retrieved documents are re-ranked by a combined score of similarity and the closeness of documentsâ generality to that of a query. The experiments have shown that our method can work on a large scale bio-medical text corpus OHSUMED (Hersh, Buckley, Leone & Hickam 1994), which is a subset of MEDLINE collection containing of 348,566 medical journal references and 101 test queries, with an encouraging performance
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Event-based hyperspace analogue to language for query expansion
Bag-of-words approaches to information retrieval (IR) are effective but assume independence between words. The Hyperspace Analogue to Language (HAL) is a cognitively motivated and validated semantic space model that captures statistical dependencies between words by considering their co-occurrences in a surrounding window of text. HAL has been successfully applied to query expansion in IR, but has several limitations, including high processing cost and use of distributional statistics that do not exploit syntax. In this paper, we pursue two methods for incorporating syntactic-semantic information from textual âeventsâ into HAL. We build the HAL space directly from events to investigate whether processing costs can be reduced through more careful definition of word co-occurrence, and improve the quality of the pseudo-relevance feedback by applying event information as a constraint during HAL construction. Both methods significantly improve performance results in comparison with original HAL, and interpolation of HAL and relevance model expansion outperforms either method alone
Blockchain architecture and its applications in a bank risk mitigation framework
This study proposes a simple two-period model to consider consumersâ borrowing behaviour in a decentralised consensus and
information distribution platform. Based on this model, we
develop a bank risk mitigation framework and find that decentralised digital identity and encryption technology are the most
important factors for attaining market equilibrium between
decentralised consensus and information distribution. Specifically,
the greater the scope of digital identity construction and the
more blockchain consensus records there are, the less likely the
borrower will default. Our study provides meaningful practical
implications for bankers and policy regulators to help them better
understand consumersâ borrowing behaviour and decisions
to default
Ultrasonic Evaluation of Artificial Kissing Bonds in CFRP Composites
The primary aim of this paper is to create artificial inter-laminar kissing bond-like defects in CFRP panels for
ultrasonic inspection. Carbon fibre reinforced polymer structures pose a unique problem, as unlike metal-tometal
bonds (single bond line) carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites have multiple bond lines (between
each laminate layer and between the individual carbon fibre bundles). This increases the number of locations for
kissing bonds and other defects to lie. Published works look at bonding defects in joints (lap joints, and solidsolid
bonding). This paper looks at inter-laminar bonding. A number of samples are created and attempts are
then made to detect these kissing bonds using ultrasonic techniques. Further investigation into contaminants for
artificial defect creation is advised and destructive verification of the kissing bond samples is still required
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