Magnetic properties of high petrologic grade L-LL chondrites: Tenham,Tuxtuac,Willard and Forrest(b)

Temperature dependence of the hysteresis parameters (saturation magnetization, Js; saturation remanent magnetization, Jr; coercivity, Hc; and initial susceptibility, Xi) were examined from room temperature to 780℃ for Tenham (L6), Tuxtuac (LL5), Willard (L6) and Forrest (b) (L6) chondrites. Their main magnetic minerals were determined from the analyses of transition temperatures (Θ_, Θ_, Θ_). The NRM characteristics of these chondrites were measured and are discussed on the basis of magnetic properties. The main magnetic minerals of the Tenham chondrite are taenite (γ-(Fe, Ni)) with 54 at % Ni and kamacite (α-(Fe, Ni)) with 7 at % Ni, and the main NRM carrier is taenite. Tenham has a stable NRM. Tuxtuac mainly contains tetrataenite and taenite (the ratio tetrataenite : taenite is 15 : 85,T. NAGATA et al., Mem. Natl Inst. Polar Res., Spec. Issue, 41,364,1986) and they both contribute to NRM. The NRM of Tuxtuac is rather unstable magnetically. The main magnetic minerals of the Willard chondrite are the same as those of Tenham, i. e. taenite with 54 at % Ni and kamacite with 7 at % Ni. The main NRM carrier is taenite. Willard has an unstable NRM. Forrest is suggested to have experienced some alteration, on the basis of the analysis of the Js-T curve, and may have acquired a secondary NRM of probable terrestrial origin

Early Spectral Evolution of the Rapidly Expanding Type Ia SN 2006X

We present optical spectroscopic and photometric observations of Type Ia supernova (SN) 2006X from --10 to +91 days after the $B$-band maximum. This SN exhibits one of the highest expansion velocity ever published for SNe Ia. At premaximum phases, the spectra show strong and broad features of intermediate-mass elements such as Si, S, Ca, and Mg, while the O{\sc i}$\lambda$7773 line is weak. The extremely high velocities of Si{\sc ii} and S{\sc ii} lines and the weak O{\sc i} line suggest that an intense nucleosynthesis might take place in the outer layers, favoring a delayed detonation model. Interestingly, Si{\sc ii}$\lambda$5972 feature is quite shallow, resulting in an unusually low depth ratio of Si{\sc ii}$\lambda$5972 to $\lambda$6355, $\cal R$(Si{\sc ii}). The low $\cal R$(Si{\sc ii}) is usually interpreted as a high photospheric temperature. However, the weak Si{\sc iii}$\lambda$4560 line suggests a low temperature, in contradiction to the low $\cal R$(Si{\sc ii}). This could imply that the Si{\sc ii}$\lambda$5972 line might be contaminated by underlying emission. We propose that $\cal R$(Si{\sc ii}) may not be a good temperature indicator for rapidly expanding SNe Ia at premaximum phases.Comment: 20 pages, 7 figures, (Received 2008 August 17; Accepted 2009 April 13

On the original Hakurai Shomoku, edited by Ozaki Masayosi

As material related to Chinese imported literature in the Edo period, Hakurai Shomoku, edited by Ozaki Masayoshi, is considered to be one of the most important literaty pieces. However, up to the present, only incomplete copies could be seen． However, I have been able to confirm the original. I intend to report on the original in its entirety, examine how Ozaki Masayoshi, known by the Japanese bibliographical introduction to Gunsho lchiran, edited the work by looking at the then cultural exchange in the sciences and the arts, and examine what Ozaki Masayoshi was trying to aim at from this work文部科学省グローバルCOEプログラム 関西大学文化交渉学教育研究拠

Interindividual variability of glucuronidation of exogenous and endogenous compounds / 内因、外因性化合物のグルクロン酸抱合の個体差に関する研究

取得学位：博士(薬学），学位授与番号：博甲第1032号，学位授与年月日：平成20年3月22

Probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment based on the Gutenberg–Richter law in eastern Shikoku, Nankai subduction zone, Japan

Earthquake and tsunami predictions comprise huge uncertainties, thus necessitating probabilistic assessments for the design of defense facilities and urban planning. In recent years, computer development has advanced probabilistic tsunami hazard assessments (PTHAs), where hazard curves show the exceedance probability of the maximum tsunami height. However, owing to the lack of historical and geological tsunami records, this method is generally insufficient for validating the estimated hazard curves. The eastern coast of Shikoku in the Nankai subduction zone, Japan, is suitable for validation because tsunami records from historical Nankai Trough earthquakes are available. This study evaluated PTHAs by comparing the tsunami hazard curves and exceedance frequencies of historical Nankai Trough tsunamis. We considered 3480 earthquake scenarios representing the rupture patterns of past Nankai earthquakes and calculated all tsunamis. The probability of earthquake occurrence was based on the Gutenberg–Richter law. We considered uncertainty in tsunami calculations with astronomical tide variations. The estimated tsunami hazard curves are consistent with the exceedance frequencies obtained from historical tsunamis. In addition, sensitivity tests indicate the significance of the earthquake slip heterogeneity and tsunami defense facilities in PTHAs. We also extended the PTHAs to tsunami inundation maps in high resolution and proposed an effective new method for reducing the tsunami computation load

Adenovirus-mediated transfection of caspase-8 sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma to TRAIL- and chemotherapeutic agent-induced cell death

AbstractCaspase-8 belongs to the cysteine protease family and is known to be activated at the initial step in the cascade of TRAIL-induced apoptosis. The activation of procaspase-8 can be blocked by a relatively large amount of c-FLIP, which renders resistance to death receptor-mediated apoptosis in many types of cancer cells. To ask if extrinsic over-expression of caspase-8 contributes to the induction of apoptosis, we introduced the caspase-8 gene into HCC cells using an adenoviral (Adv) vector (Adv-Casp8). We demonstrated that Adv-Casp8 increased expression of active forms of caspase-8 in MOI-dependent manner. A large amount of Adv-Casp8 (MOI of 50) induced apoptosis significantly in HCC cells and resulted in downregulation of c-FLIP (in SK-Hep1, HLE, and HepG2 cells), XIAP, survivin, and Bcl-xL (in HLE cells) and dynamic release of cytochrome c and Smac from the mitochondria into the cytosol. On the other hand, a small amount of Adv-Casp8 (MOI of 10) causes a slight but detectable increase in the level of apoptosis with only a small effect on anti-apoptotic proteins and mitochondrial activation. However, small amounts of Adv-Casp8 augmented TRAIL- or chemotherapeutic agent-induced cell death (with an MOI of 10 or 20, respectively). These results suggest both that exogenous over-expression of caspase-8 by Adv-Casp8 may be essential for induction of HCC cell death and that the combination of Adv-Casp8 and TRAIL or chemotherapeutic agents could provide a useful strategy for treatment of HCC

Structures and physiological functions of silica bodies in the epidermis of rice plants

We characterized silica structures in the epidermis of rice plant leaves and investigated their physiological functions from optical and mechanical viewpoints. By treating the distribution of silica bodies as a triangular lattice in the xy plane, and performing a theoretical optical analysis on this lattice, we discovered that a reduction in the photonic density of states may inhibit leaves of rice plant from being heated markedly higher than 20 degrees C. Ladderlike structures in the epidermis were mechanically investigated. These structures are conjectured to inhibit flat leaves from undergoing twisting torsions, which may assist the leaf to absorb sunlight more effectively for photosynthesis. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3232204]ArticleAPPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS. 95(12):123703 (2009)journal articl