Gastroesophageal Reflux and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) commonly co-exist. Pathophysiological mechanisms causing IPF are still not well understood, and GERD has been implicated in both as a probable causative and disease-promoting entity. Although not conclusively proven, this relationship has been the subject of several studies, including therapeutic interventions aimed at treating GERD and its resultant effect on IPF and related outcomes. Our review aims to present the current concepts and understanding of these two disease processes, which are multifaceted. Their complex interaction includes epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, review of research studies conducted to date, and future directions for research

Risk of second primary malignancy in patients with primary myelofibrosis: a SEER database study

Prior studies report a greater incidence of second primary malignancy (SPM) among patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms, although the true risk in primary myelofibrosis (PMF) has not been elucidated. We utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to evaluate the risk of SPM in PMF patients and analyzed the effects of sociodemographic factors on the risk of SPM. Out of 5273 patients, 385 patients (7.30%) developed SPM. SPM occurred at SIR of 1.95 (95% CI 1.76–2.15) and AER of 149.01 per 10,000 population. A significantly higher incidence of melanoma (SIR 1.76, 95% CI 1.01–2.86), lymphoma (SIR 3.38, 95% CI 2.28–4.83), and leukemia (SIR 27.19, 95% CI 23.09-31.81) was observed. The risk was significantly higher in patients ≤ 60 years, males, chemotherapy recipients, within 5 years of PMF diagnosis, and for PMF diagnosed after 2009

Extract Mitigates Experimental Acute Graft versus Host Disease Without Abrogating Graft Versus Leukemia Effect

Acute graft versus host disease (aGvHD) is the major contributor of nonrelapse mortality in alloHSCT. It is associated with an inflammatory immune response manifesting as cytokine storm with ensuing damage to target organs such as liver, gut, and skin. Prevention of aGvHD while retaining the beneficial graft versus leukemia (GvL) effect remains a major challenge. Withania somnifera extract (WSE) is known for its anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory, and anticancer properties, which are appealing in the context of aGvHD. Herein, we demonstrated that prophylactic and therapeutic use of WSE in experimental model of alloHSCT mitigates aGvHD-associated morbidity and mortality. In the prophylaxis study, a dose of 75 mg/kg of WSE offered greatest protection against death due to aGvHD (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.15 [0.03-0.68], P ≤ .01), whereas 250 mg/kg was most effective for the treatment of aGvHD (HR = 0.16 [0.05-0.5], P ≤ .01). WSE treatment protected liver, gut, and skin from damage by inhibiting cytokine storm and lymphocytic infiltration to aGvHD target organs. In addition, WSE did not compromise the GvL effect, as alloHSCT with or without WSE did not allow the leukemic A20 cells to grow. In fact, WSE showed marginal antileukemic effect in vivo . WSE is currently under clinical investigation for the prevention and treatment of aGvHD

sj-docx-1-cll-10.1177_09636897241226573 – Supplemental material for Withania Somnifera Extract Mitigates Experimental Acute Graft versus Host Disease Without Abrogating Graft Versus Leukemia Effect

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-cll-10.1177_09636897241226573 for Withania Somnifera Extract Mitigates Experimental Acute Graft versus Host Disease Without Abrogating Graft Versus Leukemia Effect by Saurabh Kumar Gupta, Dievya Gohil, Mohd Bashar Momin, Subhash Yadav, Akanksha Chichra, Sachin Punatar, Anant Gokarn, Sumeet Mirgh, Nishant Jindal, Lingaraj Nayak, Lal Hingorani, Navin Khattry and Vikram Gota in Cell Transplantation</p

Perception and practices followed by AYUSH practitioners and health seekers for prevention of COVID-19: Cross-sectional analysis of an app-based data

Abstract AYUSH Sanjivani is a mobile application launched by the Ministry of AYUSH (MoA) to gather information regarding the utilization of AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy) advocacies for the prevention of COVID-19 infection. A cross-sectional analysis of the data generated through this mobile application has been performed and presented in this article to examine the acceptability and extent of utilization of AYUSH preventive measures in India. Objectives: The objectives of this cross-sectional analysis was to determine the trends of the utilization of AYUSH measures by the beneficiaries as reported by AYUSH practitioners and by the practitioners themselves for the prevention of COVID-19 and to determine the benefit obtained in terms of self-reported parameters of general well being, the overall impact on general health and in preventing the onset of flu-like symptoms. Methods: A secondary data analysis was undertaken, utilizing the cross-sectional data generated through the AYUSH Sanjivani App from May to July 2020. The responses in terms of demographic profile, utilization pattern, benefits obtained, the interventions used and the data of beneficiaries in terms of geographic location and interventions prescribed were analyzed statistically to assess the trends of the utilization of AYUSH measures for prophylaxis. Results: Data of 74,568 AYUSH physicians and 1,35,21,245 beneficiaries/health seekers whose data were reported by 3623 AYUSH practitioners were used for analysis. AYUSH advocacies/measures were utilized by 69,195 (92.8%) physicians for prophylaxis. Samshamani Vati, Chyavanprash, and Arsenicum Album-30 were the most commonly used AYUSH interventions. Improvement in terms of appetite, bowel movements, sleep, mental well being, stamina, change in pre-existing disease, and change in disposition were reported by 42400 (61.3%) physicians. Maximum beneficiaries were from the state of Gujarat followed by Madhya Pradesh. Arsenicum Album-30 was the most commonly prescribed/distributed intervention among the beneficiaries/ health seekers. Conclusion: Maximum physicians have reported having benefited from the use of AYUSH prophylactic measures for the prevention of COVID-19. Moreover, a good proportion of the Indian population was provided the AYUSH prophylactic measures as recorded in the app