Capital Fixity and Mobility in Response to the 2008-09 Crisis: Variegated Neoliberalism in Mexico and Turkey

The article examines the 2008-9 crisis responses in Mexico and Turkey as examples of variegated neoliberalism. The simultaneous interests of corporations and banks relative to the national fixing of capital and their mobility in the form of global investment heavily influenced each state authority’s policy responses to the crisis at the expense of the interests of the poor, workers, and peasantry. Rather than pitching this as either evidence of persistent national differentiation or some Keynesian state resurgence, we argue from a historical materialist geographical framework that the responses of capital and state authorities in Mexico and Turkey actively constitute and reconstitute the global parameters of market regulatory design and neoliberal class rule through each state’s distinct domestic policy formation and crisis management processes. While differing in specific content the form of Mexico and Turkey’s state responses to the crisis ensured continuity in their foregoing neoliberal strategies of development and capital accumulation, most notably in the continued oppression of workers. That is, the prevailing strategy of accumulation continues to be variegated neoliberalism

Social change and the family: Comparative perspectives from the west, China, and South Asia

This paper examines the influence of social and economic change on family structure and relationships: How do such economic and social transformations as industrialization, urbanization, demographic change, the expansion of education, and the long-term growth of income influence the family? We take a comparative and historical approach, reviewing the experiences of three major sociocultural regions: the West, China, and South Asia. Many of the changes that have occurred in family life have been remarkably similar in the three settings—the separation of the workplace from the home, increased training of children in nonfamilial institutions, the development of living arrangements outside the family household, increased access of children to financial and other productive resources, and increased participation by children in the selection of a mate. While the similarities of family change in diverse cultural settings are striking, specific aspects of change have varied across settings because of significant pre-existing differences in family structure, residential patterns of marriage, autonomy of children, and the role of marriage within kinship systems.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/45661/1/11206_2005_Article_BF01124383.pd

Study on the political economy of structural adjustment : workers and peasants during a major reorientation of economic policies, Turkey, 1980-1987

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Prognostic correlative values of the late-infancy MRI pattern in term infants with perinatal asphyxia

WOS: 000222927500007PubMed ID: 15246490The aim of this study was to define the risk ratios of the late-infancy magnetic resonance imaging pattern for long-term outcome in term infants with perinatal asphyxia. We evaluated 65 term infants with perinatal asphyxia and performed magnetic resonance imaging examinations between 4-12 months of age. Magnetic resonance imaging scans were classified as follows: (1) periventricular leukomalacia in 21 (32%) infants, (2) marked cortical atrophy in 17 (26%) infants, (3) multicystic encephalomalacia in 10 (15%) infants, (4) deep gray matter involvement in 8 (12%) infants, (5) focal cortical involvement in 6 (9%) infants, (6) myelination delay in 3 (5%) infants. The overall outcome was favorable in 19 (29%) of 65 infants. Infants with diffuse cortical involvement (multicystic encephalomalacia and marked cortical atrophy) are four times (odds ratio: 4.4 and 4.1 respectively) more likely to attain the unfavorable outcome than the infants with other patterns of magnetic resonance imaging. Infants with focal cortical involvement had relatively favorable outcome in 60% of the cases. In conclusion, it appears that the overall outcome of infants with perinatal asphyxia correlated well with the magnetic resonance imaging patterns obtained between 4 and 12 months of age. (C) 2004 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Prognostic Factors Affecting Brain Metastasis-Free Survival in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

WOS: 000492162205012[No abstract available

Can we define any marker associated with brain failure in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer? [Peut-on définir un marqueur associé à une irechute cérébrale chez les patients atteints d'un cancer du poumon non à petites cellules localement évolué ?]

