Characteristics of the participating pregnant women by presence of a stool sample result, Gem, July 2003.

<p>Abbreviations: SES: socio-economic status; MUAC: mid-upper arm circumference.</p>*<p>Chi-square test <i>P</i><0.05 comparing characteristic of women with vs. without a stool sample.</p>†<p>Trimester of pregnancy missing for 3 women; SES missing for 156 women (23.2%); years of education missing for 110 women (16.3%); water source and treatment missing for 133 women (19.8%); body mass index missing for 3 women.</p

Prevalence (%) of geohelminth infections among 390 pregnant women, Gem, July 2003.

<p>Prevalence (%) of geohelminth infections among 390 pregnant women, Gem, July 2003.</p

Factors associated with type of geohelminth infection in multivariate analysis among pregnant women, Gem, July 2003.

<p>Abbreviations: AOR: adjusted odd ratios; CI: confidence interval; NS: not significant; NA: not applicable. Variables are adjusted for the reported odds ratios in the same column.</p>*<p>Multivariate model with gravidity instead of age: Gravidae 1: AOR 0.70, 95% CI 0.36–1.37, gravidae 2 and 3: AOR 0.56, 95% CI 0.35–0.89, gravidae ≥4 as reference, malaria: AOR 0.68, 95% CI 0.44–1.05. Interaction term malaria and gravidae 2 and 3: <i>P</i> = 0.03.</p

Prevalence of geohelminth infections and odds ratios by gravidity and age group among 390 pregnant women, Gem, July 2003.

<p>OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval. Significant odds ratios are printed in bold. Malaria parasitemia is presented for comparison. The cut-off points for age and gravidity were obtained from visual inspection of the graphs above. * <i>P</i> = 0.05.</p

Prevalence of malaria by geohelminth infection and gravidity group among 390 pregnant women in Gem, July 2003.

<p>Prevalence of malaria by geohelminth infection and gravidity group among 390 pregnant women in Gem, July 2003.</p

Effects of geohelminth infections on hemoglobin, anemia, and mid upper arm circumference by type of infection and gravida group among pregnant women in Gem, July 2003.

<p>Abbreviations: AOR: adjusted odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; MUAC: mid upper arm circumference. Significant differences or odds ratios are printed in bold.</p>*<p>Models adjusted for malaria, marital status, treatment of water and a report of soil eating and other geohelminths unless indicated otherwise. Malaria, marital status, treatment of water and a report of soil eating were significantly associated with anemia and hemoglobin level in the model for all women, and for uniformity kept in the models by gravidity, even when not significant.</p>†<p>Model adjusted for malaria, water treatment and other geohelminths.</p>‡<p>Model only adjusted for other geohelminths.</p

Relationship of individual KIR gene concordance with perinatal transmission of HIV-1.

<p>Relationship of individual KIR gene concordance with perinatal transmission of HIV-1.</p

Relationship of individual KIR genes with perinatal transmission of HIV-1.

<p>Relationship of individual KIR genes with perinatal transmission of HIV-1.</p

Effect of CD4 cell count and HIV viral load on the relationship of maternal KIR2DL2, KIR2DL5, & KIR2DS5 with perinatal transmission of HIV-1.

<p>Effect of CD4 cell count and HIV viral load on the relationship of maternal KIR2DL2, KIR2DL5, & KIR2DS5 with perinatal transmission of HIV-1.</p

Characteristics of perinatal HIV-1 transmission groups.

<p>Characteristics of perinatal HIV-1 transmission groups.</p