ASPEK SANITASI DAN HIGIENE DI KANTIN ASRAMA TINGKAT PERSIAPAN BERSAMA (TPB) INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR

The major purpose of this research was to analyze sanitation and hygiene at TPB - IPB Dormitory’s Canteens. Microbiological analysis (sanitation analysis) was done on chef’s hands and some utensils (eating plate, serving plate, and chopping board). There were a lot of Staphylococcusfound in food handler’s hands (19-57 CFU). This research showed that there was no tendency which was the worst canteen from the three canteens at boy’s dormitory or girl’s dormitory. The statistical analysis showed that the location of the canteen and kind of utensils influenced the total Enterobacter. The chef’s hands of C1 and A3 canteens contained E. coli bacteria, but the other chef’s hands, did not. Eating plate, serving plate, and chopping board from Canteens A3 and C1 were not safe due to the number of microbes they had (1.08x102-3.6x102 CFU/cm2). All utensils at canteen A1 were safe. C2’s and C3’s chopping boards were not safe, but their eating plate and serving plate were safe

Reactive oxygen species and male reproductive hormones

Reports of the increasing incidence of male infertility paired with decreasing semen quality have triggered studies on the effects of lifestyle and environmental factors on the male reproductive potential. There are numerous exogenous and endogenous factors that are able to induce excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) beyond that of cellular antioxidant capacity, thus causing oxidative stress. In turn, oxidative stress negatively affects male reproductive functions and may induce infertility either directly or indirectly by affecting the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and/or disrupting its crosstalk with other hormonal axes. This review discusses the important exogenous and endogenous factors leading to the generation of ROS in different parts of the male reproductive tract. It also highlights the negative impact of oxidative stress on the regulation and cross-talk between the reproductive hormones. It further describes the mechanism of ROS-induced derangement of male reproductive hormonal profiles that could ultimately lead to male infertility. An understanding of the disruptive effects of ROS on male reproductive hormones would encourage further investigations directed towards the prevention of ROS-mediated hormonal imbalances, which in turn could help in the management of male infertility

ASPEK SANITASI DAN HIGIENE DI KANTIN ASRAMA TINGKAT PERSIAPAN BERSAMA (TPB) INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR

800x600 Normal 0 false false false IN X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 The major purpose of this research was to analyze sanitation and hygiene at TPB - IPB Dormitory’s Canteens. Microbiological analysis (sanitation analysis) was done on chef’s hands and some utensils (eating plate, serving plate, and chopping board). There were a lot of Staphylococcus found in food handler’s hands (19-57 CFU). This research showed that there was no tendency which was the worst canteen from the three canteens at boy’s dormitory or girl’s dormitory. The statistical analysis showed that the location of the canteen and kind of utensils influenced the total Enterobacter. The chef’s hands of C1 and A3 canteens contained E. coli bacteria, but the other chef’s hands, did not. Eating plate, serving plate, and chopping board from Canteens A3 and C1 were not safe due to the number of microbes they had (1.08x102-3.6x102 CFU/cm2). All utensils at canteen A1 were safe. C2’s and C3’s chopping boards were not safe, but their eating plate and serving plate were safe. Keywords: sanitation, hygiene, Dormitory’s Canteen, microbiology test, utensil</em

Sulfinylated Azadecalins act as functional mimics of a pollen germination stimulant in Arabidopsis pistils

Polarized cell elongation is triggered by small molecule cues during development of diverse organisms. During plant reproduction, pollen interactions with the stigma result in the polar outgrowth of a pollen tube, which delivers sperm cells to the female gametophyte to effect double fertilization. In many plants, pistils stimulate pollen germination. However, in Arabidopsis, the effect of pistils on pollen germination and the pistil factors that stimulate pollen germination remain poorly characterized. Here, we demonstrate that stigma, style, and ovules in Arabidopsis pistils stimulate pollen germination. We isolated an Arabidopsis pistil extract fraction that stimulates Arabidopsis pollen germination, and employed ultrahigh resolution ESI FT-ICR and MS/MS techniques to accurately determine the mass (202.126 daltons) of a compound that is specifically present in this pistil extract fraction. Using the molecular formula (C 10 H 19 NOS) and tandem mass spectral fragmentation patterns of the m/z (mass to charge ratio) 202.126 ion, we postulated chemical structures, devised protocols, synthesized N -Methanesulfinyl 1- and 2-azadecalins that are close structural mimics of the m/z 202.126 ion, and showed that they are sufficient to stimulate Arabidopsis pollen germination in vitro (30 µM stimulated ~50% germination) and elicit accession-specific response. Although N -Methanesulfinyl 2-azadecalin stimulated pollen germination in three species of Lineage I of Brassicaceae, it did not induce a germination response in Sisymbrium irio (Lineage II of Brassicaceae) and tobacco, indicating that activity of the compound is not random. Our results show that Arabidopsis pistils promote germination by producing azadecalin-like molecules to ensure rapid fertilization by the appropriate pollen