Variability of Properties Characterizing Persistent Potential of Cholera Vibrio in Biofilm Communities

Represented are the results of studies on variability of properties characterizing persistent potential of V. cholerae in biofilm communities under the long-term cultivation in river water. Demonstrated is the fact that in the cold water epidemically significant cholera vibrios form thin biofilms and do not survive for the most part. But atoxigenic strains, isolated from the water, can survive in the environment both in the cold and warm time of the year due to formation of thick biofilm and realization of the persistent activity. Expressiveness of the properties studied, except antilysozyme activity (ALA), directly correlate with biofilm formation intensity. In case of ALA one observes inverse correlation

The Role of Cadaverine in Cholera Vibrio Adaptation to Stress Conditions, Induced by Hypoxia

Objective of the study is to evaluate the role of cadaverine in cholera vibrio adaptation to stress, induced by hypoxia. Materials and methods. Utilized have been 18 V. cholerae strains with different set of pathogenicity determinants. The strains are isolated from patients and from river-water. Results and conclusions. It is demonstrated that under experimental modeling of intestinal tract gas medium, cholera vibrios respond to unfavorable conditions of the environment by producing cadaverine. Its amount coincides with pathogenicity of cultures (it is higher in epidemically significant strains, than in the strains that lack genes of toxin and pilus production). It is established that the level of extracellular cadaverine production is greater than that of intracellular; but correlation of the parameters depends upon the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration in the environment. Intracellular cadaverine is mainly generated at a high oxygen concentration (10-12 %); while under extreme hypoxia

Magnetostimulated Chandges of Microhardness in Potassium Acid Phthalate Crystals

A decrease in microhardness along the (010) cleavage in potassium acid phthalate single crystals by 15--18% after the application of a permanent magnetic field was revealed for the first time. It is shown that the effect revealed is of the volume character. The role of interlayer water in the processes stimulated by a magnetic field is studied., Interlayer water plays does not cause the observed changes it only plays the part of an indicator of these changes in potassium acid phthalate crystals in a magnetic field. It is established that microhardness in the (100) plane of the crystal in an applied a magnetic field first increases by 12--15% and then remains constant in time within the accuracy of the experiment. The possibility of varying the crystal structure of potassium acid phthalate crystals by applying magnetic fields inducing rearrangement in the system of hydrogen bonds or in the defect structure is discussed.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure

Outbreak of Pneumonic Plague in 2017 on Madagascar

The causes of emergence and development of pneumonic plague outbreak in 2017 on Madagascar were analyzed. Summarized were the literature data, characterizing the spatial and biocoenotic structure of natural plague focus on Madagascar, assessed were the risk factors of plague infection among rural and urban population of the island, as well as the properties of Yersinia pestis strains isolated there in the XX century. It is substantiated that the distinctive type of plague outbreaks on Madagascar is a rural one. It is demonstrated that one of the main causes of wide spread of plague in 2017 is importation of the infection from central regions of the Republic of Madagascar into big cities with further formation of multiple epidemic foci. Confirmed was the circulation of Y. pestis strains that belong to the third branch of irradiation of oriental biovar (1.ORI3). Discussed are the issues of diagnostics and treatment of plague in epidemic foci in the territory of the Republic of Madagascar. The evidence is provided to the fact that the plague outbreak in 2017 on Madagascar is the consequence of a lower surveillance level, first and foremost undervaluation of specific and non-specific prophylaxis capacities regarding this infection

Economic socialization of a personality: definition and content of the concept

Экономическая социализация личности, при всем повышенном внимании к ней в современном российском обществознании, остается понятием крайне неопределенным. Однако теория и практика социального управления требуют корректного определения используемых понятий: без такого определения невозможно формирование нормативно-правовых управленческих актов. А это значит, что для разработки концепции экономической социализации личности необходимо соответствующее корректное определение составляющих искомую категорию понятий «экономика» и «социализация». В статье представлены теоретические положения, на основе которых произведена теоретическая разработка и определение понятий «экономика», «социализация» и «экономическая социализация личности». Цель исследования – теоретическая разработка и определение понятия «экономической социализации личности». Понятие «экономика» является составляющей более широкого понятия «хозяйство», которое, кроме нее, включает также и производственные единицы, орудия труда, правовые отношения между хозяйствующими субъектами, производственно-технологические, психологические, социологические и другие научно-исследовательские и опытно-конструкторские разработки. Экономику отличает от них управленческая функция на основе расчетно-финансовой и бухгалтерской деятельности с учетом всех результатов производства. Для «социализации» таким более широким понятием является понятие «культуры», всеобщего общественного воспроизводства, социальное наследование как передача трудовых компетенций (знаний, умений, навыков) от поколения к поколению. Отсюда следует, что экономическая социализация личности есть обретение (о(у)своение) личностью культуры хозяйствования, становление личности культурным хозяином, рачительно и эффективно использующим природные и финансовые ресурсы. Новизна исследования – в теоретическом и логическом обосновании и оригинальности определения понятия «экономическая социализация личности».Economic socialization of an individual remains an extremely uncertain concept despite all the increased attention to it in modern Russian social science. However, the theory and practice of social management require a correct definition of the concepts used, without such a definition, it is impossible to form regulatory management acts. This means that in order to develop the concept of economic socialization of an individual, it is necessary to correctly define the concepts of «economy» and «socialization» that compose the required category. The article presents the theoretical provisions which underlie the theoretical development and definition of the concepts of «economy», «socialization», and «economic socialization of an individual». The purpose of the research is the theoretical development and definition of the concept of «economic socialization». The concept of «economy» is a component of a broader concept of «industry», which, in addition to it, also contains production units, tools, legal relations between economic entities, production and technological, psychological, sociological, and other research and technological development. The peculiarity of the economy is the management function based on the financial and accounting activities given all the results of production. In the case of «socialization», this broader concept is the concept of «culture», global social reproduction, social inheritance as the transmission of labour competencies (knowledge and skills) from generation to generation. Consequently, the economic socialization of an individual is the acquisition of a culture of management by this individual, the formation of the individual as a cultural manager, prudently and effectively using natural and financial resources. The novelty of the research lies in the theoretical and logical justification and the originality of the definition of «economic socialization»