253 research outputs found
Global Existence and Uniform Boundedness in a Fully Parabolic Keller-Segel System with Non-monotonic Signal-dependent Motility
This paper is concerned with global solvability of a fully parabolic system
of Keller--Segel-type involving non-monotonic signal-dependent motility. First,
we prove global existence of classical solutions to our problem with generic
positive motility function under a certain smallness assumption at infinity,
which however permits the motility function to be arbitrarily large within a
finite region. Then uniform-in-time boundedness of classical solutions is
established whenever the motility function has strictly positive lower and
upper bounds in any dimension , or decays at a certain slow rate at
infinity for . Our results remove the crucial non-increasing
requirement on the motility function in some recent work
\cite{JLZ22,FJ19b,FS22} and hence allow for both chemo-attractive and
chemo-repulsive effect, or their co-existence in applications. The key
ingredient of our proof lies in an important improvement of the comparison
method developed in \cite{JLZ22,FJ19b,LJ21}
Fruit quality assessment based on mineral elements and juice properties in nine citrus cultivars
IntroductionCitrus fruit is considered a superfood due to its multiple nutritional functions and health benefits. Quantitative analysis of the numerous quality characteristics of citrus fruit is required to promote its sustainable production and industrial utilization. However, little information is available on the comprehensive quality assessment of various fruit quality indicators in different citrus cultivars.MethodsA total of nine different fresh citrus fruits containing seeds were collected as the experimental materials. The objectives of this study were: (i) to determine the morphological and juice properties of citrus fruits, (ii) to measure the mineral elements in the peel, pulp, and seeds, and (iii) to evaluate the fruit quality index (FQI) using the integrated quality index (IQI) and the Nemoro quality index (NQI) methods.ResultsThere were significant differences in fruit quality characteristics, including morphological, mineral, and juice quality, among the investigated citrus cultivars. The proportion of pulp biomass was the highest, followed by that of peel and seeds. N and Cu had the highest and lowest concentrations, respectively, among the measured elements across all citrus fruits, and the amounts of N, P, Mg, Cu, and Zn in seeds, K and Al in pulp, and Ca, Fe, and Mn in peel were the highest, dramatically affecting the accumulation of minerals in the whole fruit and their distribution in various fruit parts. Additionally, Ningmeng fruits had the highest vitamin C and titratable acidity (TA) but the lowest total soluble solids (TSS) and total phenolic (TP) contents, resulting in the lowest TSS/TA and pH values. In contrast, Jinju fruits had the highest TSS and TP contents. Based on the mineral element and juice quality parameters, principal component analysis showed that the citrus fruits were well separated into four groups, and the dendrogram also showed four clusters with different distances. The FQI range based on the IQI method (FQIIQI) and NQI method (FQINQI) was 0.382-0.590 and 0.106-0.245, respectively, and a positive relationship between FQIIQI and FQINQI was observed.ConclusionOur results highlight the great differences in mineral and juice characteristics among fruit parts, which mediated fruit quality. The strategy of fruit quality assessment using the FQI can be expanded for targeted utilization in the citrus industry
The mechanism of activation of IRAK1 and IRAK4 by interleukin-1 and TollLike receptor agonists
Identification of the phosphorylation sites on the E3 ubiquitin ligase Pellino that are critical for activation by IRAK1 and IRAK4
The E3 ubiquitin ligase Pellino can be activated by phosphorylation in vitro, catalyzed by IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) or IRAK4. Here, we show that phosphorylation enhances the E3 ligase activity of Pellino 1 similarly with any of several E2-conjugating enzymes (Ubc13-Uev1a, UbcH4, or UbcH5a/5b) and identify 7 amino acid residues in Pellino 1 whose phosphorylation is critical for activation. Five of these sites are clustered between residues 76 and 86 (Ser-76, Ser-78, Thr-80, Ser-82, and Thr-86) and decorate a region of antiparallel β-sheet, termed the “wing,” which is an appendage of the forkhead-associated domain that is thought to interact with IRAK1. The other 2 sites are located at Thr-288 and Ser-293, just N-terminal to the RING-like domain that carries the E3 ligase activity. Unusually, the full activation of Pellino 1 can be achieved by phosphorylating any one of several different sites (Ser-76, Thr-86, Thr-288, or Ser-293) or a combination of other sites (Ser-78, Thr-80, and Ser-82). These observations imply that dephosphorylation of multiple sites is required to inactivate Pellino 1, which could be a device for prolonging Pellino's E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in vivo
Solar Ring Mission: Building a Panorama of the Sun and Inner-heliosphere
Solar Ring (SOR) is a proposed space science mission to monitor and study the
Sun and inner heliosphere from a full 360{\deg} perspective in the ecliptic
plane. It will deploy three 120{\deg}-separated spacecraft on the 1-AU orbit.
