Immunohistochemical Analysis of Colorectal Cancer among Atomic Bomb Survivors in Hiroshima

In order to elucidate the biological characteristics of colorectal cancer among atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima, a total of 159 cases of colorectal cancers comprising 73 cases in exposed atomic bomb survivors and 86 cases in non-exposed individuals were examined histologically and immunohistochemically for various functioning proteins. No statistical differences could be demonstrated in the incidence of various marker expressions of colorectal cancers between the exposed group and control group. However, comparison by the site of colorectal cancer showed that sigmoid colon cancers in the exposed group or high dose group showed a significantly higher frequency of glycoproteins such as α1-antichymotrypsin (ACT), secretory component (SC), α1-antitrypsin (AAT), and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) when compared with the control group. These results correlated well with the epidemiological data that the radiation effect on the incidence of colorectal cancer in atomic bomb survivors was most remarkable in the sigmoid colon.This study was supported in part by Grants in Aid for Cancer Research from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, Japan

Japanese Class in Junior High School and Evaluation : Through the chapter bringing up Students' ability for reading text

The purpose of this research is to study the creation of Japanese language teaching bringing up students' zest for reading text, and to study how we evaluate students' learning. Especially, we study how we should evaluate students according to the National Curriculum Standards, and how we should use the evaluation in teaching how to read text. In this paper, we describe how we evaluate the ninth grade students' learning, and how we teach the seventh grade students and evaluate their learning

Measurements and Evaluation of Proximal Femoral Bone Mineral Density with Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry

Proximal femoral bone mineral density (BMD) can be measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry method in the neck, trochanter, intertrochanter, total and Ward's triangle area. Ward's triangle area of the proximal femur is a smaller area to measure than the others, and the position varies, depending on the status of inner rotation of the target leg. In this study, the measurements of the proximal femoral BMD in women were carried out on the neck, trochanter, intertrochanter, total and Ward's triangle area with the, subjects' legs turned 15 degrees toward the inside. The Ward's BMD were measured using Ward's cognitive method, in which the measured BMD were compared among age groups of 50-59, 60-69, 70-79 and 80-89 to determine whether this process could reveal decreased femoral BMD in elderly women. The correlation between BMD and age was tested using the Pearson correlation coefficient. In all measured parts, the BMD of women age 50-59 were significantly higher than those of women age 80-89. The correlations between BMD and age were negative in all measured parts, and the most negative correlation was between age and Ward's BMD. The study using Ward's cognitive method showed an inverse correlation between Ward's BMD and age in women

Novel Treatment Criteria for Persistent Ductus Arteriosus in Neonates

BackgroundThe indications for ductus arteriosus ligation in very-low-birth-weight infants (VLBWIs) with persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA) are unclear. Increased left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDd) is commonly found in patients with PDA. Here, the enlargement of LVDd in term and preterm neonates without congenital heart disease was estimated by two-dimensional echocardiography.MethodsThe value of the measured LVDd was divided by the normal LVDd as an index (LVDd ratio) to compare 30 patients who underwent PDA ligation with 30 patients treated with indomethacin and 30 patients who did not undergo radical therapy.ResultsAn LVDd ratio between 122% and 197% (mean, 142%) was considered to be an indication for the ligation procedure. The proportion of patients exceeding 130% in the LVDd ratio was 87% (26/30) in those patients who underwent ligation. Catecholamines and/or vasodilators were required in 83% patients for the treatment of low ejection fraction or hypertension after operations, suggesting that patients had been in preload and/or afterload remodeling failure during the operation. The percentage of patients with less than 115% in the LVDd ratio was 90% in the non-radical-therapy patients. The LVDd ratios of 130% and 115% were regarded as cut-off values for surgical ligation and indomethacin treatment.ConclusionThe LVDd ratio is a useful measure to determine the treatment of VLBWIs with PDA

ニュウヨウジ トノ ケイゾクテキ コウリュウ ジッシュウ オ クミイレタ タイケンガタ コミュニケーション ジュギョウ

現代の大学教育では、従来からの専門教育と共に、人間カをバランスよく育むことが求められて いる。対人援助を目的とする医療系学部において、その期待は特に強い。しかしその一方で現代社会は 人間関係が希薄になり、「人」が成長しにくくなっている。実際の教育現場においても学生の社会性の 欠如・人間性の未熟さを実感する場面が少なくない。徳島大学では文部科学省の補助金を得て、平成18年度後期より平成20年度まで、乳幼児との交流実習を取り入れたコミュニケーション授業を行った。その結果、乳幼児との継続的な交流実習が、座学の授業や学生同士のロールプレイでは得ることが困難と思われる気づきや、高いモチベーションをもたらすことがわかっり、学生の人間性に働きかける教育法であることが示唆された。この有効性と効果について考察した

Electrochemical formal homocoupling of sec-alcohols

Electrochemical pinacol coupling of carbonyl compounds in an undivided cell with a sacrificial anode would be a promising approach toward synthetically valuable vic-1,2-diol scaffolds without using low-valent metal reductants. However, sacrificial anodes produce an equimolar amount of metal waste, which may be a major issue in terms of sustainable chemistry. Herein, we report a sacrificial anode-free electrochemical protocol for the synthesis of pinacol-type vic-1,2-diols from sec-alcohols, namely benzyl alcohol derivatives and ethyl lactate. The corresponding vic-1,2-diols are obtained in moderate to good yields, and good to high levels of stereoselectivity are observed for sec-benzyl alcohol derivatives. The present transformations smoothly proceed in a simple undivided cell under constant current conditions without the use of external chemical oxidants/reductants, and transitionmetal catalysts