Based on Multi-sensor Information Fusion Algorithm of TPMS Research

AbstractIn the paper are presented algorithms of TPMS (Tire Pressure Monitoring System) based on multi-sensor information fusion. A Unified mathematical models of information fusion are constructed and three algorithms are used to deal with, which include algorithm based on Bayesian, algorithm based on the relative distance (an improved algorithm of bayesian theory of evidence), algorithm based on multi-sensor weighted fusion. The calculating results shows that the algorithm based on d-s evidence theory of multisensor fusion method better than the algorithm the based on information fusion method or the bayesian method

A JNK-Dependent Pathway Is Required for TNFα-Induced Apoptosis

AbstractTumor necrosis factor (TNFα) receptor signaling can simultaneously activate caspase 8, the transcription factor, NF-κB and the kinase, JNK. While activation of caspase 8 is required for TNFα-induced apoptosis, and induction of NF-κB inhibits cell death, the precise function of JNK activation in TNFα signaling is not clearly understood. Here, we report that TNFα-mediated caspase 8 cleavage and apoptosis require a sequential pathway involving JNK, Bid, and Smac/DIABLO. Activation of JNK induces caspase 8-independent cleavage of Bid at a distinct site to generate the Bid cleavage product jBid. Translocation of jBid to mitochondria leads to preferential release of Smac/DIABLO, but not cytochrome c. The released Smac/DIABLO then disrupts the TRAF2-cIAP1 complex. We propose that the JNK pathway described here is required to relieve the inhibition imposed by TRAF2-cIAP1 on caspase 8 activation and induction of apoptosis. Further, our findings define a mechanism for crosstalk between intrinsic and extrinsic cell death pathways

Partially Coherent Vortex Beam: From Theory to Experiment

Partially coherent vortex beam exhibits some unique and interesting properties, for example, correlation singularities (i.e., ring dislocations) exist in its correlation function, and one can determine the magnitude of the topological charge of the vortex phase from the number of the ring dislocations. Modulating the coherence of a vortex beam provides a convenient way for shaping its focused beam spot, which is useful for material processing and optical trapping. Furthermore, a partially coherent vortex beam has an advantage over a partially coherent beam without vortex phase for reducing turbulence‐induced scintillation, which will be useful in free‐space optical communications. We introduce recent theoretical and experimental developments on partially coherent vortex beams

The effects of object size on spatial orientation: an eye movement study

IntroductionThe processing of visual information in the human brain is divided into two streams, namely, the dorsal and ventral streams, object identification is related to the ventral stream and motion processing is related to the dorsal stream. Object identification is interconnected with motion processing, object size was found to affect the information processing of motion characteristics in uniform linear motion. However, whether the object size affects the spatial orientation is still unknown.MethodsThirty-eight college students were recruited to participate in an experiment based on the spatial visualization dynamic test. Eyelink 1,000 Plus was used to collect eye movement data. The final direction difference (the difference between the final moving direction of the target and the final direction of the moving target pointing to the destination point), rotation angle (the rotation angle of the knob from the start of the target movement to the moment of key pressing) and eye movement indices under conditions of different object sizes and motion velocities were compared.ResultsThe final direction difference and rotation angle under the condition of a 2.29°-diameter moving target and a 0.76°-diameter destination point were significantly smaller than those under the other conditions (a 0.76°-diameter moving target and a 0.76°-diameter destination point; a 0.76°-diameter moving target and a 2.29°-diameter destination point). The average pupil size under the condition of a 2.29°-diameter moving target and a 0.76°-diameter destination point was significantly larger than the average pupil size under other conditions (a 0.76°-diameter moving target and a 0.76°-diameter destination point; a 0.76°-diameter moving target and a 2.29°-diameter destination point).DiscussionA relatively large moving target can resist the landmark attraction effect in spatial orientation, and the influence of object size on spatial orientation may originate from differences in cognitive resource consumption. The present study enriches the interaction theory of the processing of object characteristics and motion characteristics and provides new ideas for the application of eye movement technology in the examination of spatial orientation ability

