(E)-3-Propoxymethyl­idene-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-9-one monohydrate

The title compound, C15H16N2O2·H2O, was synthesized via the alkyl­ation of 3-hydroxy­methyl­idene-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-9-one with n-propyl iodide in the presence of sodium hydroxide. The organic mol­ecule and the water mol­ecule both lie on a crystallographic mirror plane. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the components into extended chains along [100]

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТЕЧЕНИЯ И ПРИВЕРЖЕННОСТЬ ЛЕЧЕНИЮ ПРИ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ВАРИАНТАХ СТАБИЛЬНОЙ СТЕНОКАРДИИ В СОЧЕТАНИИ С АРТЕРИАЛЬНОЙ ГИПЕРТЕНЗИЕЙ У ЖИТЕЛЕЙ г. НОВОСИБИРСКА

The purpose. To study clinical and angiographic status, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (Nt-proBNP) level and treatment adherence in stable angina associated with hypertension patients (pts).Materials and methods. 151 pts (men) divided into 3 groups were investigated. The 1st group was consisted of 43 men with uncomplicated angina without significant lesions of coronary artery. The 2nd group included 47 men with angina with history of coronary revascularization (percutaneous coronary intervention). The 3rd group included 61 men with angina after previous cardiovascular event (myocardial infarction or stroke).Results. There were less number of current smokers in uncomplicated stable angina group. 3rd group pts took more alcohol drinks before cardiovascular events. Biochemical blood status were compared in three groups. Structure-functional heart parameters were more disturbed in pts with previous cardiovascular events. Coronary arteries were more lesion in complicated angina pts too. Nt-proBNP levels were significantly higher in patients undergoing cardiovascular events. Factors determining in stable angina associated with hypertension were extent of coronary artery lesion, left-atrium, and left-ventricular size, left-ventricular hypertrophy, and ejection fraction. The relationship between Nt-proBNP levels and left ventricular remodelling as well as between Nt-proBNP levels and extent of coronary arteries lesions were revealed. Adherence to treatment was higher in patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention.Цель. Целью исследования явилось изучение факторов риска, клинико-ангиографической картины, уровня N-концевого фрагмента предшественника мозгового натрийуретического пептида и приверженности лечению при различных клинических вариантах стабильной стенокардии.Материалы и методы. Обследован 151 мужчина со стабильной стенокардией. Больные были разделены на три группы: 1-ю группу составили 43 пациента с неосложненным течением стенокардии с гемодинамически незначимыми стенозами коронарных артерий, 2-ю – 47 пациентов со стабильной стенокардией, подвергшихся чрескожному коронарному вмешательству и 3-ю – 61 пациент со стабильной стенокардией с перенесенным кардиоваскулярным событием (инфаркт миокарда, мозговой инсульт) независимо от характера поражения коронарных артерий.Результаты. Выявлено достоверно меньшее число курящих больных в группе неосложненного течения стенокардии, а больные, перенесшие кардиоваскулярное событие, употребляли в прошлом большее количество алкоголя. Структурно-функциональное состояние миокарда в большей степени изменено у больных стенокардией с наличием кардиоваскулярных событий, у них же имелось более значимое поражение коронарных артерий. Уровень N-концевого фрагмента мозгового натрийуретического пептида был достоверно выше у больных, перенесших инфаркт миокарда, его значения коррелировали со степенью ремоделирования левого желудочка и выраженностью стеноза коронарных артерий. Приверженность лечению оказалась выше у больных, подвергшихся чрескожному коронарному вмешательству

Stable angina with intermedium coronary artery stenosis: the most typical clinical phenotypes

