Anatomy of the differential gluon structure function of the proton from the experimental data on F_2p

The use of the differential gluon structure function of the proton ${\cal F}(x,Q^{2})$ introduced by Fadin, Kuraev and Lipatov in 1975 is called upon in many applications of small-x QCD. We report here the first determination of ${\cal F}(x,Q^{2})$ from the experimental data on the small-x proton structure function $F_{2p}(x,Q^{2})$. We give convenient parameterizations for ${\cal F}(x,Q^{2})$ based partly on the available DGLAP evolution fits (GRV, CTEQ & MRS) to parton distribution functions and on realistic extrapolations into soft region. We discuss an impact of soft gluons on various observables. The x-dependence of the so-determined ${\cal F}(x,Q^{2})$ varies strongly with Q^2 and does not exhibit simple Regge properties. None the less the hard-to-soft diffusion is found to give rise to a viable approximation of the proton structure function F_{2p}(x,Q^2) by the soft and hard Regge components with intercepts \Delta_{soft}=0 and \Delta_{hard}\sim 0.4.Comment: 37 pages, 25 figure

Color mixing in high-energy hadron collisions

The color mixing of mesons propagating in a nucleus is studied with the help of a color-octet Pomeron partner present in the two-gluon model of the Pomeron. For a simple model with four meson-nucleon channels, color mixings are found to be absent for pointlike mesons and very small for small mesons. These results seem to validate the absorption model with two independent color components used in recent analyses of the nuclear absorption of $J/\psi$ mesons produced in nuclear reactions.Comment: 3 journal-style page

Multiparton interactions and production of minijets in high energy hadronic collisions

We discuss the inclusive cross section to produce two minijets with a large separation in rapidity in high energy hadronic collisions. The contribution to the inclusive cross section from the exchange of a BFKL Pomeron is compared with the contribution from the exchange of two BFKL Pomerons, which is induced by the unitarization of the semi-hard interaction. The effect of the multiple exchange is studied both as a function of the azimuthal correlation and as a function of the transverse momentum of the observed minijets.Comment: TeX file, 20 pages, 4 figures available on reques

The QCD description of diffractive processes

We review the application of perturbative QCD to diffractive processes. We introduce the two gluon exchange model to describe diffractive qq(bar) and qq(bar)g production in deep inelastic scattering. We study the triple Regge limit and briefly consider multiple gluon exchange. We discuss diffractive vector meson production at HERA both at t = 0 and large |t|. We demonstrate the non-factorization of diffractive processes at hadron colliders.Comment: 39 pages, 14 figures, LaTeX, new references added and some discussion clarifie

C-reactive protein as an indicator of polymorbidity in patients with arterial hypertension

Aim of the study was to investigate the role of C-reactive protein as an indicator of multimorbidity in patients with arterial hypertension.Material and methods. A retrospective archival study of the data of 1958 patients with arterial hypertension who were examined and treated at the clinic of the Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine (Novosibirsk) was carried out. 2 groups of patients were allocated depending on the concentration of C-reactive protein in the blood serum: normal and elevated (> 5 mg/l). A comparative analysis of the severity of polymorbidity, as well as clinical, laboratory and biochemical parameters in the selected groups were carried out.Results. It has been established that patients with arterial hypertension with elevated values of C-reactive protein had higher rates of transnosological and transsystemic polymorbidity, accompanied by changes in lipid, carbohydrate and purine metabolism (a decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, an increase in the concentration of glucose and uric acid in blood serum, an increase in the index atherogenicity), as well as an increase in the content of fibrinogen in the blood serum.Conclusions. The concentration of C-reactive protein in the blood serum can serve as a biochemical marker of polymorbidity in patients with arterial hypertension

ZYMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF WATER-SOLUBLE PROTEASES OF VIBRIO CHOLERAE O1 AND О139 SEROGROUPS

