Connection between type B (or C) and F factorizations and construction of algebras

In a recent paper (Del Sol Mesa A and Quesne C 2000 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 33 4059), we started a systematic study of the connections among different factorization types, suggested by Infeld and Hull, and of their consequences for the construction of algebras. We devised a general procedure for constructing satellite algebras for all the Hamiltonians admitting a type E factorization by using the relationship between type A and E factorizations. Here we complete our analysis by showing that for Hamiltonians admitting a type F factorization, a similar method, starting from either type B or type C ones, leads to other types of algebras. We therefore conclude that the existence of satellite algebras is a characteristic property of type E factorizable Hamiltonians. Our results are illustrated with the detailed discussion of the Coulomb problem.Comment: minor changes, 1 additional reference, final form to be published in JP

Modulating the water behavior, microstructure, and viscoelasticity of plasma-derived hydrogels by adding silica nanoparticles with tailored chemical and colloidal properties

The viscoelastic properties of hydrogels depend on the tridimensional polymeric structure and the behavior of the liquid confined in their pores. The objective here is to modulate these characteristics in plasma-derived hydrogels by the addition of glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles. These nanoparticles exhibited a hydrodynamic average size between 105.4 − 151.0 nm and surface coverage with (3-Glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane of 0–96 %. The reinforced hydrogels are porous networks with spherical nanoparticles homogeneously distributed into their walls. The silanol groups of silica increase four-fold humidity retention compared with the native hydrogel. This correlates with bound water &gt; 45 % on these reinforced hydrogels, in contrast with 75 % of free water on the native one (calculated from DSC in frozen hydrogels). The humidity stability can be also achieved in the hydrogel prepared with nanoparticles exhibiting 96 % organic coverage. Furthermore, this organic content promotes the microstructure chemical crosslinking, resulting in 3.9 and 1.6 higher Young's modulus compared with native and silica-reinforced hydrogels, respectively. The presence of glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles in reinforced hydrogels modulated its viscoelasticity behavior, decreasing stress relaxation, which was explained using the generalized Maxwell-Wiechert model. In conclusion, novel organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogels based on plasma-derived ones and glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles were developed. These nanoparticles are versatile and allow the production of hydrogels with improved viscoelastic behavior that also exhibits high water retention and morphological stability.</p

Modulating the water behavior, microstructure, and viscoelasticity of plasma-derived hydrogels by adding silica nanoparticles with tailored chemical and colloidal properties

The viscoelastic properties of hydrogels depend on the tridimensional polymeric structure and the behavior of the liquid confined in their pores. The objective here is to modulate these characteristics in plasma-derived hydrogels by the addition of glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles. These nanoparticles exhibited a hydrodynamic average size between 105.4 − 151.0 nm and surface coverage with (3-Glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane of 0–96 %. The reinforced hydrogels are porous networks with spherical nanoparticles homogeneously distributed into their walls. The silanol groups of silica increase four-fold humidity retention compared with the native hydrogel. This correlates with bound water &gt; 45 % on these reinforced hydrogels, in contrast with 75 % of free water on the native one (calculated from DSC in frozen hydrogels). The humidity stability can be also achieved in the hydrogel prepared with nanoparticles exhibiting 96 % organic coverage. Furthermore, this organic content promotes the microstructure chemical crosslinking, resulting in 3.9 and 1.6 higher Young's modulus compared with native and silica-reinforced hydrogels, respectively. The presence of glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles in reinforced hydrogels modulated its viscoelasticity behavior, decreasing stress relaxation, which was explained using the generalized Maxwell-Wiechert model. In conclusion, novel organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogels based on plasma-derived ones and glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles were developed. These nanoparticles are versatile and allow the production of hydrogels with improved viscoelastic behavior that also exhibits high water retention and morphological stability.</p

Modulating the water behavior, microstructure, and viscoelasticity of plasma-derived hydrogels by adding silica nanoparticles with tailored chemical and colloidal properties

