306 research outputs found
B -> J/psi K^* Decays in QCD Factorization
The hadronic decay B -> J K^* is analyzed within the framework of QCD
factorization. The spin amplitudes A_0, A_\parallel and A_\perp in the
transversity basis and their relative phases are studied using various
different form-factor models for B-K^* transition. The effective parameters
a_2^h for helicity h=0,+,- states receive different nonfactorizable
contributions and hence they are helicity dependent, contrary to naive
factorization where a_2^h are universal and polarization independent. QCD
factorization breaks down even at the twist-2 level for transverse hard
spectator interactions. Although a nontrivial strong phase for the A_\parallel
amplitude can be achieved by adjusting the phase of an infrared divergent
contribution, the present QCD factorization calculation cannot say anything
definite about the phase phi_\parallel. Unlike B -> J/psi K decays, the
longitudinal parameter a_2^0 for B -> J/psi K^* does not receive twist-3
corrections and is not large enough to account for the observed branching ratio
and the fraction of longitudinal polarization. Possible enhancement mechanisms
for a_2^0 are discussed.Comment: 21 pages, 1 figure, a table and a reference added, some typos
correcte
Neutrinos in Non-linear Structure Formation - a Simple SPH Approach
We present a novel method for implementing massive neutrinos in N-body
simulations. Instead of sampling the neutrino velocity distribution by
individual point particles we take neutrino free-streaming into account by
treating it as an effective redshift dependent sound speed in a perfect
isothermal fluid, and assume a relation between the sound speed and velocity
dispersion of the neutrinos. Although the method fails to accurately model the
true neutrino power spectrum, it is able to calculate the total matter power
spectrum to the same accuracy as more complex hybrid neutrino methods, except
on very small scales. We also present an easy way to update the publicly
available Gadget-2 version with this neutrino approximation.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figure
Search for TeV Scale Physics in Heavy Flavour Decays
The subject of heavy flavour decays as probes for physics beyond the TeV
scale is covered from the experimental perspective. Emphasis is placed on the
more traditional Beyond the Standard Model topics that have potential for
impact in the short term, with the physics explained. We do unabashedly promote
our own phemonenology work.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures (now fixed); Submitted for the SUSY07 proceeding
Soft end-point and mass corrections to the eta' g*g* vertex function
Power-suppressed corrections arising from end-point integration regions to
the space-like vertex function of the massive eta'-meson virtual gluon
transition eta' - g*g* are computed. Calculations are performed within the
standard hard-scattering approach (HSA) and the running coupling method
supplemented by the infrared renormalon calculus. Contributions to the vertex
function from the quark and gluon contents of the eta' -meson are taken into
account and the Borel resummed expressions for F_{eta' g*g*}(Q2,\omega ,\eta),
as well as for F_{eta' g g*}}(Q^{2},\omega =\pm 1,\eta) and F_{eta'
g*g*}(Q^{2},\omega =0,\eta) are obtained. It is demonstrated that the
power-suppressed corrections \sim (\Lambda ^{2}/Q^{2})^{n}, in the explored
range of the total gluon virtuality 1 <Q2 < 25 GeV2, considerably enhance the
vertex function relative to the results found in the framework of the standard
HSA with a fixed coupling. Modifications generated by the eta ' -meson mass
effects are discussed
Criticality of the Mean-Field Spin-Boson Model: Boson State Truncation and Its Scaling Analysis
The spin-boson model has nontrivial quantum phase transitions at zero
temperature induced by the spin-boson coupling. The bosonic numerical
renormalization group (BNRG) study of the critical exponents and
of this model is hampered by the effects of boson Hilbert space
truncation. Here we analyze the mean-field spin boson model to figure out the
scaling behavior of magnetization under the cutoff of boson states . We
find that the truncation is a strong relevant operator with respect to the
Gaussian fixed point in and incurs the deviation of the exponents
from the classical values. The magnetization at zero bias near the critical
point is described by a generalized homogeneous function (GHF) of two variables
and . The universal function has a
double-power form and the powers are obtained analytically as well as
numerically. Similarly, is found to be a GHF of
and . In the regime , the truncation produces no effect.
Implications of these findings to the BNRG study are discussed.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figure
Sterile neutrinos with eV masses in cosmology -- how disfavoured exactly?
We study cosmological models that contain sterile neutrinos with eV-range
masses as suggested by reactor and short-baseline oscillation data. We confront
these models with both precision cosmological data (probing the CMB decoupling
epoch) and light-element abundances (probing the BBN epoch). In the minimal
LambdaCDM model, such sterile neutrinos are strongly disfavoured by current
data because they contribute too much hot dark matter. However, if the
cosmological framework is extended to include also additional relativistic
degrees of freedom -- beyond the three standard neutrinos and the putative
sterile neutrinos, then the hot dark matter constraint on the sterile states is
considerably relaxed. A further improvement is achieved by allowing a dark
energy equation of state parameter w<-1. While BBN strongly disfavours extra
radiation beyond the assumed eV-mass sterile neutrino, this constraint can be
circumvented by a small nu_e degeneracy. Any model containing eV-mass sterile
neutrinos implies also strong modifications of other cosmological parameters.
