Fine mapping of <i>qSH-8</i> on chromosome 8 using Zhe733/R312 (A-C) and Cocodrie/Jing185 (D-F) F₉ RIL populations.

<p>Genetic distance cM is the number between markers and physical distance is placed below markers, <i>qSH-8</i> in a 1.2 cM region between RM6838 and RM72 (A), a 340 kb region between RM22573 and RM22589 (B) and a 290 kb region between RM22573 and InDel 27 (C) in Zhe733/R312; and a 2.8 cM between RM22559 and RM72 (D), a 710 kb region between AP3858-1 and RM22613 (E), and a 690 kb region between InDel 11 and RM22613 (F) in Cocodrie/Jing185.</p

Association of markers with straighthead phenotype using two recombined inbred line (RIL) F₉ populations and a global germplasm collection including 72 accessions (some germplasm accessions had no parental alleles for a certain marker).

a<p>The accessions or RILs selected for marker verification were either resistant with straighthead rating 4 or below or susceptible with rating 6 or above in global germplasm collection and two F₉ populations.</p>b<p>A total of 34 accessions were selected for verification of AP3858-1 because remaining 38 had either no alleles of or different from parental Zhe733, R312, Cocodrie and Jing185, and for the same reason, 42 accessions were applied for verification of InDell 11. Hybrid genotypes were included as the resistance group since resistance was dominant over susceptibility.</p

QTLs identified in two recombined inbred line (RIL) F₉ populations using Qgene 4.3.8.

a<p>According to permutation function in Qgene, LOD≥2.8 was used to claim QTL associated with straighthead in Zhe733/R312 and LOD≥3.8 in Cocodrie/Jing185 using a probability level of 0.05.</p

Distribution of RILs of two populations.

<p>Distribution of straighthead ratings among 170 Zhe733/R312 F₉ RILs and two parents Zhe733 and R312 (A), and among 91 Cocodrie/Jing185 F₉ RILs and two parents Cocodrie and Jing185 (B). Coefficient of variation was 16.7% and 13.1% in Zhe733/R312 and Cocodrie/Jing185 populations, respectively.</p

Polymorphic SSR markers designed for fine mapping straighthead resistance QTL <i>qSH-8</i> on chromosome (chr) 8 using two recombined inbred line (RIL) F₉ populations.

<p>Polymorphic SSR markers designed for fine mapping straighthead resistance QTL <i>qSH-8</i> on chromosome (chr) 8 using two recombined inbred line (RIL) F₉ populations.</p

Association of InDel 11 genotype with straighthead phenotype in a global germplasm collection.

a<p>A total of 42 accessions showed parental alleles screened by InDel 11. The 32 accessions listed above were those that the genotype matched the expected phenotype, whereas for the remaining 10 accessions the genotype did not match the phenotype.</p>b<p>National Small Grain Collection accessions with PI No. and Clor No.</p>c<p>‘a’ as resistant, ‘b’ as susceptible, and ‘h’ as heterozygous genotype but still considered as resistant because straighthead is a dominant trait.</p>d<p>Straighthead rating using a 1–9 scale with <4 being resistant and >6 being susceptible.</p><p>Zhe733 and Jing185*: Straighthead resistant parents for the RIL populations.</p><p>Cocodrie and R312**: Straighthead susceptible parents for the RIL populations.</p><p>PVP***: Plant variety protection.</p

Polymorphic InDel markers for fine mapping QTL <i>qSH-8</i> on chromosome (chr) 8 using Zhe733/R312 recombined inbred line (RIL) F₉ population.

<p>Polymorphic InDel markers for fine mapping QTL <i>qSH-8</i> on chromosome (chr) 8 using Zhe733/R312 recombined inbred line (RIL) F₉ population.</p

Recombinants identified in the target region from population Zhe733/R312 between RM6838 and RM72.

a<p>‘a’ for resistant genotype of Zhe733, ‘b’ for susceptible genotype of R312.</p>b<p>Straighthead rating using a 1–9 scale was averaged over 3 replications per year and 2 years for which the SD was estimated. Straighthead rating of 4 or below was resistant and 6 or above was susceptible.</p

Recombinants identified in the target region from population Cocodrie/Jing185 between RM22559 and RM72.

a<p>‘a’ for resistant genotype of Jing185, ‘b’ for susceptible genotype of Cocodrie.</p>b<p>Straighthead rating using a 1–9 scale was averaged over 3 replications per year and 2 years for which the SD was estimated. Straighthead rating of 4 or below was resistant and 6 or above was susceptible.</p

Straighthead phenotypes in parents of two mapping populations.

<p>Resistant parents Zhe733 and Jing185 had fully developed panicles while susceptible parents R312 and Cocodrie had panicles with severely distorted spikelets.</p