The viscoelastic properties of hydrogels depend on the tridimensional polymeric structure and the behavior of the liquid confined in their pores. The objective here is to modulate these characteristics in plasma-derived hydrogels by the addition of glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles. These nanoparticles exhibited a hydrodynamic average size between 105.4 − 151.0 nm and surface coverage with (3-Glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane of 0–96 %. The reinforced hydrogels are porous networks with spherical nanoparticles homogeneously distributed into their walls. The silanol groups of silica increase four-fold humidity retention compared with the native hydrogel. This correlates with bound water &gt; 45 % on these reinforced hydrogels, in contrast with 75 % of free water on the native one (calculated from DSC in frozen hydrogels). The humidity stability can be also achieved in the hydrogel prepared with nanoparticles exhibiting 96 % organic coverage. Furthermore, this organic content promotes the microstructure chemical crosslinking, resulting in 3.9 and 1.6 higher Young's modulus compared with native and silica-reinforced hydrogels, respectively. The presence of glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles in reinforced hydrogels modulated its viscoelasticity behavior, decreasing stress relaxation, which was explained using the generalized Maxwell-Wiechert model. In conclusion, novel organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogels based on plasma-derived ones and glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles were developed. These nanoparticles are versatile and allow the production of hydrogels with improved viscoelastic behavior that also exhibits high water retention and morphological stability.</p

Modulating the water behavior, microstructure, and viscoelasticity of plasma-derived hydrogels by adding silica nanoparticles with tailored chemical and colloidal properties

The viscoelastic properties of hydrogels depend on the tridimensional polymeric structure and the behavior of the liquid confined in their pores. The objective here is to modulate these characteristics in plasma-derived hydrogels by the addition of glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles. These nanoparticles exhibited a hydrodynamic average size between 105.4 − 151.0 nm and surface coverage with (3-Glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane of 0–96 %. The reinforced hydrogels are porous networks with spherical nanoparticles homogeneously distributed into their walls. The silanol groups of silica increase four-fold humidity retention compared with the native hydrogel. This correlates with bound water &gt; 45 % on these reinforced hydrogels, in contrast with 75 % of free water on the native one (calculated from DSC in frozen hydrogels). The humidity stability can be also achieved in the hydrogel prepared with nanoparticles exhibiting 96 % organic coverage. Furthermore, this organic content promotes the microstructure chemical crosslinking, resulting in 3.9 and 1.6 higher Young's modulus compared with native and silica-reinforced hydrogels, respectively. The presence of glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles in reinforced hydrogels modulated its viscoelasticity behavior, decreasing stress relaxation, which was explained using the generalized Maxwell-Wiechert model. In conclusion, novel organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogels based on plasma-derived ones and glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles were developed. These nanoparticles are versatile and allow the production of hydrogels with improved viscoelastic behavior that also exhibits high water retention and morphological stability.</p

Modulating the water behavior, microstructure, and viscoelasticity of plasma-derived hydrogels by adding silica nanoparticles with tailored chemical and colloidal properties

The viscoelastic properties of hydrogels depend on the tridimensional polymeric structure and the behavior of the liquid confined in their pores. The objective here is to modulate these characteristics in plasma-derived hydrogels by the addition of glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles. These nanoparticles exhibited a hydrodynamic average size between 105.4 − 151.0 nm and surface coverage with (3-Glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane of 0–96 %. The reinforced hydrogels are porous networks with spherical nanoparticles homogeneously distributed into their walls. The silanol groups of silica increase four-fold humidity retention compared with the native hydrogel. This correlates with bound water &gt; 45 % on these reinforced hydrogels, in contrast with 75 % of free water on the native one (calculated from DSC in frozen hydrogels). The humidity stability can be also achieved in the hydrogel prepared with nanoparticles exhibiting 96 % organic coverage. Furthermore, this organic content promotes the microstructure chemical crosslinking, resulting in 3.9 and 1.6 higher Young's modulus compared with native and silica-reinforced hydrogels, respectively. The presence of glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles in reinforced hydrogels modulated its viscoelasticity behavior, decreasing stress relaxation, which was explained using the generalized Maxwell-Wiechert model. In conclusion, novel organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogels based on plasma-derived ones and glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles were developed. These nanoparticles are versatile and allow the production of hydrogels with improved viscoelastic behavior that also exhibits high water retention and morphological stability.</p

