Prevalence of HIV infection among the patients with an avascular necrosis of the femoral head in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Objective: To study the prevalence of HIV infection among the risk factors associated with the avascular necrosis of the femoral head in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Design: Multicenter retrospective study. Setting: Rheumatology consultations and Orthopedic-Traumatology Surgery Department Of The University Hospital Yalgado Ouédraogo, at the Medico-Surgical Private Clinic “Notre Dame de la Paix” and the Medical Center ‘Paul VI’ in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Patients and methods: The study was conducted on recorded cases from January 2007 to December 2009. All patients received during the study period for an avascular necrosis of the femoral head that was confirmed by X-ray and / or CT were included. The search for HIV antibodies was performed for all patients by the ELISA test confirmed by the Western Blot test. Results: There were 79 men (56%) and 62 women (44%). It shows a sex ratio of 1.2. The average age of patients was 43.95 ± 15.36 years with extremes of 7 and 79 years. The average duration of disease before diagnosis was 6 ± 6.5 years with extremes of 1 and 39 years. The affected area involved the left hip in 67 cases (47.5%), the right hip in 48 cases (34%) and was bilateral in 26 cases (18.5%). Among the risk factors, alcohol consumption was reported in 30/67 (44.8%), steroids in 09/67 (13.4%), sickle cell disease in 12/141 (8.5%). Six patients (4.25%) among the 141 had an HIV infection. Conclusion: HIV infection has a place among the risk factors of an avascular necrosis of the femoral head. A HIV serology test should be systematically carried out in all patients with an avascular necrosis of the femoral head in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in the absence of other risk factors. Key words: Avascular necrosis of the femoral head, HIV, sickle cell disease, sub-Saharan Africa

Tabagisme et dysfonction erectile chez les personnes vivant avec le VIH au CHU Yalgado Ouedraogo (Burkina Faso)

La dysfonction erectile (DE) est un probleme de sante publique qui altere la qualite de vie des patients. Chez les personnes infectees par le VIH, le tabagisme en association ii d'autres facteurs pourrait accroitre le risque de survenue de ce trouble. L'objectif de cette etude est de determiner la prevalence de laDE, les facteurs associes chez les fumeurs infectes par le VIH. Une etude transversale a ete menee a l'Hopital de jour du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouedraogo durant six mois. Les patients declarant etre incapables, depuis au moins trois mois, d' obtenir ou de maintenir une erection suffisante au cours de 1' activite sexuelle ont ete consideres comme souffrant de DE. Une regression logistique a ete realisee afin de determiner les facteurs associes. Nous avons inclus 104 patients  tabagiques. La prevalence de laDE etait de 55,8 %. L'age moyen de ces patients etait de 44,6 ± 7,6 ans. En analyse univariee les troubles anxio-depressifs (p = 0,017), le surpoids (p = 0,024), la dependance nicotinique (p = 0,031) et le nombre de cigarettes fumees par jour (p = 0,013) etaient associes ii la survenue de DE. La prevalence de la DE est elevee chez les personnes infectees par le VIH. Les troubles psychologiques et le tabac constituent des facteurs de risques non negligeables dans la survenue de cette pathologie, d'ou la necessite de leur prise en charge.Mots-cles : dysfonction erectile, tabagisme, infection ii VIH.Smoking and erectile dysfunction between people living with the HIV in the CHU Yalgado Ouedraogo The erectile dysfunction is a problem of public health which alters the quality of life of the patients For people infected by the HIV, smoking in association with other factors could increase the risk of arisen this disorder The objective of this study is to determine prevalence of erectile dysfunction and others factors associated between smokers infected by the HIV. A transverse study was led to the Day hospital of the University hospital Y algado Ouedraogo for six months. The declaring patients to be incapable, for at least three months, to obtain or to maintain a sufficient erection during the sexual activity were considered as suffering of erectile dysfunction. A logistic regression was realized to determine the associated factors. We included 104 smoking patients. Prevalence of erectile dysfunction was 55,8 %. The average age of these patients was of 44,6 ± 7,6 years. In univariate analysis the anxious and depressive disorders p = 0,017), the overweight (p = 0,024), the nicotine dependence (p = 0,031) and the number of cigarettes smoked a day (p = 0,013) were associated to the arisen of erectile dysfunction. Prevalence of erectile dysfunction is high between people infected by the mv. The psychological disordersand the tobacco constitute significant risk factors in the arisen of this pathology, which is necessary to be care.Keywords: Erectile dysfunction, smoking, lllV infection

Roles et taches des accompagnateurs des patients hospitalises dans le service de pneumo-phtysiologie au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouedraogo de Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

La penurie en ressources humaines de sante est un pbenomene universe! et 1' Afrique n'est pas en reste. Cette etude vise a etudier les types de soutien apporte par l'accompagnateur des patients hospitalises et les taches qui leur sont assignees dans le service de pneumo-phtysiologie du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Y algado Ouedraogo. 11 s'est agit d'une etude transversale, a passage multiples eta visee descriptive, couvrant la periode du l"'juillet au 31 decembre 2012. La contribution aux soins tels la surveillance des perfusions, 1' administration des medicaments, le depot et retrait des bilans de sante, le nursing etaient rapportes a des taux respectifs de 100 %, 78 %, 89 %, 79 %. Le soutien logistique represente par le soutien materiel, l'approvisionnement en medicaments, le nettoyage des locaux, le brancardage, occupaient des taux respectifs de 100 %, 91 %, 42% et 73 %. La sollicitation fmanciere et le soutien psychologique de 1' accompagnateur ont ete soulignes respectivement dans 68 % et 96 % des cas. Les patients hospitalises souffraient de pathologies infectieuses dans la moitie des cas. Et 72 % des accompagnateurs assistaient des patients seropositifs au Vlli dans la meconnaissance totale de leur serologie. Une sensibilisation ala prevention des infections des accompagnateurs de patients reste indispensable.Mots-cles : accompagnateur, rOle, tache, Pneumo-phtysiologie, Burkina Faso.Roles and tasks of hospitalized patients' accompanists in the PneumoPhtysiology Department of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado OUEDRAOGO, Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)The shortage of health human resources is a universal phenomenon and Africa is no exception. This study aims to investigate the types of support provided by  hospitalized patients accompanists and their assigned tasks in the Pneumo-Phtysiology department of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Y algado OUEDRAOGO, Ouagadougou, Burkina-Faso. It is about a cross-sectional study with multiple passages and descriptive aims covering the period from 1 July to 31 December 2012.  Accompanists contribution to health cares such as supervision of perfusions, medication administration, deposit and withdrawal of health checkups, and nursing were reported at respective rates of 100%, 78%, 89%, 79%. Logistical support represented by material support, drug supply, cleaning of premises, and littering occupied respectively 100%, 91%, 42% and 73%. Accompanists financial solicitations and psychological support were noticed in respectively 68% and 96% of cases. Half of Hospitalized patients were suffering from infectious diseases. And 72% of accompanists attended HIV infected patients in total ignorance of their status. A sensitization about infection prevention with patients' accompanists remains indispensable.Keywords: Accompanists, role, tasks, Pneumo-phtysiology, Burkina Faso