Influence of Cu3+ on the structure of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 - BaTiO3 in the form of thin films produced by the sol - gel method

Concern for the environment has gradually increased in recent years. As a result, some materials considered aggressive to the environment have lost space, leading the industry to look for new materials. Lead compounds are commonly used as piezoelectric materials. These are applied in various technological areas, such as electronics, where they function as an active element in sensors, transducers, and generators. The bismuth sodium titanate compound Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3BaTiO3 (BNT-BT) is considered one of the most favorable substitution materials. This statement is based on its ferroelectricity, piezoelectricity and relatively high Curie temperature. This work aims to verify the influence of the chemical element copper (Cu) on the structure of BNT-BT films deposited on Pt / Ti / SiO2 / Si substrate for possible industrial applications, such as nanogenerators and energy storage devices. BNT-BT-Cu precursor solutions were prepared by the sol-gel method, obtaining good homogeneity and viscosity at room temperature. The deposition method of the precursor solutions was spin coating, due to its low cost and good homogeneity of the films in short time and low sintering temperature. The films were characterized by x - ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy.A preocupação com o meio ambiente tem aumentado gradativamente nos últimos anos. Com isso alguns materiais considerados agressivos ao meio ambiente têm perdido espaço, levando a indústria a buscar novos materiais. Os compostos à base de chumbo são utilizados normalmente como materiais piezoeléctricos. Estes são aplicados em várias áreas tecnológicas, como na eletrônica, onde funcionam como elemento ativo em sensores, transdutores e geradores. O composto titanato de sódio bismuto Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-BaTiO3 (BNT-BT), é considerado um dos materiais mais favoráveis a substituição. Esta afirmação tem como base sua ferroeletricidade, piezeletricidade e temperatura Curie relativamente alta. Este trabalho tem como objetivo verificar a influência do elemento químico cobre Cu3+ no composto de BNT-BT na forma de filme fino, depositados pelo método de sol-gel sobre substrato de Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si para possíveis aplicações de uso industrial, como nanogeradores e dispositivos de armazenamento de energia. As soluções precursoras de BNT-BT-Cu foram preparadas pelo método sol-gel, obtendo uma boa homogeneidade e viscosidade, em temperatura ambiente. O método de deposição das soluções precursoras foi o spin coating, devido a seu baixo custo e boa homogeneidade dos filmes em tempo curto e baixa temperatura de sinterização. Os filmes foram caracterizados pela técnica de difração de raios – x, microscopia eletrônica de varredura, microscopia de força atômica e espectroscopia Raman.1Nã

One-Step Sol-Gel Facile Synthesis and 3D Nanoscale Morphology Investigation of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-BaTiO3 Thin Films

Abstract: Bismuth sodium titanate, denoted as Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-BaTiO3 (BNT-BT), possessing a perovskite-like structure, has emerged as a highly prospective material in recent years. It is considered a prime contender for replacing PZT-based compounds due to its exceptional piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties, coupled with the presence of loosely bound pairs of chemically active electrons. This study delves into the micromorphological properties of BNT-BT thin film electrodes, fabricated using sol-gel spin-coating and subsequent annealing processes. Employing Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), comprehensive 2D and 3D topographical maps were acquired, enabling the extraction of pivotal parameters crucial for surface characterization. Notably, the investigation encompasses Minkowski Functionals, which encompass normalized Minkowski volume, boundary, and connectivity analyses. In conjunction, various roughness parameters, encompassing arithmetic mean height, maximum peak height, maximum valley depth, arithmetic mean depth, and the ten-point height parameter, were quantified across these analyses to facilitate a comprehensive comparison of surface morphologies among distinct samples. The morphological analysis outcome underscores the potential for elucidating material performance through microstructural shape and quantitative roughness evaluation of respective surfaces. This holds significant promise for applications such as predictive assessment of functional behavior, including industrial quality control during sample manufacturing processes

Morphology, microstructure, and electrocatalytical properties of sol-gel spin-coated Bi0.5Na0.5Ba(TiO3)2 thin films

Herein, we report, for the first time, the reduction reaction kinetics of ciprofloxacin organic molecules based on structural and micromorphological conditions of an electrocatalytic system of Bi05Na05Ba(TiO3)2 (BNT-BT) thin films. XRD analysis showed the coexistence of rhombohedral and tetragonal structures for the BNT-BT thin films annealed at 600, 650, and 700 degrees C, showing that the first one had a greater number of surface defects, which Raman spectroscopy confirmed. Analysis of the 3D micromorphological evaluation showed that an annealing temperature increase from 600 to 700 degrees C does not induce significant changes in the topographical profile. However, BNT-BT thin films annealed at 600 degrees C displayed more anisotropic surface microtexture, high spatial complexity, and low spatial frequencies. For the reactive surface of BNT-BT films, the electroanalytical assays showed that electrons from the conduction band are captured by oxygen adsorbed on the film surface, forming superoxide radicals that attack ciprofloxacin molecules, promoting their degradation. The best performance observed for the BNT-BT thin films annealed at 600 degrees C is attributed to their unique structural and micromor-phological properties compared to the films annealed at higher temperatures. Our results prove that the proposed thin film deposition process is promising for developing new electrocatalytic devices