Effective Theory Approach to the Skyrme model and Application to Pentaquarks

The Skyrme model is reconsidered from an effective theory point of view. From the most general chiral Lagrangian up to including terms of order $p^4$, $N_c$ and $\delta m^2$ ($\delta m\equiv m_s-m$), new interactions, which have never been considered before, appear upon collective coordinate quantization. We obtain the parameter set best fitted to the observed low-lying baryon masses, by performing the second order perturbative calculations with respect to $\delta m$. We calculate the masses and the decay widths of the other members of (mainly) anti-decuplet pentaquark states. The formula for the decay widths is reconsidered and its baryon mass dependence is clarified.Comment: 65 pages, 1 figure. Revised version:the complete second order perturbative calculations performed and two appendices adde

Redox functionality mediated by adsorbed oxygen on a Pd-oxide film over a Pd(100) thin structure: A first-principles study

Stable oxygen sites on a PdO film over a Pd(100) thin structures with a (sqrt{5} times sqrt{5}) R27^circ surface-unit cell are determined using the first-principles electronic structure calculations with the generalized gradient approximation. The adsorbed monatomic oxygen goes to a site bridging two 2-fold-coordinated Pd atoms or to a site bridging a 2-fold-coordinated Pd atom and a 4-fold-coordinated Pd atom. Estimated reaction energies of CO oxidation by reduction of the oxidized PdO film and N_2O reduction mediated by oxidation of the PdO film are exothermic. Motion of the adsorbed oxygen atom between the two stable sites is evaluated using the nudged elastic band method, where an energy barrier for a translational motion of the adsorbed oxygen may become sim 0.45 eV, which is low enough to allow fluxionality of the surface oxygen at high temperatures. The oxygen fluxionality is allowed by existence of 2-fold-coordinated Pd atoms on the PdO film, whose local structure has similarity to that of Pd catalysts for the Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling. Although NO_x (including NO_2 and NO) reduction is not always catalyzed only by the PdO film, we conclude that there may happen continual redox reactions mediated by oxygen-adsorbed PdO films over a Pd surface structure, when the influx of NO_x and CO continues, and when the reaction cycle is kept on a well-designed oxygen surface.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, submitted to J. Phys. Condens. Matte

Scanning Electron Microscopic Observation of the Crista Ampullaris

The crista ampullaris of the guinea pig and the bull frog were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The crista ampullaris were freeze fractured or sheared followed by maceration with 0.1% OsO4 solution. Following this, three-dimensional intracellular structures were observed. The mitochondria of the sensory cells varied in shape from globular to long and slender. Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum of the sensory cells were also demonstrated clearly. Nerve elements, nerve endings and synaptic structures were also observed stereoscopically

Development of a space stable thermal control coatings for use in large space vehicles

The preparation and evaluation of zinc orthotitanate and of several new pigments and the environmental testing and evaluation of these pigments and of coatings made from them constitute the bulk of the work accomplished. New pigments were prepared and EPR spectra of pigments and their precursor compounds studied. Results of extensive testing of commercially-available, strippable, protective coatings are reported; Owens-Illinois 650 glass resin has been stabilized against progressive mechanical failures; and definite improvements have been noted. A zinc oxide pigmented lithium silicate paint has demonstrated very good ultraviolet stability

Wilsonian Matching of Effective Field Theory with Underlying QCD

We propose a novel way of matching effective field theory with the underlying QCD in the sense of a Wilsonian renormalization group equation (RGE). We derive Wilsonian matching conditions between current correlators obtained by the operator product expansion in QCD and those by the hidden local symmetry (HLS) model. This determines without much ambiguity the bare parameters of the HLS at the cutoff scale in terms of the QCD parameters. Physical quantities for the pi and rho system are calculated by the Wilsonian RGE's from the bare parameters in remarkable agreement with the experiment.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, Minor corrections. This is the version to appear in Physical Review

The Morphological Changes in the Vestibular Sensory Epithelia Following Electrical Stimulation

The morphological changes of the vestibular sensory epithelia of the guinea pig following electrical stimulation were investigated using scanning electron microscope. Positive and negative square wave pulse stimulation was given through a silver ball electrode placed on the round window membrane for one hour. The current intensities used were 100, 200 and 300 A. While the direct current stimulation at intensities of 100 or 200 A did not cause any significant changes, severe damage of the utricular macula and the ampullar crista of the lateral semicircular canal was observed at 300 A. The degenerative changes such as fusion of sensory hairs, protrusion of the cuticular plate and loss of sensory cells were found on both the utricle and the semicircular canal. In the most severely damaged area, the sensory epithelial surface was badly torn apart. In the clinical application of direct current to the inner ear for relieving tinnitus, special attention should be paid to the vestibular organ

Evidence for ferromagnetic spin-pairing superconductivity in UGe2_2: A 73^{73}Ge-NQR study under pressure

We report that a novel type of superconducting order parameter has been realized in the ferromagnetic states in UGe$_2$ via $^{73}$Ge nuclear-quadrupole-resonance (NQR) experiments performed under pressure ($P$). Measurements of the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate $(1/T_1)$ have revealed an unconventional nature of superconductivity such that the up-spin band is gapped with line nodes, but the down-spin band remains gapless at the Fermi level. This result is consistent with that of a ferromagnetic spin-pairing model in which Cooper pairs are formed among ferromagnetically polarized electrons. The present experiment has shed new light on a possible origin of ferromagnetic superconductivity, which is mediated by ferromagnetic spin-density fluctuations relevant to the first-order transition inside the ferromagnetic states.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure