The Effects of 3% Diquafosol Sodium Eye Drops on Tear Function and the Ocular Surface of Cu, Zn-Superoxide Dismutase-1 (Sod1) Knockout Mice Treated with Antiglaucoma Eye Medications.

Anti-glaucoma eye drop treatment often induces dry eyes and can lead to poor medication adherence. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 3% diquafosol sodium eye drops on tear function and the ocular surface epithelium in Sod1−/− mice after treatment with anti-glaucoma eye drops. The mice were divided into four groups: group 1, control group; group 2, anti-glaucoma eye drop; group 3, anti-glaucoma eye drops followed by a secretagogue eye drop (3% diquafosol); and group 4, simultaneous anti-glaucoma and secretagogue eye drop. Mice underwent assessments of tear quantity, tear film breakup time, and vital staining score. Mice in groups 3 and 4 showed significantly better tear stability and lower corneal staining scores than mice in group 2 after eye drop instillations (p < 0.05). Mice in group 4 showed significantly better tear stability, lower corneal staining scores, and higher goblet cell densities than those in group 1 after eye drop instillations (p < 0.05). The conjunctival epithelium showed stratification and abundance of Muc5AC-positive goblet cells in group 4, whereas thinning with desquamation was observed with a few goblet cells in group 2. Thus, simultaneous administration of 3% diquafosol sodium eye drops with topical anti-glaucoma drops showed favorable effects on tear stability and the corneal epithelium against the ocular surface toxicity inflicted by the anti-glaucoma eye drops

Objective classification of zonular weakness based on lens movement at the start of capsulorhexis

<div><p>Purpose</p><p>To quantify zonular weakness based on lens movement at the start of continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC) and establish a classification system for it.</p><p>Setting</p><p>Kozawa Eye Hospital and Diabetes Center, Mito, Japan.</p><p>Design</p><p>Retrospective interventional case series.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We examined 402 consecutive eyes of 316 patients who underwent CCC, phacoemulsification and aspiration (PEA), and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. The movement of the lens capsule was measured using images from video recordings of the CCC procedure. Zonular weakness was classified based on the shifted distance: Grade I, less than 0.20 mm; Grade II, 0.20–0.39 mm; and Grade III, greater than 0.40 mm. For each of these grades, we examined the use of the capsule stabilization device during PEA, the surgical procedure for lens removal, and IOL fixation.</p><p>Results</p><p>We classified 276 eyes (68.6%) as Grade I, 102 eyes (25.4%) as Grade II, and 24 eyes (6.0%) as Grade III. As the grade increased, the use of the capsule stabilization device in PEA and scleral suture fixation of IOL increased.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Zonular weakness was quantified by measuring the movement of the lens capsule. An objective classification of zonular weakness based on lens movement may be useful for selecting the appropriate device and procedure during cataract surgery.</p></div

Capsule expander (CE) and modified-capsule expander (M-CE).

<p>(A) The CE simultaneously expands the capsular equator and the edge of the continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis by a T-shaped footpad during phacoemulsification and aspiration performed in eyes with weak zonules. (B) The M-CE permanently fixates the lens capsule to the sclera with the intraocular lens inserted in the lens capsule in eyes with extensive or progressive zonular compromise.</p

Classification of zonular weakness.

<p>Classification of zonular weakness.</p

Measurement of the shifted distance of the lens in a patient with cataract.

<p>Two images were captured, one showing when the needle tip caught the anterior capsule (A) and the other showing when the needle tip tore the capsule (B; the red line indicates the tear). The margins of the needle, pupil, and cortical opacity were traced, and the two images were overlaid such that the pupillary margins coincided (C). The distance moved by the cortical opacity (white line) was calculated based on the diameter of the cystotome (yellow line).</p

Capsule stabilization device usage.

<p>Capsule stabilization device usage.</p