Multiferroic Magnon Spin-Torque Based Reconfigurable Logic-In-Memory

Magnons, bosonic quasiparticles carrying angular momentum, can flow through insulators for information transmission with minimal power dissipation. However, it remains challenging to develop a magnon-based logic due to the lack of efficient electrical manipulation of magnon transport. Here we present a magnon logic-in-memory device in a spin-source/multiferroic/ferromagnet structure, where multiferroic magnon modes can be electrically excited and controlled. In this device, magnon information is encoded to ferromagnetic bits by the magnon-mediated spin torque. We show that the ferroelectric polarization can electrically modulate the magnon spin-torque by controlling the non-collinear antiferromagnetic structure in multiferroic bismuth ferrite thin films with coupled antiferromagnetic and ferroelectric orders. By manipulating the two coupled non-volatile state variables (ferroelectric polarization and magnetization), we further demonstrate reconfigurable logic-in-memory operations in a single device. Our findings highlight the potential of multiferroics for controlling magnon information transport and offer a pathway towards room-temperature voltage-controlled, low-power, scalable magnonics for in-memory computing

Directional Selection from Host Plants Is a Major Force Driving Host Specificity in Magnaporthe Species

One major threat to global food security that requires immediate attention, is the increasing incidence of host shift and host expansion in growing number of pathogenic fungi and emergence of new pathogens. The threat is more alarming because, yield quality and quantity improvement efforts are encouraging the cultivation of uniform plants with low genetic diversity that are increasingly susceptible to emerging pathogens. However, the influence of host genome differentiation on pathogen genome differentiation and its contribution to emergence and adaptability is still obscure. Here, we compared genome sequence of 6 isolates of Magnaporthe species obtained from three different host plants. We demonstrated the evolutionary relationship between Magnaporthe species and the influence of host differentiation on pathogens. Phylogenetic analysis showed that evolution of pathogen directly corresponds with host divergence, suggesting that host-pathogen interaction has led to co-evolution. Furthermore, we identified an asymmetric selection pressure on Magnaporthe species. Oryza sativa-infecting isolates showed higher directional selection from host and subsequently tends to lower the genetic diversity in its genome. We concluded that, frequent gene loss or gain, new transposon acquisition and sequence divergence are host adaptability mechanisms for Magnaporthe species, and this coevolution processes is greatly driven by directional selection from host plants

Exploring Cognitive Diversity and Dynamics for Effective Language Memory Retention

Spaced repetition, key for long-term memory retention through optimized review schedules based on predicted memory retention, is increasingly vital for effective language learning. Traditional methods, however, often fail to account for individual cognitive variations and material difficulty, resulting in a lack of high adaptability and effectiveness. To address this, our study introduces the Multidimensional Cognition Regression (MCR) model. MCR incorporates the Difficulty Engineering (DE) module, which integrates both objective and subjective factors to evaluate the intricacy of the content. Moreover, MCR further leverages a variety of user memory and cognitive characteristics, combined with psychological insights and machine learning techniques, to predict the memory ``half-life" of material. This approach transcends methods like Half-Life Regression proven effective on Duolingo, reducing prediction errors demonstrated by lower Mean Absolute Error. Based on the predictive modeling of memory's halflife and corresponding biological memory patterns, we opt to schedule reviews at the juncture when the memory decays to its halflife point. Empirical validation in real-world settings showed enhanced retention efficiency

Design And Implementation Of Intelligent Fog Guidance System

The fog-prone areas of expressway are mainly affected by special geographical environment, most of which occur in mountainous and hilly areas, lake depressions, remote suburbs and other places. The intelligent fog zone guidance system can automatically change the working mode according to the visibility of the environment. In addition, it can also communicate with the Information Board on the spot and announce the road condition ahead of time, so that vehicles can be reminded and guided at the front end of the road where the fog occurs and at the road where the fog occurs, which makes up for the deficiency of the traditional method

TRAIL-induced apoptosis requires Bax-dependent mitochondrial release of Smac/DIABLO

Recent reports suggest that a cross-talk exists between apoptosis pathways mediated by mitochondria and cell death receptors. In the present study, we report that mitochondrial events are required for apoptosis induced by the cell death ligand TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) in human cancer cells. We show that the Bax null cancer cells are resistant to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Bax deficiency has no effect on TRAIL-induced caspase-8 activation and subsequent cleavage of Bid; however, it results in an incomplete caspase-3 processing because of inhibition by XIAP. Release of Smac/DIABLO from mitochondria through the TRAIL–caspase-8–tBid–Bax cascade is required to remove the inhibitory effect of XIAP and allow apoptosis to proceed. Inhibition of caspase-9 activity has no effect on TRAIL-induced caspase-3 activation and cell death, whereas expression of the active form of Smac/DIABLO in the cytosol is sufficient to reconstitute TRAIL sensitivity in Bax-deficient cells. Our results show for the first time that Bax-dependent release of Smac/DIABLO, not cytochrome c, from mitochondria mediates the contribution of the mitochondrial pathway to death receptor-mediated apoptosis