Kuhn-Tucker Optimality Conditions for Vector Equilibrium Problems

By using the concept of Fréchet differentiability of mapping, we present the Kuhn-Tucker optimality conditions for weakly efficient solution, Henig efficient solution, superefficient solution, and globally efficient solution to the vector equilibrium problems with constraints

Identity-Based Directed Signature Scheme from Bilinear Pairings

In a directed signature scheme, a verifier can exclusively verify the signatures designated to himself, and shares with the signer the ability to prove correctness of the signature to a third party when necessary. Directed signature schemes are suitable for applications such as bill of tax and bill of health. This paper studies directed signatures in the identity-based setting. We first present the syntax and security notion that includes unforgeability and invisibility, then propose a concrete identity-based directed signature scheme from bilinear pairings. We then prove our scheme existentially unforgeable under the computational Diffie-Hellman assumption, and invisible under the decisional Bilinear Diffie-Hellman assumption, both in the random oracle model

A phonological history of Amdo Tibetan rhymes

In this study, a reconstruction is offered for the phonetic evolution of rhymes from Old Tibetan to modern-day Amdo Tibetan dialects. The relevant sound changes are proposed, along with their relative chronological precedence and the dating of some specific changes. Most interestingly, although Amdo Tibetan, identically to its ancestor Old Tibetan, does not have phonemic length, this study shows that Amdo Tibetan derives from an intermediate stage which, like many other Tibetan dialects, does make the distinction

Correlation between serum S100β protein levels and cognitive dysfunction in patients with cerebral small vessel disease: a case-control study

The present study was designed to explore the correlation between serum S100β levels and cognitive dysfunction in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). A total of 172 SVD patients participated in the study, and they were assigned to patients with no cognitive impairment (NCI group) and those with vascular cognitive impairment no dementia (VCIND group). In total, 105 people were recruited into the normal control group. Serum S100β protein level was detected by ELISA. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed for the predictive value of serum S100β in diagnosing SVD with cognitive dysfunction. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the association of S100β level with mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and the association of S100β levels with hypertension. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze risk factors of SVD. The serum S100β levels in the VCIND group were higher than those in the NCI and normal control groups. Logistic regression analysis revealed that a high serum S100β protein level, hypertension, and high low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) level were the independent risk factors for SVD. In addition, hypertension patients showed higher S100β levels than those with normal blood pressure and the normal control group, and there was a positive correlation between S100β level and blood pressure. The concentration of serum S100β level was related to impairment of cognition function of VCIND patients, therefore, early detection of serum S100β was of great value for diagnosis of SVD