Demonstration of Hes-1oscillation in progenitors and analysis of its effect on differentiation in hematopoiesis

科学研究費助成事業(学術研究助成基金助成金)研究成果報告書：若手研究(B)2011-2012課題番号：2379107

Patient's Self-monitoring of Transurethral Surgical Images Using a Head-mounted Display

AbstractWe present an application of head-mounted display (HMD) to patient's self-monitoring of transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURB). Six patients wore the HMD as an imaging monitor to view the operation in real-time during their TURB. Following the operation, the patients completed a questionnaire that evaluates understanding of the state of their disease and satisfaction with the HMD. As a result, monitoring the operation in real time through the HMD helped to increase patients' understanding of the state of their disease and satisfaction. For selected patients, the use of HMD could help to increase the patient's understanding of their disease

A diagnostic support tool for lumbar spinal stenosis: a self-administered, self-reported history questionnaire

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>There is no validated gold-standard diagnostic support tool for LSS, and therefore an accurate diagnosis depends on clinical assessment. Assessment of the diagnostic value of the history of the patient requires an evaluation of the differences and overlap of symptoms of the radicular and cauda equina types; however, no tool is available for evaluation of the LSS category. We attempted to develop a self-administered, self-reported history questionnaire as a diagnostic support tool for LSS using a clinical epidemiological approach. The aim of the present study was to use this tool to assess the diagnostic value of the history of the patient for categorization of LSS.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The initial derivation study included 137 patients with LSS and 97 with lumbar disc herniation who successfully recovered following surgical treatment. The LSS patients were categorized into radicular and cauda equina types based on history, physical examinations, and MRI. Predictive factors for overlapping symptoms between the two types and for cauda equina symptoms in LSS were derived by univariate analysis. A self-administered, self-reported history questionnaire (SSHQ) was developed based on these findings. A prospective derivation study was then performed in a series of 115 patients with LSS who completed the SSHQ before surgery. All these patients recovered following surgical treatment. The sensitivity of the SSHQ was calculated and clinical prediction rules for LSS were developed. A validation study was subsequently performed on 250 outpatients who complained of lower back pain with or without leg symptoms. The sensitivity and specificity of the SSHQ were calculated, and the test-retest reliability over two weeks was investigated in 217 patients whose symptoms remained unchanged.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The key predictive factors for overlapping symptoms between the two categories of LSS were age > 50, lower-extremity pain or numbness, increased pain when walking, increased pain when standing, and relief of symptoms on bending forward (odds ratio ≥ 2, p < 0.05). The key predictive factors for cauda equina type symptoms were numbness around the buttocks, walking almost causes urination, a burning sensation around the buttocks, numbness in the soles of both feet, numbness in both legs, and numbness without pain (odds ratio ≥ 2, p < 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of the SSHQ were 84% and 78%, respectively, in the validation data set. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.797 in the derivation set and 0.782 in the validation data set. In the test-retest analysis, the intraclass correlation coefficient for the first and second tests was 85%.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>A new self-administered, self-reported history questionnaire was developed successfully as a diagnostic support tool for LSS.</p

Wavefield characterization of nearly diffraction-limited focused hard x-ray beam with size less than 10 nm

In situ wavefront compensation is a promising method to realize a focus size of only a few nanometers for x-ray beams. However, precise compensation requires evaluation of the wavefront with an accuracy much shorter than the wavelength. Here, we characterized a one-dimensionally focused beam with a width of 7 nm at 20 keV using a multilayer mirror. We demonstrate that the wavefront can be determined precisely from multiple intensity profiles measured around the beamwaist. We compare the phase profiles recovered from intensity profiles measured under the same mirror condition but with three different aperture sizes and find that the accuracy of phase retrieval is as small as 12. © 2010 American Institute of Physics.Takashi Kimura, Hidekazu Mimura, Soichiro Handa, Hirokatsu Yumoto, Hikaru Yokoyama, Shota Imai, Satoshi Matsuyama, Yasuhisa Sano, Kenji Tamasaku, Yoshiki Komura, Yoshinori Nishino, Makina Yabashi, Tetsuya Ishikawa, and Kazuto Yamauchi , "Wavefield characterization of nearly diffraction-limited focused hard x-ray beam with size less than 10 nm", Review of Scientific Instruments 81(12), 123704 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3509384