2-s2.0-85099121204Purpose: To define the factors which may be related to brain metastasis (BM) in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) who developed brain metastases after definitive treatment. Patients and methods: A total of 208 patients with LA-NSCLC, without BM who received definitive radiotherapy (RT) or RT + chemotherapy (CT) between January 2005 and January 2016 were evaluated retrospectively. Platelet, neutrophil, lymphocyte counts, LDH, CRP, Hb levels, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte radio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte radio (PLR), advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) and FDG-PET/CT parameters (SUVmax of the primary tumor and mediastinal lymph nodes), and patient characteristics were evaluated for brain metastasis free survival (BMFS). Results: Median follow-up duration was 25 months (range: 3–130 months). Cut-off values for platelet, NLR, PLR, LDH, CRP, and Hb were 290 × 103/?L, 2.6, 198, 468 IU/L, 2.5 mg/dL, and 11.5 g/dl. We defined each parameter as low or high according to the cut-off values. 56 patients (26.9%) developed brain metastases during follow-up. In univariate analysis, high NLR (P = 0.001), PLR (P = 0.037), LDH (P = 0.028), CRP (P = 0.002) values, value ? 7.5 for lymph nodes (P = 0.005) and low ALI value (P = 0.002) were poor prognostic factors for BMFS. In multivariate analysis, high NLR (P = 0.022), PLR (P = 0.017), CRP (P = 0.006), stage ? IIIB disease (P < 0.001), multi-stational N2 disease (P = 0.036), adenocarcinoma histology (P < 0.001) and SUVmax value ? 7.5 (P = 0.035) were poor prognostic factors for BMFS. Conclusions: High NLR, PLR, LDH, CRP values, SUVmax values for lymph nodes, and low ALI which indicates high tumor burden were additional prognostic factors besides stage, histology, and lymph node status. © 2020 Société française de radiothérapie oncologique (SFRO

Evaluation of acute and late radiation morbidity in patients with gynaecologic malignancy using the RTOG criteria and Franco-Italian glossary

WOS: 000253838900011PubMed ID: 18459551Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate acute and late radiation morbidity in patients with gynaecologic malignancy using the RTOG criteria and Franco-Italian glossary, and to compare the usefulness and disadvantages of each system. Materials and Methods: Between February 2001 and February 2003, 107 patients with gynaecologic malignancy who received either radical or adjuvant external radiotherapy intracavitary brachytherapy or radiochemotherapy were enrolled in this study. The patients were evaluated before radiotherapy and weekly during radiotherapy for acute morbidity using the RTOG grading system and Franco-Italian glossary. Postradiotherapy evaluation was done one month after radiotherapy and at 3-month intervals thereafter. Median follow-up duration was 17 months. Morbidity was graded and recorded according to each scoring system. Results: Median age was 46 years (range 37-82). Sixty-four patients (59.8%) had endometrial cancer. Radical radiotherapy was applied to 26 patients because of inoperability and 81 patients received postoperative radiotherapy. Biologically effective doses for the bladder, rectum and vagina were 98.39, 103.54 and 121.81, respectively, for late morbidity (BED3); 70.88, 72.84 and 80.92, respectively, for acute morbidity (BED,,). According to the RTOG grading system acute morbidity rate for the genitourinary and gastrointestinal systems, and skin were 52.3%, 83.2% and 63.5%, respectively. Late morbidity rate for the bladder, colon-rectum, skin and vagina were 16.8%, 20.6%, 47.7% and 51.4%, respectively. The morbidity rate for the bladder, nonspecific abdominal, hematopoietic system, uterus-vulva-vagina, skin and rectum were 35.4%, 29.9%, 5.6%, 60.8%, 40.1 % and 32.7%, respectively using the Franco-Italian glossary. In patients with carcinoma of the vulva - whose treatment fields were wider - acute morbidity rate according to RTOG criteria was higher (p = 0.057); photon energy (6 My rather than 1.25 MV) (p = 0.01) and treatment interruption of more than eight days (p = 0.019) were correlated with decreased long-term morbidity. According to the Franco-Italian glossary morbidity rates were higher in patients who received chemotherapy (p = 0.047), both external radiotherapy and brachytherapy (p = 0.022) and treatment interruption of less than eight days (p = 0.019). Conclusion: There is no common language between the RTOG grading system and Franco-Italian glossary for defining and scoring radiation morbidity. Up to date no standard and well-defined system has been developed for recording and reporting acute and late radiation morbidity in gynaecologic malignancy, but rather it depends on the subjective evaluation and experience of a radiation oncologist and subjective complaints of the patient, and sometimes on clinical findings. A standard and well-defined user friendly objective scoring system is needed to define and predict the morbidity rate more properly