The first spacecraft, S1, locates 30{\deg} upstream of the Earth, the second,
S2, 90{\deg} downstream, and the third, S3, completes the configuration. This
design with necessary science instruments, e.g., the Doppler-velocity and
vector magnetic field imager, wide-angle coronagraph, and in-situ instruments,
will allow us to establish many unprecedented capabilities: (1) provide
simultaneous Doppler-velocity observations of the whole solar surface to
understand the deep interior, (2) provide vector magnetograms of the whole
photosphere - the inner boundary of the solar atmosphere and heliosphere, (3)
provide the information of the whole lifetime evolution of solar featured
structures, and (4) provide the whole view of solar transients and space
weather in the inner heliosphere. With these capabilities, Solar Ring mission
aims to address outstanding questions about the origin of solar cycle, the
origin of solar eruptions and the origin of extreme space weather events. The
successful accomplishment of the mission will construct a panorama of the Sun
and inner-heliosphere, and therefore advance our understanding of the star and
the space environment that holds our life.Comment: 41 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, to be published in Advances in Space
Researc
Limits on WWZ and WW\gamma couplings from p\bar{p}\to e\nu jj X events at \sqrt{s} = 1.8 TeV
We present limits on anomalous WWZ and WW-gamma couplings from a search for
WW and WZ production in p-bar p collisions at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV. We use p-bar p
-> e-nu jjX events recorded with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron
Collider during the 1992-1995 run. The data sample corresponds to an integrated
luminosity of 96.0+-5.1 pb^(-1). Assuming identical WWZ and WW-gamma coupling
parameters, the 95% CL limits on the CP-conserving couplings are
-0.33<lambda<0.36 (Delta-kappa=0) and -0.43<Delta-kappa<0.59 (lambda=0), for a
form factor scale Lambda = 2.0 TeV. Limits based on other assumptions are also
presented.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, 2 table
Search For Heavy Pointlike Dirac Monopoles
We have searched for central production of a pair of photons with high
transverse energies in collisions at TeV using of data collected with the D\O detector at the Fermilab Tevatron in
1994--1996. If they exist, virtual heavy pointlike Dirac monopoles could
rescatter pairs of nearly real photons into this final state via a box diagram.
We observe no excess of events above background, and set lower 95% C.L. limits
of on the mass of a spin 0, 1/2, or 1 Dirac
monopole.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
Zgamma Production in pbarp Collisions at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV and Limits on Anomalous ZZgamma and Zgammagamma Couplings
We present a study of Z +gamma + X production in p-bar p collisions at
sqrt{S}=1.8 TeV from 97 (87) pb^{-1} of data collected in the eegamma
(mumugamma) decay channel with the D0 detector at Fermilab. The event yield and
kinematic characteristics are consistent with the Standard Model predictions.
We obtain limits on anomalous ZZgamma and Zgammagamma couplings for form factor
scales Lambda = 500 GeV and Lambda = 750 GeV. Combining this analysis with our
previous results yields 95% CL limits |h{Z}_{30}| < 0.36, |h{Z}_{40}| < 0.05,
|h{gamma}_{30}| < 0.37, and |h{gamma}_{40}| < 0.05 for a form factor scale
Lambda=750 GeV.Comment: 17 Pages including 2 Figures. Submitted to PR
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