Formation of in-volume nanogratings with sub-100 nm periods in glass by femtosecond laser irradiation

We present direct experimental observation of the morphological evolution during the formation of nanogratings with sub-100-nm periods with the increasing number of pulses. Theoretical simulation shows that the constructive interference of the scattering light from original nanoplanes will create an intensity maximum located between the two adjacent nanoplanes, resulting in shortening of the nanograting period by half. The proposed mechanism enables explaining the formation of nanogratings with periods beyond that predicted by the nanoplasmonic model.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Growing Up In Taiwan: Cultural Adjustment And Challenges For Children Of Foreign Brides

In 2010, there were over 400,000 immigrants residing in Taiwan, many of them women from Mainland China and Southeast Asia who had married a Taiwanese citizen. As a result, there has been a population boom in children of mixed nationality, and this has changed the cultural structure of Taiwan. Both non-Taiwanese residents and the children of immigrants face culture estrangement and alienation. The dominant Taiwanese ethnic group tries to impose their rules on other ethnic groups, which may result in an abuse of power that may then cause enduring pain to minority groups. This study considers the importance of culture in the lives of children of foreign brides. These children have to face individual, family, school, and societal factors that can impede their education and sense of self. In order to understand the challenges that these children may experience, this study illustrates risk factors for these children, and considers how educators can help alleviate ethnic tension and provide ethnic-related interventions to children from diverse populations

Applying The ARCS Motivation Model In Technological And Vocational Education

This paper describes the incorporation of Keller’s ARCS (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction) motivation model into traditional classroom instruction-learning process. Viewing that technological and vocational students have low confidence and motivation in learning, the authors applied the ARCS motivation model not only in the instructional design phase but also in the classroom instruction process of technological and vocational education. The purpose of the study is to demonstrate whether the application of ARCS motivation model to instructional design and classroom instruction of technological and vocational education could bring positive effects on students’ satisfaction in terms of instruction objective, instruction material/method, teacher’s qualities, class climate/environment, assessment, and overall satisfaction

USING ILLNESS NARRATIVES AS AN EMPATHETIC CONNECTION TO REPRESENT FEMALES’ SUBJECTIVE CONSCIOUSNESS: AN ANALYSIS OF “THE YELLOW WALLPAPER"

This study intended to use “The Yellow Wallpaper” as a case study to demonstrate how illness narratives can be used to form an empathetic connection with respect to patients’ anxiety, predicaments, trauma, or other health problems and, further, to reach self-identification and justification. To achieve the research objectives, the study used Charon’s illness narratives regarding attention → representation → affiliation and Engel, Zarconi, Pethel, et al.’s six narrative skills as a framework to examine how the nameless female narrator struggles to reach her own female identification and subjectivity in a gender-discriminated patriarchal hegemony, but gradually becomes hysterical, losing her mind, and finally, going insane