Multiple combinations of melanocytic and vascular endothelial markers enhance the detection rate of lymphovascular invasion in cutaneous melanoma.

Background Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is believed to be the mechanism by which melanoma cells can disseminate to regional lymph nodes and distant sites and may be predictive of adverse outcome. Lymphovascular invasion often difficult to detect on hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stained sections, are readily identified with dual immunohistochemistry (IHC) for melanocytic and vascular markers