Zonal Ultracentrifugation of β-Lactoglobulin and κ-Casein Complexes Induced by Heat

Abstract A zonal ultracentrifuge was used to isolate the heat-induced complexes of β -lactoglobulin and κ -casein. The complexes formed at 80C in sodium cacodylate buffer, pH 6.65, ionic strength 0.08, varied in size and composition, but moved as a single band in starch-gel electrophoresis. The maximum ratio in the complex was estimated to be 3 β -lactoglobulin:1 κ -casein. When a 1:1 mixture was heated at 110C the major component banded in 6.9% sucrose, had a sedimentation coefficient of 2.35, and moved as a single band in starch gel. At 140C, κ -casein was degraded extensively, and no complex could be detected. The complex formed at 90C from a 1:1 mixture in a synthetic serum containing calcium had a sedimentation coefficient of 39. For other mixtures in the presence of calcium the unreacted proteins could not be quantitatively separated from the complex. Zonal ultracentrifugation of heated skimmilk and colloidal calcium phosphate free milk failed to show a discrete complex peak

Preparation of κ-Casein by Gel Filtration

Abstract A procedure for the preparation of pure κ-casein by Sephadex gel filtration is described. Unreduced casein is filtered through a 2.5- by 95-cm column of Sephadex G-150 equilibrated with 0.005m triscitrate buffer, pH 8.6, containing 6 m urea. κ-Casein is excluded from the gel and emerges as a sharp peak at the void volume; all other caseins are retarded by the gel. The method is particularly suitable for preparing pure κ-casein in good yield from small quantities of whole casein, but larger amounts of κ-casein are readily prepared. The method is also suitable for the purification of κ-casein-rich preparations

Sodium fluoride influences calcium metabolism resulting from the suppression of osteoclasts in the scales of nibbler fish Girella punctata

The influence of sodium fluoride (NaF) on calcium metabolism was examined in nibbler fish (marine teleosts). Two days after the administration of NaF (5 μg/g of body weight) (around 10−4 M in fish), we showed that plasma calcium levels significantly decreased in NaF-treated nibbler fish. In addition, we detected fluoride in the treated scales by use of a scanning electron microscope with an energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis, indicating that NaF directly affects their scales. Therefore, the influence of NaF on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in the scales was examined. In the scales of NaF-injected nibbler fish, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) (osteoclastic marker enzyme) decreased, although alkaline phosphatase (osteoblastic marker enzyme) was activated. To confirm the effect of NaF on osteoclasts, furthermore, the mRNA expressions of osteoclastic markers (matrix metalloproteinase-9 and TRAP) were decreased significantly 2 days after incubation. In barred knifejaws, plasma calcium levels decreased as they did in nibbler fish. Therefore, NaF functions in both osteoblasts and osteoclasts and then influences calcium metabolism in marine fish. In the marine environment, high levels of fluoride (1.2–1.5 mg F−/l) (around 10−5–10−4 M) are present in seawater. It is probable that teleosts living in seawater efficiently use fluoride to regulate their blood calcium levels. © 2017 Japanese Society of Fisheries Science出版者照会後に全文公開 / Embargo Period 12 monthsErratum to: Sodium fluoride influences calcium metabolism resulting from the suppression of osteoclasts in the scales of nibbler fish Girella punctata (Fish Sci, 10.1007/s12562-017-1086-0)( https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12562-017-1092-

Vitamin B12 in whey prepared by coagulating milk with acid and rennet

NRC publication: N

Inhibition of lipase and lipolysis in milk with N-ethyl-maleimide

NRC publication: N

Quantitative Determination of the Major Components of Casein Mixtures by Column Chromatography on DEAE-Cellulose

Abstract Quantitative determination of the α s -, β -, and κ -casein content of casein samples has been achieved by column chromatography of alkylated samples on DEAE-cellulose in the presence of urea. Resolution of the caseins is not complete, but is reproducible within 2 or 3%, and the estimated accuracy of the method is ±5%. In contrast to methods based on determinations of sialic acid content and of turbidity, the chromatographic method is applicable to casein mixtures of widely varying composition, and is not affected by varying amounts of carbohydrate per molecule of κ -casein or by the presence of minor components such as γ -casein and temperature-sensitive caseins

View Interpolation of Multiple Cameras Based on Projective Geometry

We will show methods for interpolation of viewpoint from multiple cameras based on projective geometry. Projective relationship of multiple cameras can be obtained from weak calibration information, that can easily be corrected from the multiple view images. Such projective geometry provides sufficient information to reconstruct the 3D shape of the object with scale and projective transformation ambiguity. Since such ambiguity does not affect to 2D correspondence relationship between the multiple images, we can generate new view point images from multiple cameras by interpolating viewpoint according to the 2D correspondence relationship. We will show following approaches for interpolating the view point of multiple cameras : 1) View interpolation from 3D shape reconstruction with projective ambiguity in Projective Grid Space (PGS), 2) View interpolation of actual soccer scene taken with multiple cameras based on projective geometry

Low-molecular-weight xylanase from Trichoderma viride

An endo-1,4-beta-xylanase (1,4-beta-D-xylan xylanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.8) has been isolated from a commercial preparation of Trichoderma viride. The molecular weight was 22,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the pI value was 9.3. The xylanase was a true xylanase without cellulase activity. When the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the first 50 residues was compared with that of a xylanase from Schizophyllum commune, strong evidence for homology was found, with more than 50% amino acid identity. T. viride xylanase also possessed extensive identity with a proposed amino-terminal consensus sequence of xylanases from bacteria.NRC publication: Ye