Quantized Feedback Stabilization of Sampled-Data Switched Linear Systems

We propose a stability analysis method for sampled-data switched linear systems with quantization. The available information to the controller is limited: the quantized state and switching signal at each sampling time. Switching between sampling times can produce the mismatch of the modes between the plant and the controller. Moreover, the coarseness of quantization makes the trajectory wander around, not approach, the origin. Hence the trajectory may leave the desired neighborhood if the mismatch leads to instability of the closed-loop system. For the stability of the switched systems, we develop a sufficient condition characterized by the total mismatch time. The relationship between the mismatch time and the dwell time of the switching signal is also discussed.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figure

Identification Codes to Identify Multiple Objects

In the case of ordinary identification coding, a code is devised to identify a single object among $N$ objects. But, in this paper, we consider an identification coding problem to identify $K$ objects at once among $N$ objects in the both cases that $K$ objects are ranked or not ranked. By combining Kurosawa-Yoshida scheme with Moulin-Koetter scheme, an efficient identification coding scheme is proposed, which can attain high coding rate and error exponents compared with the case that an ordinary identification code is used $K$ times. Furthermore, the achievable triplet of rate and error exponents of type I and type II decoding error probabilities are derived for the proposed coding scheme.Comment: 14 pages, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Information Theor

Is Incineration Replacing Recycling?

Recycling rates increased rapidly in the United States and across the developed world in the 1980s and 1990s but have remained relatively flat in many countries since about 2005. Could increases in incineration and a possible "feed the beast" mentality associated with efficient incineration make the recycling of some materials economically and perhaps environmentally obsolete? In this paper, a theoretical model is developed to better explain the possible trade-off. The model is then tested using novel data in Japan that includes both unused incineration capacity and recycling rates across municipalities and across time. Results suggest that, when controlling for other variables, excess incineration capacity indeed reduces recycling. These results suggest that future planned increases in recycling may be frustrated by increases in incineration

How Do Agricultural Markets Respond to Radiation Risk?: Evidence from the 2011 Disaster in Japan

Since the explosion of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in March 2011, public anxiety surrounding the radioactive contamination of food and the environment has become widespread. This article examines how the price of vegetables in the Tokyo Metropolitan Central Wholesale Market was impacted in the wake of the nuclear accident. This study exploits the quasi-experimental condition generated by this accident to test the market price change using monthly panel data on the price of six types of fresh vegetable from each of the 47 prefectures in Japan. Our estimation results show that the price of vegetables grown in Fukushima Prefecture was discounted by 10 - 38 % after the disaster compared to the counter-factual estimates in the absence of a perceived radiation risk. This effect has persisted even after radioactive detection tests showed negative results in subsequent years. Consumer behavior of avoiding purchasing vegetables from Fukushima and instead buying vegetables grown in other areas may explain the price gap

Does Unit-Based Pricing Really Reduce Waste? A Causal Inference Approach with Panel Data

Preventing waste generation is the first priority of waste management policies in many countries. In this paper, we examine the effect of unit-based pricing policy using a causal inference approach. Although previous research has examined the impact of unit-based pricing, few studies implement a causal inference framework. We apply the approach called "Weighted Fixed Effects Regression Models for Causal Inference" developed by Imai and Kim (2016, 2019) and find that the effect of unit-based pricing is overestimated by standard linear fixed effects models. We also find evidence that the effect of unit-based pricing is not strictly increasing in the price of waste collection