Aim of the study was to investigate the most typical phenotypes and to study cardiovascular risk factors and assess of the clinical angiographic picture in stable angina patients with intermedium coronary artery stenosis. Material and methods. 236 stable angina functional class I–III patients (190 men) aged 49–59 with intermedium (40–70 %) coronary artery stenosis were examined. A general clinical examination, ultrasound examination and coronary angiography were performed. Study design – non-randomized descriptive study of four parallel groups. Differences in the compared parameters were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05. Results. The prevailing phenotypes in stable angina patients with intermedium coronary artery stenosis turned out to be coronary artery disease (CAD) without a previous myocardial infarction (MI); CAD with previous MI less than a 6 months ago; CAD with metabolically unhealthy obesity phenotype (MUOP) without diabetes mellitus (DM), and CAD with DM type 2. Patients of different phenotypes did not significantly differ in the frequency of past MI. CAD and MUOP patients with previous MI were characterized by the earliest age of its occurrence. Despite the 100 % availability of hypertension in different phenotypes groups, in CAD and DM type 2 patients were largest left ventricle myocardium mass values. They also had the most frequently recorded multivessel lesion during the coronary angiography study. Despite ongoing outpatient treatment for one year, the values of lipid and inflammation indices (content of low-density cholesterol, triglyceride, C-reactive protein) were high in all phenotypes patients as well as number of people with insufficient blood pressure control. Conclusions. In stable angina patients with intermedium coronary artery stenosis despite the absence of obstructive coronary artery lesion, the cardiovascular complications risk is due to the presence of 100 % arterial hypertension, high body mass index, significant frequency of obesity, dyslipidemia, carbohydrates metabolism disorders. That is why such patients represent a rather serious group in terms of prognosis. The clinical and angiographic picture, as well as residual risk levels, vary depending on the clinical phenotype

Cardiovascular system state changes in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients during chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is one of reliable and proven methods of malignant tumor and blood diseases treatment but however the drug side effects (particularly cardiotoxicity) occur. More often cardiovascular complications connect with anthracyclines and related drugs (doxorubicin, daunorubicyn, epirubicyn, idarubicyn, mitoxantron) which usually used at medical scheme because of wide spectrum of action and high effectiveness prescription. Risk of cardiotoxicity formation and existing diseases progression increases according to drug dose, patient’s age, cardiovascular risk factors presence and cardiovascular diseases history. Material and methods. 88 patients with established non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma diagnosis were examined in order to assess cardiovascular system state and pathology nature – 33 patients before chemotherapy and 55 patients in the long-term follow-up period (one year after the start of chemotherapy). Results. It was found that antitumor drugs induced cardiotoxicity may manifest at the beginning of chemotherapy as well as following up period. The cardiac cameras dilation associated with the increase of NTproBNP serum content (N-terminal fragment of natriuretic peptide type B precursor) – the main biomarker of myocardial dysfunction has been revealed by instrumental research

Biological and physical mechanisms of cerebral aneurysms formation, growth and rupture

According to various researchers, the prevalence of unruptured cerebral aneurysms (CAs) in the general population varies from 2 to 5 %. In the vast majority of cases, CAs do not have clinical and neurological manifestations and are discovered incidentally during routine neuroimaging studies. CAs can cause intracranial hemorrhage. As a rule, hemorrhages of this type occur in patients aged 40–60 years. It has been established that about 10–15 % of patients die from an aneurysmal hemorrhage before they receive specialized medical care. Recurrent aneurysmal intracranial hemorrhage is the main cause of high mortality and disability in this group of patients. The search for literature sources in the scientific databases PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and eLibrary demonstrated the existence of numerous studies devoted to the study of molecular biology and biophysical mechanisms of formation, growth and rupture of CAs. Combining the results of these studies was the motivation for writing this literature review. The paper reflects in detail the role of inflammation and molecular genetic factors in the growth and rupture of the CAs, and presents the biophysical factors of the rupture of the CAs. The authors pay special attention to the shape, size and coefficient of the CAs as the most important geometric risk factors for the formation and rupture of the CAs. This review presents current data on mathematical modeling of various types of CAs with an assessment of the risk of rupture of the latter, which has found its application in wide clinical practice. The authors also attempted to describe the hemodynamic features in various types of CAs. In turn, the type of blood flow in the CAs cavity largely depends on the size and shape of the latter and the geometry of the carrier artery, which is the basis for preoperative planning and the choice of tactics for surgical treatment of patients with unruptured CAs

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТЕЧЕНИЯ ФИБРИЛЛЯЦИИ ПРЕДСЕРДИЙ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С КОМОРБИДНОСТЬЮ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ПРОВОДИМОЙ ТЕРАПИИ

