Green synthesis of Piper nigrum copper-based nanoparticles: in silico study and ADMET analysis to assess their antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic effects

Nanobiotechnology is a popular branch of science that is gaining interest among scientists and researchers as it allows for the green manufacturing of nanoparticles by employing plants as reducing agents. This method is safe, cheap, reproducible, and eco-friendly. In this study, the therapeutic property of Piper nigrum fruit was mixed with the antibacterial activity of metallic copper to produce copper nanoparticles. The synthesis of copper nanoparticles was indicated by a color change from brown to blue. Physical characterization of Piper nigrum copper nanoparticles (PN-CuNPs) was performed using UV-vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, SEM, EDX, XRD, and Zeta analyzer. PN-CuNPs exhibited potential antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activities. PN-CuNPs have shown concentration-dependent, enhanced free radical scavenging activity, reaching maximum values of 92%, 90%, and 86% with DPPH, H2O2, and PMA tests, respectively. The antibacterial zone of inhibition of PN-CuNPs was the highest against Staphylococcus aureus (23 mm) and the lowest against Escherichia coli (10 mm). PN-CuNPs showed 80% in vitro cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. Furthermore, more than 50 components of Piper nigrum extract were selected and subjected to in silico molecular docking using the C-Docker protocol in the binding pockets of glutathione reductase, E. coli DNA gyrase topoisomerase II, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine to discover their druggability. Pipercyclobutanamide A (26), pipernigramide F (32), and pipernigramide G (33) scored the highest Gibbs free energy at 50.489, 51.9306, and 58.615 kcal/mol, respectively. The ADMET/TOPKAT analysis confirmed the favorable pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and toxicity profiles of the three promising compounds. The present in silico analysis helps us to understand the possible mechanisms behind the antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activities of CuNPs and recommends them as implicit inhibitors of selected proteins

MEMBANGUN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER, PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER SYUKUR

Agama Islam diturunkan di dunia oleh ALLOH SWT, melalui Rosul Muhammad, adalah untuk memberikan pelajaran pada manusia tentang kebesaran dan keagungan NYA. Bentuk kebesaran dan keagungan NYA ini terwujud pada segala benda yang tampak dan tidak tampak di alam semesta. Selayanya manusia sebagai ciptaanNYA yang paling sempurna mensyukurinya. Literasi paling awal di dunia ini adalah ketika ALLOH SWT menurunkan wahyu pertama kepada Rosul Muhammad,melalui malaikat Jibril, berupa Iqro’, yang terangkum dalam surat Al ‘Alaq. Esensi dari surat tersebut adalah tuntunan bagaimana cara-cara mengakses pengetahuan dari ALLOH SWT. Tuhan memberikan bimbingan pada Rosululloh, pada fase awal turunnya wahyu, yang berlangsung di Mekah sebelum hijrah ke Medinah. Saat itu Rosul berumur 40 tahun, dan pada saat itu beliau sudah mencapai kematangan fisik, spiritual dan emosional. Saat proses malaikat Jibril datang membawa wahyu, Rosul Muhamamad bukannya dalam keadaan siap, malah menggigil dan ketakutan. Malaikat Jibril memeluk Rosul sampai tiga kali, baru kemudian Rosul tenang. Dalam keadaan tenang, kemudian Jibril mengulang wahyu ALLOH agar Rosul membaca dengan nama Tuhan ALLOH yang telah menciptakan pengetahuan bagi manusia. Fase pembelajaran yang Alloh tuntunkan kepada Rosul, terdapat dalam Al Qur’an sebanyak 86 surat terkait dengan bimbingan ALLOH. Surat-surat tersebut memberikan penguatan kepada jiwa, menamkan karakteristik iman yang kuat, dan akidah yang kokoh. Gambaran literasi melalui wahyu, kemudian dilanjutkan dalam bentuk hafalan-hafalan, diterjemahkan dalam tulisan-tulisan tangan, dan sampai pada era sekarang tulisan tangan sudah bertransformasi menjadi digital. Pada bab ini, penulis akan menguraikan pendidikan karakter syukur terdiri dari 3 konsep utama : 1) Konsep pendidikan, 2) Konsep karakter, dan 3) Konsep syukur. Tiga diksi yang berbeda namun bila dirangkai menjadi satu, maka akan membentuk diksi bar

Effects of the Insertion Type and Depth on the Pedicle Screw Pullout Strength: A Finite Element Study

Purpose. The pedicle screw is a surgical device that has become widely used in spinal fixation and stabilization. Postsurgical complications such as screw loosening due to fatigue loading and screw breakage still need investigations. Clinical parameters such as the screw insertion type and depth, the bone density, and the patient degree of mobility greatly affect the mechanisms of the implant’s failure/success. Methods. The current finite element study focused on the prediction of the pedicle screw pullout strength under various conditions such as insertion type, insertion depth, bone quality, and loading mode. Results. As depicted in this study, the preservation of the pedicle cortex as in the N1 insertion technique greatly enhances the pullout resistance. In addition, the higher the screw-anchoring depth, permitting to gear a maximum number of threads, the better the protection against premature breakouts of pedicle screws. Conclusions. In agreement with experimental data, the type of insertion in which the first screw thread is placed immediately after the preserved pedicle cortex showed the best pullout resistance for both normal and osteoporotic bone

Effects of rail joints and train's critical speed on the dynamic behavior of bridges

International audienceThe dynamic amplification of the railway bridges caused by the passage of a train varies according to several factors. Among these factors: defaults of roughness of the rail and its joints, etc. These defects are usually encountered in railways and they influence the dynamics of the vehicle-bridge interaction, whence the importance of this study. In this paper, the defect of rail joint is investigated with train's critical speed. The joints between the rails are modeled by periodic irregularities. The bridge is modeled by a simply supported uniform beam. The train is modeled as a convoy of vehicles moving with a constant speed. The governing equations of motion for the bridge-train interaction system are derived using the Lagrangian formulation and the modal superposition technique. These equations are integrated numerically by applying the Newmark method. This paper presents a computation code in FORTRAN to analyze the effect of the above-mentioned defects on the bridge's dynamic response

Ajwa-Dates (<i>Phoenix dactylifera</i>)-Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Anti-Bacterial, Anti-Biofilm, and Cytotoxic Potential

Green nanotechnology is the evolution of cost-effective and environmentally friendly processes for the production of metal-based nanoparticles due to medicinal importance and economic value. The aim of the present study was to biosynthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the seed extract of Ajwa dates (Aw). The anti-bacteriostatic activity of biosynthesized Aw–AgNPs against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains was evaluated. The anti-biofilm activity was examined by the tissue culture plate method. Lastly, the anti-cancer potential of Aw–AgNPs was investigated against the human breast cancer cell line HCC712. UV–visible absorption spectra exhibited the plasmon resonance peak at 430 nm, with the solution undergoing rapid color changes that verified the existence of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles in the solution. TEM and SEM images illustrated that the Aw–AgNPs were spherical and between 15 and 80 nm in diameter. The reduction and stabilization of Aw–AgNPs was due to the functional groups present in the biomolecules of the Ajwa seeds, as identified by FTIR. The Aw–AgNPs exhibited significant anti-bacterial activity against all the tested bacterial strains. Moreover, the Aw–AgNPs efficiently hampered the biofilm formation of the bacterial strains and exhibited cytotoxicity at various concentrations. Overall, these findings suggest that biosynthesized Aw–AgNPs may be used as a potential therapeutic formulation against bacterial infections and breast cancer