Proceedings pertemuan ilmiah arkeologi V: II.B kajian arkeologi Indonesia

Buku ini berisi makalah-makalah dengan judul-judul sebagai berikut. Kajian epigrafi dan naskah. Kajian aspek lingkungan hidup. Kajian aspek sosial dan religi, serta pembahasan lainnya yang dapat dilihat dalam buku in

Utilization of crown pineapple waste as raw material preparation of activated carbon as adsorbent in natural gas storage

Activated carbon used as natural gas storage in adsorbed natural gas technology due to physical adsorption properties. Pineapple crown was used as raw material for activated carbon by reason of high lignocellulose content. The purpose of this study is to produce high surface area of activated carbon with high carbon composition (up to 80% weight). Activated carbon were prepared through chemical activation using KOH with various weight ratio and physical activation using N2 with 150 ml/min flowrate. Carbonization of pineapple crown is done at 350°C followed by chemical activation with KOH activator and physical activation. The result of iod number indicate the 1:1 weight KOH ratio gave the highest iod number 1337 mg/mg and 1190.799 m2/g surface area achieved by chemical-physical activation

Utilization of crown pineapple waste as raw material preparation of activated carbon as adsorbent in natural gas storage

Activated carbon used as natural gas storage in adsorbed natural gas technology due to physical adsorption properties. Pineapple crown was used as raw material for activated carbon by reason of high lignocellulose content. The purpose of this study is to produce high surface area of activated carbon with high carbon composition (up to 80% weight). Activated carbon were prepared through chemical activation using KOH with various weight ratio and physical activation using N2 with 150 ml/min flowrate. Carbonization of pineapple crown is done at 350°C followed by chemical activation with KOH activator and physical activation. The result of iod number indicate the 1:1 weight KOH ratio gave the highest iod number 1337 mg/mg and 1190.799 m2/g surface area achieved by chemical-physical activation

Efektivitas Pemberian Poc Kotoran Burung Walet Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L.)

Onion production must always be increased. Liquid organic fertilizers affect the growth and development of soil microbes and the nutrients contained in POC will be absorbed more quickly by plants. Guano or swallow droppings originating from the swallow cultivator building are currently not widely used and further processed, even though the waste can be used as fertilizer that can fertilize plants. This study aims to obtain the POC dose of swallow droppings that provide the highest growth effectiveness and yield in shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) plants.The research method used was a single factor Randomized Block Design (RBD), namely the dose of POC with 7 treatments that were repeated 4 times, namely treatment A (Without NPK and POC (control (-)), B (NPK 600 kg / ha (control (+)), C (POC 3 l / ha + NPK 300 kg / ha), D (POC 6 l / ha + NPK 300 kg / ha), E (POC 9 l / ha + NPK 300 kg / ha), F (POC 12 lt / ha + NPK 300 kg / ha), G (POC 15 l / ha + NPK 300 kg / ha). Data were analyzed using variance (ANOVA) and DMRT at the 5% level. Based on the results of the study, the dosage of swallow droppings POC did not have a significant effect on all components of growth and yield. This shows that POC made from swallow droppings has not been able to increase the growth and production of shallot plants

Potential of geothermal energy for electricity generation in Indonesia: A review

Geothermal energy is counted as a type of renewable energy, which means the availability is not affected by the lack of source and the increasing price of fossil oil. Environmental friendly is also one of the advantages of geothermal energy. In general, not all countries have the potential of geothermal energy, only countries traversed by the ring of fire have the geothermal energy resource. As one of the countries that traversed by the world's ring of fire, Indonesia hence holds the geothermal potential, which is indicated by the existing 117 active volcanoes spread across the country. Indonesia's geothermal energy potential is estimated about 40% of the world's geothermal energy potential or about 28,617 MW. However, only about 4.5% is being utilized as electrical energy in the country. The government of Indonesia is continuously putting the effort to increase the capacity of geothermal power plant. It is planned to install more geothermal power plant in Indonesia that amounted up to 9500 MW by 2025

Development of rapid low-cost lars platform for oil palm plantation

The need to produce high temporal remote sensing imagery for supporting precision agriculture in oil palm deserves a new low-altitude remote sensing (LARS) technique. Consumer over the shelf unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and digital cameras have the potential to serve as Personal Remote Sensing Toolkits which are low-cost, efficient, rapid and safe. The objectives of this study were to develop and test a new technique to rapidly capturing nadir images of large area oil palm plantation (1 km2 ~ 4 km2). Using 5 different multi-rotor UAV models several imagery missions were carried out. Multi-rotors were chosen as a platform due to its vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) feature. Multi-rotor’s VTOL was crucial for imagery mission success. Post processing results showed that for an area of 1 km2, it needs 2 to 6 sorties of quad-rotor UAV with 4000x3000 pixel digital cameras flying at altitude of 120m above ground level and an average of 50m cross-path distance. The results provide a suitability assessment of low-cost digital aerial imagery acquisition system. The study has successfully developed a decent workhorse quad-rotor UAV for Rapid Aerial Photogrammetry Imagery and Delivery (RAPID) in oil palm terrain. Finally we proposed the workhorse UAV as Low-Altitude Personal Remote Sensing (LAPERS) basic founding element