Primary tumor-secreted lymphangiogenic factors induce pre-metastatic lymphvascular niche formation at sentinel lymph nodes in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the formation of lymphvascular niches in lymph nodes of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and investigate the roles of lymphangiogenic and angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D, expressed in the primary tumors. Materials and Methods: Forty-four patients with previously untreated clinically late T2 or T3 OSCC of cN0 were evaluated for primary tumors and 166 sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs). Primary tumors were immunohistochemically analyzed for expressions of VEGFs. Densities of lymphatic vessels (LVDpodoplanin) and high endothelial venules (HEVD) in the SLNs were also calculated using antibodies for each marker, podoplanin and MECA-79, respectively. Results: In 25 patients, all lymph nodes were metastasis-negative, whereas, in 19 patients, metastasis was positive for at least one lymph node (either at SLN, non-SLN, or nodal recurrence). From the analyses of 140 SLNs without metastasis, LVDpodoplanin in 50 SLNs of metastasis-positive cases was significantly higher than that in 90 SLNs of metastasis-negative cases (p = 0.0025). HEVD was not associated with lymph node metastasis. The patients with VEGF-A-High or VEGF-D-High tumors had significantly higher LVDpodoplanin than patients with their Low counterparts (p = 0.0233 and p = 0.0209, respectively). In cases with lymph node metastasis, the VEGF-D-expression score was significantly higher than in those without lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0006). Conclusions: These results suggest that lymph node lymphangiogenesis occurs before metastasis in OSCC. VEGF-A and VEGF-D play critical roles in this process. VEGF-D is a potential predictive marker of positive lymph node metastasis in cN0 patients. © 2015 Wakisaka et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited

Flow cytometric analysis of skin blister fluid induced by mosquito bites in a patient with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection

金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系In chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection (CAEBV), ectopic EBV infection has been described in T or natural killer (NK) cells. NK cell-type infection (NK-CAEBV) is characterized by large granular lymphocytosis, high IgE levels and unusual reactions to mosquito bites, including severe local skin reactions, fever and liver dysfunction. However, the mechanisms underlying these reactions remain undetermined. Herein, we describe a patient with NK-CAEBV whose blister fluid after mosquito bites was analyzed. The patient exhibited significant increases in the percentage of CD56+ NK cells in the fluid compared with a simple mosquito allergy, in which the majority of infiltrated cells were CD203c+ cells, indicating basophils and/or mast cells. His fluid also contained CD203c+ cells, and his circulating basophils were activated by mosquito extracts in vitro. These results suggest that CD203c+ cells as well as NK cells may play pathogenic roles in the severe skin reactions to mosquito bites in NK-CAEBV. © 2009 The Japanese Society of Hematology.出版者に照会中.2010年12月より全文公開予定

Attempting to define sentinel node micrometastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma

OBJECTIVE:The aim of this supplemental study of a sentinel node (SN) biopsy (SNB) trial for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was to assess the effectiveness in identifying micrometastasis and determining whether elective neck dissection (END) is necessary. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Twenty-three patients with pathologically positive SNs were included. The sizes of the metastatic lesions in positive SNs (SMSNs) were classified and the rates of occult metastasis of non-SNs were compared. RESULTS:The patients were divided according to the SMSN:<0.2 mm (group A, n=3);0.2 mm to <2.0 mm (group B, n=7);and ≥2.0 mm (group C, n=13). The rates of occult metastasis in groups A, B, and C were 0% (0/3), 14% (1/7) and 23% (3/13), respectively. CONCLUSION:Rare cancer cell distribution to nodes other than SNs was observed in the patients with SN metastatic lesions of at least smaller than 0.2 mm in size, suggesting the possibility of defining SN micrometastasis in N0 OSCC

Clinical significance of disease-specific MYD88 mutations in circulating DNA in primary central nervous system lymphoma

Recent sequencing studies demonstrated the MYD88 L265P mutation in more than 70% of primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSL), and the clinical significance of this mutation has been proposed as diagnostic and prognostic markers in PCNSL. In contrast, mutational analyses using cell-free DNAs have been reported in a variety of systemic lymphomas. To investigate how sensitively the MYD88 L265P mutation can be identified in cell-free DNA from PCNSL patients, we carried out droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and targeted deep sequencing (TDS) in 14 consecutive PCNSL patients from whom paired tumor-derived DNA and cell-free DNA was available at diagnosis. The MYD88 L265P mutation was found in tumor-derived DNA from all 14 patients (14/14, 100%). In contrast, among 14 cell-free DNAs evaluated by ddPCR (14/14) and TDS (13/14), the MYD88 L265P mutation was detected in eight out of 14 (ddPCR) and in 0 out of 13 (TDS) samples, implying dependence on the detection method. After chemotherapy, the MYD88 L265P mutation in cell-free DNAs was traced in five patients; unexpectedly, the mutations disappeared after chemotherapy was given, and they remained undetectable in all patients. These observations suggest that ddPCR can sensitively detect the MYD88 L265P mutation in cell-free DNA and could be used as non-invasive diagnostics, but may not be applicable for monitoring minimal residual diseases in PCNSL

High efficacy of eculizumab treatment for fulminant hemolytic anemia in primary cold agglutinin disease

Letter to the Edito