Aim. Zymographic analysis of water-soluble proteases of Vibrio cholerae O1 и О139 serogroups. Materials and methods. Bacteria cultivated on a casein-yeast agar (рН 7,6) at 37 ° with during one twenty-four hours and washed off physiological solution. Bacterial mass (by the concentration of 109 cell./ml) was treatment by sterile solution of urea in an eventual concentration 4,5 М. After day's display and determination of sterility of got lysate insoluble in urea material (cell walls) was deleted by high-speed centrifugation. Supernatant liquid was exposed to the dialysis, released from insoluble in water sediment centrifugation and freeze dried out. Protease activity was determined in diffusion test in 1 % agarose gel, containing 0,5 % gelatin or 0,5% casein. The spectrum of proteases was analysed by a substrate electrophoresis in the blocks of 8% polyacrylamide gel, impregnated in the process of polymerization gelatin or casein (in an eventual concentration 0,1 %), in presence the dodecylsulphate of sodium. Results. After differential centrifugation of ureal lysate of cells and dialysis there are mainly intracellular water-soluble proteases in the investigated extracts. Diffusion tests showed that all preparations of the investigated strains of Vibrio cholerae possessed protease activity of different intensity. Changing of substrate in diffusion test from gelatin to the casein resulted in the general diminishing of the registered areas of hydrolysis, specifying that a casein fissions less actively by comparison to gelatin. Substrate electrophoresis showed that proteins, making the spectrum of water-soluble pro teases of Vibrio cholerae are extracted by urea, possessed molecular mass, varying within from less than 30 кйа to more than 120 кDа. Strains distinctions are marked in quantitative and high-quality description of spectrums of soluble proteases. Dependence of description of type of water-soluble proteases is educed on used substrate. At the estimation of spectrums of proteases clear confirmation is got, that on gels are impregnated by gelatin electrophoretic mobility of proteases is higher, than in gels, containing a casein. Conclusion. Substrate electrophoresis of preparations of cell-free lysates of Vibrio cholerae showed the presence of a few water-soluble proteases, quantitative and high-quality interstrain distinctions, dependence of spectrum of active proteases from of used substrate

Role of brain natriuretic peptide in the pathogenesis of resistant hypertension

Modern medicine has successfully used the N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) as a biomarker for many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). According to a number of studies, NT-proBNP may also play a role in the development of resistant hypertension (RH), but the existing work addresses this issue only indirectly. In turn, RH causes serious damage to the economic and social spheres, worsening the quality of life of patients. Thus, the complexity of verification and treatment of RH, the inconsistency of the described associations of NT-proBNP and RH makes this topic more relevant than ever

Оценка влияния метформина и терапии другими сахароснижающими препаратами на исходы заболевания при остром коронарном синдроме у пациентов с сахарным диабетом второго типа

Aim. To study the influence of hypoglycemic therapy on hospital and long-term prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and diabetes type 2.Methods. The study included 63 patients with ACS and type 2 diabetes. All patients had a clinical examination, assessment of mortality risk and myocardial infarction on GRACE scale (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) and TIMI (Thrombolisis In Myocardial Infarction) in-hospital and six months after hospitalization.Results. Metformin is associated with a lower estimated risk of in-hospital mortality and within 6 months after discharge in patients with acute coronary syndrome on the background of type 2 diabetes and with less risk of adverse cardiovascular events within 14 days of their occurrence in patients with unstable angina pectoris on the background of diabetes. High daily doses of metformin have also been associated with a decrease in the estimated risk of in-hospital mortality and within 6 months after discharge in patients with ACS associated with diabetes. The inverse association between the daily dosage of metformin and the presence of angina pectoris in patients with ACS and diabetes type 2 indicates a protective effect of metformin high daily dosages in relation to the risk of complications within six months after the discharge from hospital.Conclusion. One of the important aspects of ACS treatment, along with effective therapy, is the impact on concomitant risk factors, including blood glucose control. The main groups of hypoglycemic drugs have currently been identified; their effect on cardiovascular events, long-term effects and long-term prognosis are being investigated.Цель. Оценить влияние метформина и других сахароснижающих препаратов на госпитальный и долгосрочный прогноз у пациентов с острым коронарным синдромом (ОКС) на фоне сахарного диабета 2-го типа (СД 2).Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 63 пациента с ОКС и СД 2. Всем больным проведено клиническое обследование, оценка риска летальности и развития инфаркта миокарда по шкалам GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events), TIMI (Thrombolisis In Myocardial Infarction) на госпитальном этапе и через 6 мес. после госпитализации.Результаты. Прием метформина ассоциирован с меньшим расчетным риском внутригоспитальной летальности и летальности в течение 6 мес. после выписки среди больных ОКС на фоне СД 2, а также меньшим риском наступления неблагоприятных сердечно-сосудистых событий в течение 14 дней после их возникновения у пациентов с нестабильной стенокардией на фоне СД 2. Высокие суточные дозировки метформина также показали ассоциацию со снижением расчетного риска внутригоспитальной летальности и летальности в течение 6 мес. после выписки среди пациентов с ОКС на фоне СД 2. Обратная ассоциация между суточной дозировкой метформина и стенокардией (боль в груди, одышка) у больных ОКС и СД 2 свидетельствует о протективном эффекте высоких суточных дозировок метформина в отношении риска осложнений в течение полугода после выписки.Заключение. Наряду с эффективной терапией одним из важных аспектов лечения ОКС является воздействие на сопутствующие факторы риска, в том числе контроль уровня глюкозы крови. В настоящее время определены основные группы сахароснижающих препаратов, исследуют их влияние на сердечно-сосудистые события, отдаленные эффекты и долгосрочный прогноз. Результаты представленной работы свидетельствуют о наличии кардиопротективных эффектов метформина и указывают на необходимость дальнейшего изучения метформина для подтверждения преимущества применения препарата с целью вторичной профилактики среди пациентов с ОКС и СД 2