Interactive effects of rice residue and water stress on growth and metabolism of wheat seedlings

In the present study effects of rice residue with and without water stress were studied on Triticum aestivum L. cv. Shatabadi. The mixture of residue and garden soil in 1:1 ratio was considered as 50% (R1) and only decomposed residue as 100% (R2). Garden soil was taken as control. Twenty five seeds were sown in each experimental trays filled with soil mixture according to the treatments. Trays were arranged in two groups. After 15 days one set was subjected to water stress (WS) by withholding water supply for 3 days. Morphological and biochemical parameters of 18 days old seedlings were recorded. Seedling height decreased in all treatments. A gradual decrease in relative water content, pigment and protein contents of wheat seedlings were observed. Sugar and proline contents increased in treatments. An increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) content and antioxidative enzyme activities was recorded. Elevation in catalase activity was observed in all treatments except in plants with water deficit. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) activities increased when residue mixed with soil but decreased in seedlings under the combined influence of the residue and water stress. Higher amount of MDA and lower activities of APX and GPX reflected the oxidative damage in seedlings under combined treatments. Rice residue inhibited growth of wheat seedlings. Water stress intensified the effects of residue

Antihyperglycemic Effect of Methanolic Extract of Aphanamixis polystachya Leaves on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

This study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic effect of methanolic extract of Aphanamixis polystachya leaves in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Wistar rats in each were divided into six groups and these animals were used for the study. In our study methanolic extract of Aphanamixis polystachya leaves was screened for antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The anti-diabetic activity was assessed using blood glucose level, body weight and various biochemical parameters like serum total cholesterol level (TC), triglyceride (TG) level, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), total protein (TP), serum alanine transaminase (SGPT) and aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT), respectively. The methanolic extract of Aphanamixis polystachya leaves exhibited an antidiabetic effect by significantly decreased the level of blood glucose, body weight, TC, TG, TP and increase HDL. The results of the study demonstrated that the treatment with methanolic extract of Aphanamixis polystachya leaves significantly (P<0.05) and dose-dependently prevented STZ-induced diabetic rats. The antioxidant property of plant phenolic and flavonoid contents present in methanolic extract of Aphanamixis polystachya leaves might be responsible for the antidiabetic activity. Keywords: Aphanamixis polystachya leaves; diabetes; streptozotoci

Perception of Investors in Stock Market: A Case Study of Bhopal Region

Investing prudently is an important part of financial security. An Individual is always seeking for such an investment alternatives which give maximum and faster returns. As it is well known fact that more returns is being accompanied by more risk. The one such alternative of these kind i.e. faster returns with more risk is the investment in stock market. It is being observed over a period of time that the individuals are attracting towards stock market due to the liquidity and multifold returns, although the proportion of loss of funds invested by the investors is also very high at some instances. Thus the present study is a small attempt to understand the basic psychology of an Investor towards stock market and other parameters and factors related to it. The study is based on a rational to understand the basic facts and ideologies an investor is carrying about the stock market in general and in specific. For the purpose of this study, Primary data has been gathered from the cross section society of Bhopal region using systematic random sampling. Data has been analyzed with the help of descriptive analysis and regression analysis

Patient based factors influencing drug compliance among hypertensive patients in a tertiary care hospital in Mysore

Background: Hypertension is deemed as the tip of the iceberg due to the mortality and morbidity associated with it. A major factor accounting for inadequate treatment of hypertension is poor compliance.Methods: Morisky 8-Item Medication Adherence Questionnaire was used for a cross sectional study. The term compliance is defined as the extent to which the patient’s behaviour coincides with the clinical prescription, implying that the patient defaults by not following the advice of the health care providerResults: Mean age of the participants was 59.2yrs (S.D. 10.37 yrs). Compliance was found to be good 71.3% of respondents, medium in 20.4% and poor in 8.3%.52.8% had one or two other ailments (diabetes, asthma etc.).Conclusions: Patient’s medication compliance is a multifactor behaviour in which the role of patient’s attitude is very important. Patients related factors known to affect compliance were equally distributed among good, medium and poorly compliant participant

Development by Using the Test Driven Approach

Test-Driven Development (TDD) is a software development technique consisting of short iterations where new test cases covering the desired improvement or new functionality are written first, then the production code necessary to pass the tests is implemented, and finally the software is refactored to accommodate changes. Test-Driven Development is related to the test-first programming concepts of Extreme Programming, begun in the late 20th century, but more recently is creating more general interest in its own right. In this paper, I am describing the test driven development cycle, development style ,benefits, limitations and how to do testing in different languages

P2P Computing Concepts and Their Discussions

Peer-to-peer is a technology concept applied at different levels of the systems architecture. Its main characteristics are direct interaction and data exchange between peer systems. It is the basis for decentralized distributed computing. The concept is widely deployed in different contexts and no formal definition exists. This paper gives an overview of the different areas peer-to-peer technology is used and introduces the main characteristics of peer-to-peer systems. It also discusses the issues and problems encountered when deploying peer-to-peer technology