Study of Lithological Control Over Infiltration Through Water-Level Fluctuation and Phi-Index in Micro-Watersheds of Nagpur District, Maharashtra, India

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Rainwater harvesting (RWH) potential assessment for micro-watersheds in highly urbanized city using geo-spatial techniques

Rapid growth of cities across the world is leading to heavy pressure on water resources with many urban centers facing crisis in water supply. Still, the water quality supplied is not-potable, services are irregular, water wastage is high, with much of the poor strata not having access to piped water, and corporations do not collect the funds needed for maintenance and operation. To address this crisis, many urban centers are investing in expensive water supply rehabilitation and expansion projects, often with the assistance of the World Bank and other agencies. However, little is being done to protect the sources of water. Urban watersheds and their biodiversity are being degraded by uncontrolled use, resulting in poorer water quality threats to human health, seasonal water shortages amp aquifers are being polluted and depleted.nbspAsnbspthe water crisis continues to become severe, there is a dire need of reform in water management system and revival of traditional systems. Scientific amp technological studies need to be carried out to assess present status so as to suggest suitable mitigative measures for the revival to traditional system/wisdom. Revival process should necessarily be backed by people#39s initiative and active public participation.nbspIn order to properly manage the changing conditions, knowledge and estimation of the available resources and applying their relation with the population is of utmost importance. The paper deals with extraction of such information with the help of spatial techniques. This paper deals with estimation of the amount of rainwater harvesting potential for micro watersheds of Nag river watershed using geo-spatial techniques.nbs

Spatial distribution of metals in ground/surface waters in the Chandrapur district (Central India) and their plausible sources

This study addresses a framework to evaluate and map environmental hazard with reference to spatial distribution of major and trace metal contamination and its relationship with lithology in Chandrapur district of Maharashtra, India using geospatial, statistical and GIS tools. In all, 208 ground water and 35 surface water samples were collected using global positioning system (GPS) synoptically with satellite imagery IRS P6 LISS III and were analyzed in ICP-AES. Analytical results reflect the presence of major and trace metals in ground water in terms of % as Fe (48%), Mn (12%), Zn (9%), Al (8%), Pb (7%), Cu (6%), Ni (4%), Cd (3%) and Cr (3%) of the total average concentration. The contamination is attributed to weathering of rocks and also to mining activities. Similarly, surface water contribution of major and trace metals was found as Al (47.8%), Fe (42.8%), Mn (5.5%), Zn (2.3%), Pb (0.56%), Ni (0.42%), Cu (0.16%), Cr (0.16%) and Cd (0.10%) of the total average concentration. Ordinary kriging interpolation method was adopted to assess the spatial distribution of different major and trace metals in groundwater samples with their best model fit variogram Classical statistical method like principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out in order to establish correlation between spatial pattern of metal contamination and geology of the area in GIS environment. Various surface and subsurface aspects like landuse/land cover, structural features, hydrogeology, topography etc were also considered to ascertain their impact to supplement the inference of the study

Assessing Spatial Occurrence of Ground Level Ozone around Coal Mining Areas of Chandrapur District, Maharashtra, India

Stratospheric input and photochemical ozone formation in the troposphere are the two main sources determining the ozone levels in the surface layer of the atmosphere. Because of the importance of ozone in controlling the atmospheric chemistry and its decisive role in the heat balance of atmosphere, leading to climate change, the examination of its formation and destruction are of great interest. This study characterized the distribution of Ground level Ozone (GLO) in Chandrapur district is lying between 19°25′N to 20°45′N and 78°50′E to 80°10′E. Continuous ozone analyzer was used to quantify GLO at thirteen locations fixed by Global Positioning System (GPS) during the winter of 2005–2006. The daily GLO at all the locations ranged between 6.4 and 24.8 ppbv with an average and standard deviation of 14.9 ± 6.5 ppbv. The maximum and minimum concentration occurs during 1300–1600 h and 0300–0500 h may be due to high solar radiation facilitating photochemical production of O3 and downward mixing from the overlying air mass and in situ destruction of ozone by deposition and/or the reaction between O3 and NO. GIS based spatial distribution of GLO in Chandrapur district is indicates that the central core of the district and southern sites experienced elevated levels of GLO relative to the northern and western areas. The sites near by Chandrapur city are particularly affected by elevated GLO. The average variation of GLO with temperature shows a significant correlation of r = 0.55 indicating a direct relationship between GLO and temperature. Similarly an attempt has been made to compare the GLO monitored data in Chandrapur district with the reported values for other locations in Indian cities. This generated database helps regulatory agencies to identify locations where the natural resources and human health could be at risk