Hydrophilic and hydrophobic characteristics of dry peat

Indonesia is a country with the largest peatland in Southeast Asia. These vast peatland is spread throughout the country. In the last 2 decades, Indonesia encounter land fires and now becomes an annual land fire event. Later, observed that the land fire occurred because dry season in Indonesia causing the peat becomes dried enough to have hydrophobic characteristics and easily burned. This fire phenomena on peatland is determined by some factor such as, physical properties, organic content, oxygen concentration, etc. Peat has hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties as physical properties when treated differently. Initially raw peat has hydrophilic properties. However, in certain low level of moisture content, peat becomes hydrophobic. To examine this phenomenon, mechanical understanding based experiment was done. For hydrophilicity, the experiment will be using Shimadzu MOC63u Moisture Balance Analyzer. The peat sample which are used are Indonesian natural peat. The wet peat was dried by using moisture balance equipment with various time (0.5 till 6 hours with interval 0.5h) at 100°C. and loading peat into a tube with 2.15 cm in inner diameter and 5.5 cm long where both end are covered by wire mesh. Afterwards, the tube was being dipped into water in a certain depth. As for hydrophobicity, the experiment was done with the same method as hydrophilicity by using some of the dried peat. From the experiment, the mass loss, adsorption time, volume shrinkage and adsorption capacity and as well as hydrophobicity of peat will be shown in the result

Hasil cek similarity" Plasma Jet–Treated Lidah Buaya (Aloe Vera) Influences Proliferative-Phase Wound Healing"

An in vivo experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a plasma-treated aloe vera slice on cutaneous acute wound healing using a small animal model. A nonequilibrium atmospheric plasma pressure jet (N-APPJ) was developed. Aloe vera slices with thicknesses of approximately 2 mm were treated by N-APPJ at distances of 5 mm, 10 mm, and 20 mm before application. Possible reactive species on the surfaces of the plasma-treated aloe vera slices were chemically identified. Forty-five male Balb/c mice, aged 7−8 weeks, were classified into 5 groups: control (C), aloe vera slice alone (Av), plasma-treated aloe vera slice at 5-mm distance (PTAv-5), plasma-treated aloe vera slice at 10-mm distance (PTAv-10), and plasma-treated aloe vera slice at 20-mm distance (PAV-20). Wounds were observed for 14 days. Histological evaluation using general staining for re-epithelialization was also conducted. The "dropped-water method" was able to identify surfatic RONS. Additionally, this investigation revealed that sizes of wound areas in groups containing an aloe vera slice, from days 2 to 14, were significantly smaller compared with the control group. During the proliferative phase, wound size in PTAv-20 was smaller than that in both PTAv-5 and PTAv-10. From days 4 to 7, wound size in PTAv-20 was slightly smaller than that in Av; however, wound size in PTAv-5 and PTAv-10 was greater than that in PTAv-20. On day 7, re-epithelialization percentages in Av and PTAv-20 were significantly higher than in C. It was concluded that plasma-treated aloe vera has the ability to influence the proliferative phase of wound healing

Terrain mapping from unmanned aerial vehicles

In land surveying, digital terrain model (DTM) and digital surface model (DSM) have long been benefitted in many applications related to terrain mapping. Conventional methods of generating DTM and DSM have limitations in terms of practicality, time consumption and costing. The problems are much more serious for tropical regions where clouds are persistence and tend to affect the accuracy of most of these devices. This study aims to propose a novel way of generating DTM and DSM by utilising unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for different land covers including forest, plantation and developed areas in the tropical region of Malaysia. The aerial images obtained from non-matrix digital compact camera payload on UAV were processed photogrammetrically to produce terrain mapping products including DTM, DSM and orthophoto. A detailed survey is also conducted at these areas to produce contour map as benchmark data in which is less being practiced by UAV mappers. To determine the accuracy, quantitative and qualitative analysis were carried out by means of root mean square error (RMSE) and visual inspection. The results show that the RMSE of DTM for forest, plantation and developed area are ± 1.806 m, ± 0.938 m and ± 0.549 m, respectively while for DSM are ± 3.143 m, ± 0.637 m and ± 0.276 m respectively. This study has determined that, the development area gives the highest accuracy compared to the plantation and forested area in which for developed and plantation area the DSM is better than DTM while vice-versa for forested area. It can be concluded that the complexity if terrain is found to be one of the key factors that influences the accuracy of the generated DSM and DTM