1,342 research outputs found
Field-only integral equation method for time domain scattering of electromagnetic pulses
The scattering of electromagnetic pulses is described using a non-singular
boundary integral method to solve directly for the field components in the
frequency domain, and Fourier transform is then used to obtain the complete
space-time behavior. This approach is stable for wavelengths both small and
large relative to characteristic length scales. Amplitudes and phases of field
values can be obtained accurately on or near material boundaries. Local field
enhancement effects due to multiple scattering of interest to applications in
microphotonics are demonstrated.Comment: 7 pages, 9 figure
Prediction of Stable Ground-State Lithium Polyhydrides under High Pressures
Hydrogen-rich compounds are important for understanding the dissociation of
dense molecular hydrogen, as well as searching for room temperature
Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superconductors. A recent high pressure
experiment reported the successful synthesis of novel insulating lithium
polyhydrides when above 130 GPa. However, the results are in sharp contrast to
previous theoretical prediction by PBE functional that around this pressure
range all lithium polyhydrides (LiHn (n = 2-8)) should be metallic. In order to
address this discrepancy, we perform unbiased structure search with first
principles calculation by including the van der Waals interaction that was
ignored in previous prediction to predict the high pressure stable structures
of LiHn (n = 2-11, 13) up to 200 GPa. We reproduce the previously predicted
structures, and further find novel compositions that adopt more stable
structures. The van der Waals functional (vdW-DF) significantly alters the
relative stability of lithium polyhydrides, and predicts that the stable
stoichiometries for the ground-state should be LiH2 and LiH9 at 130-170 GPa,
and LiH2, LiH8 and LiH10 at 180-200 GPa. Accurate electronic structure
calculation with GW approximation indicates that LiH, LiH2, LiH7, and LiH9 are
insulative up to at least 208 GPa, and all other lithium polyhydrides are
metallic. The calculated vibron frequencies of these insulating phases are also
in accordance with the experimental infrared (IR) data. This reconciliation
with the experimental observation suggests that LiH2, LiH7, and LiH9 are the
possible candidates for lithium polyhydrides synthesized in that experiment.
Our results reinstate the credibility of density functional theory in
description H-rich compounds, and demonstrate the importance of considering van
der Waals interaction in this class of materials.Comment: 34 pages, 15 figure
Magnetic properties of transition-metal-doped Zn1−xTxO (T=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) thin films with and without intrinsic defects: A density functional study
Theoretical calculations based on density-functional theory and generalized gradient approximation have been carried out in studying the electronic structure and magnetic properties of transition-metal-doped Zn1−xTxO (T=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) (112¯0) thin films systematically with and without intrinsic point defects (e.g., vacancies and interstitials), and as function of concentration and distribution of dopants and vacancies. Using large supercells and geometry optimization without symmetry constraint, we are able to determine the sites that metal atoms prefer to occupy, their tendency to cluster, the preferred magnetic coupling between magnetic moments at transition-metal sites, and the effect of intrinsic point defects on the nature of their coupling. Except for Mn atom, which distributes uniformly in ZnO thin films in dilute condition, transition-metal atoms occupying Zn sites prefer to reside on the surface and couple antiferromagnetically. The presence of native point defects has a large effect on the ground-state magnetic structure. In particular, p-type defects such as Zn vacancies play a crucial role in tuning and stabilizing ferromagnetism in Zn1−xTxO thin films (T=Cr, Mn, Fe, and Ni), while n-type defects such as O vacancies or Zn interstitials greatly enhance the ferromagnetic coupling in Zn1−xCoxO thin films. The present study provides a clear insight into the numerous conflicting experimental results on the magnetic properties of T-doped ZnO systems
Magnetic properties of transition-metal-doped Zn1-xTxO (T=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) thin films with and without intrinsic defects: A density functional study
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