Good governance, social order, and development in Nigeria: The critical role of gender inclusion

This paper seeks to examine whether gender inclusion in governance is a determinant of good governance, social order, and development. This is germane to ascertain the policy implications of gender inclusiveness in the attainment of development in Nigeria. The paper utilizes secondary sources of data, archival reviews, and relevant sociological theories to advance knowledge on good governance, social order, and the need for gender inclusion in Nigeria's development agenda. The study found that good governance cannot thrive without accountability, a strong, virile, predictable, and stable legal framework. Notably, all stakeholders' collaborative efforts by gender inclusiveness are crucial for attaining good governance and social order and ultimately developing the country. This paper advocate for policy inputs on gender inclusiveness in the attainment of development goals

Phytochemical Screening, GC-MS And FTIR Analysis of Ethanol Extract of Piliostigma thonningii (schum Milne—Redth) Leaf

Communication in Physical Sciences 2020, 5(1): 22-28 Authors: Isah Yinusa and Joy Oremeyi Raphael Received 2 February 2020/Accepted 20 March 2020 The present investigation was carried out to investigate the phytoconstituent of piliostigma thonningii leaf through phytochemical screening GC-MS analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Cold extraction method was used to extract the organic constituent of the plant leaf using ethanol as a solvent. The result obtained indicated a yield of 4.6 g (3.06 %). Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoid, terpenoid, cardiac glycosides, tannins, phytosterols, phlobatannins and alkaloid. The GC-MS analyses of ethanol leaf extracts showed the presence of 64 components based on separation of individual peaks through the column with respect to retention time (Rt) and area under the respective peaks. The prominent molecular functional vibration of chemical groups was also determined. The peak at 3250.2 cm-1 was assigned to hydroxyl vibration in alcohol while the band at 2918.5cm-1, 2847.7 cm-1.  and 142.1cm-1 were attributed to the prescence of alkanes

Femoral neck fractures: A prospective assessment of the pattern, care and outcome in an orthopaedic centre

OBJECTIVE: To review the pattern of femoral neck fractures, complications and outcome following fixation with Austin-Moore endoprosthesis. METHOD: A two year prospective study in patients who had fracture of the femoral neck based on strict inclusion criteria. All the patients were treated by Austin-Moore hemiathroplasty via the classical southern approach. Complications were ocumented as they developed and probable causative factor evaluated. Minimum follow up was 32 completed weeks. OUTCOME MEASURES: Interval between surgery and mobilization, return to full activity and modification of lifestyle after surgery. RESULTS: Thirty patients were recruited, 21 males and 9 females with a mean age of 67.4 years. Twenty (66.7%) sustained injuries in a road traffic accident. Garden's grade 3 and 4 were the most common types. The presence of co-morbid factors and initial management by traditional bonesetters caused delay in instituting definitive surgery. Infective complication was the most common complication; mainly post operative wound infection (20.0%) urinary tract infection (23.3%) and upper respiratory tract infection(30.3%).Existing co-morbid factors, prolonged pre-operative stay, duration of operation and invasive ancillary procedures were responsible for these. Twenty (66.7%) patients had returned to full mobilization at 12 weeks of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Austin-Moore hemiathroplasty is the preferred choice of fixation in elderly Nigerians especially if displaced. Correction of co-morbidfacors pre-operatively, antithrombotic prophylaxis, perioperative antibiotics and early mobilization should form the cornerstone of treatment if good outcome is to be expected. KEY WORDS: Femoral neck, Austin-Moore endoprosthesis, co –morbid factor. Nigerian Journal of Orthopaedics and Trauma Vol.3(1) 2004: 42-4

Risk Factors For Wound Infections After Implant Surgery

OBJECTIVE: Post-operative wound infection (POWI) rates for implant surgery are in the range of 0.08 to 13% in spite of the many advances in surgery in the past decades. It is therefore imperative that we develop a system of predicting the occurrence of POWI as a key to effective prevention. One approach is for each hospital to identify its own risk factors as predictors of POWI. This is one of such studies. DESIGN: A controlled prospective study between August 1998 and July 2000. METHODS: Over 24 months, patients who had open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with implants were recruited based on strict inclusion criteria. POWI was diagnosed using the National Research Council Criteria as presence of pus in a wound. Patients who had bone surgery without implants formed the control. Risk factors were explored using both univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: There were 289 patients admitted into study comprising 219 in the test and 70 in the control groups. Twelve of these developed POWI corresponding to an infection rate of 5.5%. Of the eleven potential risk factors tested, pre-operative hospitalization, ward of admission, theatre suit, theatre population and duration of surgery were found to have a statistically significant association with the development of POWI. CONCLUSION: Outpatient pre-operative work-up in elective cases, reduction in operative time within safety limits and strict theatre asepsis will form veritable approaches to reducing our wound infection rates Nig Jnl Orthopaedics & Trauma Vol.2(2) 2003: 101-10

Effects of Telfairia Occidentalis Seed Oil on Female Reproductive Functions in Wistar Rats

Summary: The effects of T. occidentalis seed oil on some female reproductive indices were investigated in Wistar rats. The study was divided into two phases: (estrous cycle and pregnancy). Animals were grouped into four: group A received distilled water (control), groups B, C and D received 400, 600 and 800 mg/kg bw of T. occidentalis seed oil respectively. The pattern of estrous cycle was determined for three weeks before and during the treatment. Thereafter, each group was sub- divided into two. The sub-group-1 rats were mated with male breeders, the litter size and birth weight of their offsprings was determined. Sub-group-2 rats were sacrificed and histology of organs and serum levels of LH, FSH and estrogen were assayed. There was no significant difference between the pre-treatment and post-treatment estrous cycle length. However, there was a significant decrease in the frequency of diestrus phase during treatment in all the experimental groups when compared with pre-treatment period (p < 0.05) but there was no significant difference in the diestrus phase when compared with the control group. Serum estrogen concentration was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in the group that was treated with 800 mg/kg bw of T. occidentalis seed oil. Histology of the ovary and uterus in the experimental groups were similar to that of the control group. Birth weight of pups was significantly increased in the group treated with 600 mg/kg bw of T. occidentalis seed oil when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The results of this study suggest that T. occidentalis seed oil does not alter estrous cycle in Wistar rats.Keywords: T. occidentalis, Wistar rats, Estrous cycle, diestrus, Estrogen