Signature of Magnetic Phase Separation in the Ground State of Pr1-xCaxMnO3

Neutron scattering has been used to investigate the evolution of the long- and short-range charge-ordered (CO), ferromagnetic (FM), and antiferromagnetic (AF) correlations in single crystals of Pr1-xCaxMnO3. The existence and population of spin clusters as refected by short-range correlations are found to drastically depend on the doping (x) and temperature (T). Concentrated spin clusters coexist with long-range canted AF order in a wide temperature range in x = 0.3 while clusters do not appear in x = 0.4 crystal. In contrast, both CO and AF order parameters in the x = 0.35 crystal show a precipitous decrease below ~ 35 K where spin clusters form. These results provide direct evidence of magnetic phase separation and indicate that there is a critical doping x_c (close to x = 0.35) that divides the phase-separated site-centered from the homogeneous bond-centered or charge-disproportionated CO ground state.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Letter

Modulating the water behavior, microstructure, and viscoelasticity of plasma-derived hydrogels by adding silica nanoparticles with tailored chemical and colloidal properties

The viscoelastic properties of hydrogels depend on the tridimensional polymeric structure and the behavior of the liquid confined in their pores. The objective here is to modulate these characteristics in plasma-derived hydrogels by the addition of glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles. These nanoparticles exhibited a hydrodynamic average size between 105.4 − 151.0 nm and surface coverage with (3-Glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane of 0–96 %. The reinforced hydrogels are porous networks with spherical nanoparticles homogeneously distributed into their walls. The silanol groups of silica increase four-fold humidity retention compared with the native hydrogel. This correlates with bound water &gt; 45 % on these reinforced hydrogels, in contrast with 75 % of free water on the native one (calculated from DSC in frozen hydrogels). The humidity stability can be also achieved in the hydrogel prepared with nanoparticles exhibiting 96 % organic coverage. Furthermore, this organic content promotes the microstructure chemical crosslinking, resulting in 3.9 and 1.6 higher Young's modulus compared with native and silica-reinforced hydrogels, respectively. The presence of glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles in reinforced hydrogels modulated its viscoelasticity behavior, decreasing stress relaxation, which was explained using the generalized Maxwell-Wiechert model. In conclusion, novel organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogels based on plasma-derived ones and glycidoxypropyl-silica nanoparticles were developed. These nanoparticles are versatile and allow the production of hydrogels with improved viscoelastic behavior that also exhibits high water retention and morphological stability.</p

Protoplanetary disks in the hostile environment of Carina

We report the first direct imaging of protoplanetary disks in the star-forming region of Carina, the most distant massive cluster in which disks have been imaged. Using the Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA), the disks are observed around two young stellar objects (YSOs) that are embedded inside evaporating gaseous globules and exhibit jet activity. The disks have an average radius of 60 au and total masses of 30 and 50 ${M}_{\mathrm{Jup}}$. Given the measured masses, the minimum timescale required for planet formation (~1–2 Myr) and the average age of the Carina population (~1–4 Myr), it is plausible that young planets are present or their formation is currently ongoing in these disks. The non-detection of millimeter emission above the 4σ threshold ($\sim 7{M}_{\mathrm{Jup}}$) in the core of the massive cluster Trumpler 14, an area containing previously identified proplyd candidates, suggests evidence for rapid photo-evaporative disk destruction in the cluster's harsh radiation field. This would prevent the formation of giant gas planets in disks located in the cores of Carina's dense subclusters, whereas the majority of YSO disks in the wider Carina region remain unaffected by external photoevaporation