Aim. To study the clinical course of atrial fibrillation in patients with arterial hypertension and extracardiac comorbid pathology depending on the administered therapy.Methods. 207 men aged 45–65 years with atrial fibrillation (paroxysmal and persistent) and arterial hypertension in combination with diabetes mellitus (n = 40), abdominal obesity (n = 64) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n = 47) were recruited to a observational cohort study. 56 patients with atrial fibrillation and arterial hypertension but without any extracardiac diseases were included in the comparison group. Clinical and anthropometric parameters were assessed in all patients. Adherence to therapy was estimated with the Morisky-Green test. All patients underwent ECG; electrocardiographic holter monitoring, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring with the Daily Monitoring Systems SCHILLER (Schiller, Switzerland), 2D and M-mode echocardiography using a Vivid 7 device (General Electric, USA). The statistical analysis was performed in the Rstudio software (version 0.99.879, RStudio, Inc., MA, USA).Results. 66% of patients with atrial fibrillation and arterial hypertension had concomitant extracardiac comorbid pathology, of them 20% of had diabetes mellitus, 22% with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 24% with abdominal obesity. The clinical groups were comparable in electro impulse and drug therapy. Patients who received medical treatment were frequently admitted to hospitals for atrial fibrillation recurrence (p&lt;0.001), compared with those who underwent electro impulse therapy. Adherence to antiarrhythmic therapy was low in the entire cohort of patients. There were no significant differences found between the clinical groups.Conclusion. Early diagnosis of the factors contributing to the progression of AF, the prescription of additional therapy for the secondary prevention of arrhythmia and the choice of its optimal treatment strategy may slow the progression of arrhythmia and the development of CHF, which will improve not only the clinical status of patients, but also their prognosis.Цель. Изучить особенности течения фибрилляции предсердий (ФП) у больных артериальной гипертонией (АГ) и экстракардиальной коморбидной патологией в зависимости от проводимой терапии, а также оценить приверженность к антиаритмической терапии.Материалы и методы. В обсервационном когортном исследовании наблюдалось 207 мужчин 45–65 лет с ФП (пароксизмальная и персистирующая форма) и АГ в сочетании с сахарным диабетом (СД) (n = 40), абдоминальным ожирением (АО) (n = 64) и хронической обструктивной болезнью легких (ХОБЛ) (n = 47). Группу сравнения составили 56 больных с ФП и АГ, без экстракардиальных заболеваний. В работе оценивались клинические, антропометрические показатели, тест для оценки приверженности Мориски-Грина, результаты инструментальной диагностики: электрокардиография (ЭКГ); холтеровское мониторирование электрокардиограммы (ХМ ЭКГ), суточное мониторирование артериального давления (СМАД) – системы суточного мониторирования SCHILLER (Шиллер, Швейцария), Эхокардиография – в М и 2D режимах на аппарате Vivid 7 (General Electric, USA). Все статистические расчёты проводили в программе Rstudio (version 0.99.879, RStudio, Inc., MA, USA).Результаты. Среди больных с ФП и АГ было выявлено 66% с сопутствующей экстракардиальной коморбидной патологией, из них с СД 20% больных; ХОБЛ выявлена у 22% пациентов, а АО отмечалось у 44% пациентов. По частоте электроимпульсной терапии (ЭИТ) и медикаментозной терапии (МТ) клинические группы были сопоставимы. Доказано, что пациенты, которым была проведена МТ, госпитализировались по поводу повторных приступов ФП достоверно чаще (р&lt;0,001) по сравнению с группой пациентов, которым проводилась ЭИТ. Приверженность к антиаритмической терапии низкая у всей когорты обследованных, а при сравнительном анализе между клиническими группами не было выявлено достоверных различий.Заключение. Ранняя диагностика факторов прогрессирования ФП, назначение дополнительной терапии для вторичной профилактики аритмии и выбор правильной стратегии ее лечения могут замедлить прогрессирование аритмии и развитие хронической сердечной недостаточности, что улучшает не только клинический статус пациентов, но и их прогноз