Notably, the inferred cold dark matter density can shift up by 20 to 75%
relative to the standard LambdaCDM value.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures, v2: minor changes, matches version accepted for
publication in JCA
Exploring CP Violation through Correlations in B --> pi K, B_d --> pi^+pi^-, B_s --> K^+K^- Observable Space
We investigate allowed regions in observable space of B --> pi K, B_d -->
pi^+pi^- and B_s --> K^+K^- decays, characterizing these modes in the Standard
Model. After a discussion of a new kind of contour plots for the
system, we focus on the mixing- induced and direct CP asymmetries of the decays
B_d --> pi^+pi^- and B_s--> K^+K^-. Using experimental information on the
CP-averaged B_d --> pi^{+/-}K^{+/-} and B_d --> pi^+pi^- branching ratios, the
relevant hadronic penguin parameters can be constrained,implying certain
allowed regions in observable space. In the case of B_d --> pi^+pi^-, an
interesting situation arises now in view of the recent B-factory measurements
of CP violation in this channel, allowing us to obtain new constraints on the
CKM angle gamma as a function of the B^0_d--\bar{B^0_d} mixing phase
phi_d=2beta, which is fixed through A_{CP}^{mix}(B_d --> J/psi K_S) up to a
twofold ambiguity. If we assume that A_{CP}^{mix}(B_d --> pi^+pi^-) is
positive, as indicated by recent Belle data, and that phi_d is in agreement
with the ``indirect'' fits of the unitarity triangle, also the corresponding
values for gamma around 60 degrees can be accommodated. On the other hand, for
the second solution of phi_d, we obtain a gap around gamma ~ 60 degrees. The
allowed region in the space of A_{CP}^{mix}(B_s --> K^+K^-) and
A_{CP}^{dir}(B_s --> K^+K^-) is very constrained in the Standard Model, thereby
providing a narrow target range for run II of the Tevatron and the experiments
of the LHC era.Comment: 34 pages, LaTeX, 12 figures. More detailed introduction and a few
Comments added, conclusions unchanged. To appear in Phys. Rev.
Phenomenological Analysis of B->PP Decays with QCD Factorization
In this paper, we study nonleptonic charmless B decays to two light
pseudoscalar mesons within the frame of QCD factorization, including the
contributions from the chirally enhanced power corrections and weak
annihilation. Predictions for the CP-averaged branching ratios and CP-violating
asymmetries are given. Within the reasonable range of the parameters, we find
that our predictions for the branching ratios of B -> PP are consistent with
the present experimental data. But because of the logarithmic divergences at
the endpoints in the hard spectator scatterings and weak annihilation, there
are still large uncertainties in these predictions.Comment: 34 pages, 5 figures. to appear in PR
Elastic and inelastic SU(3)-breaking final-state interactions in B decays to pseudoscalar mesons
We discuss all contributions from Zweig-rule-satisfying SU(3)-breaking final
state interactions (FSIs)in the B -> PP decays (neglecting charmed intermediate
states), where PP=pi pi, pi K, KK, pi eta (eta'), and K eta (eta'). First,
effects of SU(3) breaking in rescattering through Pomeron exchange are studied.
Then, after making a plausible assumption concerning the pattern of SU(3)
breaking in non-Pomeron FSIs, we give general formulas for how the latter
modify short-distance (SD) amplitudes. In the SU(3) limit, these formulas
depend on three effective parameters characterizing the strength of all
non-Pomeron rescattering effects. We point out that the experimental bounds on
the B -> K^+K^- branching ratio may limit the value of only one of these FSI
parameters. Thus, the smallness of the B -> K^+K^- decay rate does not imply
negligible rescattering effects in other decays. Assuming a vanishing value of
this parameter, we perform various fits to the available B -> PP branching
ratios. The fits determine the quark-diagram SD amplitudes, the two remaining
FSI parameters and the weak angle gamma. While the set of all B -> PP branching
ratios is well described with gamma around its expected SM value, the fits
permit other values of gamma as well. For a couple of such good fits, we
predict asymmetries for the B -> K pi, pi^+ eta (eta'), K^+ eta (eta') decays
as well as the values of the CP-violating parameters S_{pi pi} and C_{pi pi}
for the time-dependent rate of B^0(t) -> pi^+ pi^-. Apart from a problem with
the recent B^+ -> pi^+ eta asymmetry measurement, comparison with the data
seems to favour the values of gamma in accordance with SM expectations.Comment: 27 pages, 5 figure
Charmless decays using flavor SU(3) symmetry
The decays of mesons to a pair of charmless pseudoscalar () mesons are
analyzed within a framework of flavor SU(3). Symmetry breaking is taken into
account in tree () amplitudes through ratios of decay constants; exact SU(3)
is assumed elsewhere. Acceptable fits to and
branching ratios and CP asymmetries are obtained with tree, color-suppressed
(), penguin (), and electroweak penguin () amplitudes. Crucial
additional terms for describing processes involving and include
a large flavor-singlet penguin amplitude () as proposed earlier and a
penguin amplitude associated with intermediate and quarks. For
the mode a term associated with intermediate
and quarks also may be needed. Values of the weak phase are
obtained consistent with an earlier analysis of decays, where
denotes a vector meson, and with other analyses of CKM parameters.Comment: 26 pages, 1 figure. To be submitted to Phys. Rev. D. Reference
update
- …