Direct synthesis iron oxide nanoparticles using ramie, lemon and dragon fruit as green and low cost approach

Plant extracts have been used as agent reduction capping to synthesise various nanoparticlesdue to the process is a low cost, large-scale method and environmental friendly. Herein, ironoxide nanoparticles were synthesized using ramie, lemon and dragon fruit extracts. Thecharacterization results show that all synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles had almost similardiameters, shape and crystalline phases although different of plants extracts were used.Among the plants, ramie has cheapest market price in which the cost production of iron oxidenanoparticles can be reduced significantly.Keywords: iron oxide nanoparticles; scanning electron microscop

Measurements of Protein-Protein Interactions by Size Exclusion Chromatography

A method is presented for determining second virial coefficients B_2 of protein solutions from retention time measurements in size exclusion chromatography (SEC). We determine B_2 by analyzing the concentration dependance of the chromatographic partition coefficient. We show the ability of this method to track the evolution of B_2 from positive to negative values in lysozyme and bovine serum albumin solutions. Our SEC results agree quantitatively with data obtained by light scattering.Comment: 18 pages including 1 table and 5 figure

Behaviour of Large Diameter Floating Bored Piles in Saprolitic Soils

In Hong Kong large diameter long bored piles and barrettes are often used to support tall buildings to resist both vertical and horizontal loads. These piles penetrate through and may be founded in saprolitic soils or rocks. Generally, the design for side shear resistance (often called skin friction) of large diameter bored piles (drilled caissons or shafts) in saprolites involves considerable uncertainty and design parameters must usually be verified by field tests. In this paper, 28 full-scale load tests on large diameter machine bored piles constructed in various saprolitic soils were reviewed in detail, in particular the degree of mobilization of side shear resistance using a mobilization rating factor. The diameter of these floating piles ranges from 1.0 m to 1.5 m and the depth from 22 m to 75 m. The authors were heavily involved in the recent construction and testing of 12 of these piles. For bored piles constructed under water, 90\% ultimate side shear resistance was mobilized at an average local pile displacement of 1.9\% of the pile diameter with a 95\% confidence range of 0.9\% to 3.0\%. For piles constructed under bentonite, ultimate side shear resistance was achieved at a local pile displacement of 1\% of the pile diameter. For non-grouted bored piles constructed under water, the mobilized side shear resistance lies between 0.5 (N) over bar and 2.0 (N) over bar (kPa) and (β) over bar values fall within 0.1 and 0.5, with average values of 1.2 (N) over bar (kPa) and 0.3 respectively. Post-grouting improves the capacity of side shear resistance by a factor of about 2 as compared with the non-grouted piles constructed under water. On the contrary, piles constructed under bentonite show a reduction of capacity of side shear resistance between 50\% and 70\% depending on the method of analysis

Thyroid hormone stimulation of autophagy is essential for mitochondrial biogenesis and activity in skeletal muscle

10.1210/en.2015-1632Endocrinology157123-3