ЕКСПЕРТНЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ З ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ПРИЧИН НЕСПРАВНОСТІ СИСТЕМИ АКТИВНОЇ СТАБІЛІЗАЦІЇ ACTIVE CURVE SYSTEM АВТОМОБІЛЯ MERCEDES-BENZ GLS500 4MATIC

Establishing of causes and circumstances that could affect failure of both parts individually and mechanisms generally of the “Active curve system” active stabilization system in Mercedes-benz GLS500 4MATIC cars is considered. The relevance of this scientific paper is due to novelty of installing an active stabilizer on vehicles which ensures minimal car body roll. Design, a principle of work and forensic expert research while inspection and study of the “Active curve system” active stabilization system of Mercedes-benz GLS500 4MATIC using modern equipment and research methods are presented. Measures to prevent failure of structural parts and systems are considered, which will ensure reliable and safe work of the “Active curve system” active stabilization system in the process of operation. The system allows you to keep a car within the path set by a driver in various driving modes (acceleration, braking, moving along a straight line, while road curves and free rolling). Determination of occurrence of a traffic collision is carried out by comparing actions of a driver and parameters of a car. In case when a driver’s actions (desired driving parameters) differ from the actual vehicle motion parameters, the “Active curve system” active stabilization system recognizes the situation as uncontrolled and starts working. In case of understeer, the “Active curve system” active stabilization system prevents a car from slipping out of turning trajectory by slowing down a rear inner wheel and changing an engine torque. In case of oversteer, skidding of a car during turns is prevented by slowing down a front outer wheel and changing an engine torque. Operation in this case is of a cyclical nature: pressure increase, pressure containment and pressure relief in the “Active curve system” active stabilization system. The system that combines the system of electronic stability control, steering and car suspension is called vehicle dynamics management integrated system.Розглянуто причини і обставини, які могли вплинути на вихід із ладу як деталей, так і механізмів загалом системи активної стабілізації Active curve system автомобіля Mercedes-Benz GLS500 4Matic. Актуальність цієї роботи зумовлена новизною встановлення на транспортні засоби активного стабілізатору, що забезпечує мінімальний крен кузова. Наведено конструкцію, принцип роботи й дослідження судового експерта під час огляду й обстеження системи активної стабілізації Active curve system автомобіля Mercedes-Benz GLS500 4Matic із використанням сучасних приладів і прийомів дослідження. Розглянуто заходи запобігання виходу з ладу конструктивних елементів та систем, що дасть змогу забезпечити надійну й безпечну роботу системи активної стабілізації Active curve system у процесі експлуатації

FORENSIC EXAMINATION OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF CAUSES OF FAULTS IN THE “ACTIVE CURVE SYSTEM” STABILIZATION SYSTEM OF MERCEDES-BENZ GLS500 4MATIC

Establishing of causes and circumstances that could affect failure of both parts individually and mechanisms generally of the “Active curve system” active stabilization system in Mercedes-benz GLS500 4MATIC cars is considered. The relevance of this scientific paper is due to novelty of installing an active stabilizer on vehicles which ensures minimal car body roll. Design, a principle of work and forensic expert research while inspection and study of the “Active curve system” active stabilization system of Mercedes-benz GLS500 4MATIC using modern equipment and research methods are presented. Measures to prevent failure of structural parts and systems are considered, which will ensure reliable and safe work of the “Active curve system” active stabilization system in the process of operation.&#x0D; The system allows you to keep a car within the path set by a driver in various driving modes (acceleration, braking, moving along a straight line, while road curves and free rolling). Determination of occurrence of a traffic collision is carried out by comparing actions of a driver and parameters of a car. In case when a driver’s actions (desired driving parameters) differ from the actual vehicle motion parameters, the “Active curve system” active stabilization system recognizes the situation as uncontrolled and starts working. In case of understeer, the “Active curve system” active stabilization system prevents a car from slipping out of turning trajectory by slowing down a rear inner wheel and changing an engine torque. In case of oversteer, skidding of a car during turns is prevented by slowing down a front outer wheel and changing an engine torque. Operation in this case is of a cyclical nature: pressure increase, pressure containment and pressure relief in the “Active curve system” active stabilization system. The system that combines the system of electronic stability control, steering and car suspension is called vehicle dynamics management integrated system.</jats:p

Water-saving technologies and irrigation facilities

The effectiveness of water resource use in agriculture under the current conditions of economic development in Kazakhstan is quite low because of aged irrigation techniques and technologies, as well as significant costs for water transportation. To achieve water saving in agriculture, the introduction of up-to-date irrigation techniques and water-saving technologies is required, as well as reductions in water losses in transport and other measures to increase water use productivity as water supply deficits increase. The technologies of impulse and mist irrigation, and surface watering, and technical facilities for their implementation are aimed at increasing the productivity of irrigation water use and establishing optimal conditions for plant development.</jats:p

Features of impulse sprinkling technology

The principle of non-stop water supply to plants and soil in accordance with their water intake is progressive. Drip irrigation and impulse sprinkling correspond to this principle. Drip irrigation provides optimal water and nutrient regimes directly to the root system of plants. However, this irrigation is not effective enough under conditions of high temperature (over 25–35 °C) as growth processes are known to slow down and photosynthesis to cease, consequently affecting the yielding capacity. Impulse sprinkling provides optimal moisture level in the given layer, improved microclimate in the plant environment and water regime of plants within the whole vegetation period and is most effective within daytime. Through improvement of microclimate and plants' water regime within periods of high temperature and low air humidity under the conditions of South Kazakhstan, the technology of impulse sprinkling enabled increasing productivity of a clonal rootstock mother plantation for the 3 years of research on average by 19.4% compared to regular sprinkling. The applied technology provided optimization of layers' growth and development conditions upon decrease of the moistening of the soil layer of mother plantation bushes for derogation of their water regime after hilling the grown root layers.</jats:p

ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES IN CASE OF SPILL ON RAILWAY TRANSPORT

A number of technical approaches to eliminate the contamination area in soil or ground waters were considered. Their advantages and disadvantages are also discussed