Eye Movement Analysis of Digital Learning Content for Educational Innovation

Eye movement technology is highly valued for evaluating and improving digital learning content. In this paper, an educational innovation study of eye movement behaviors on digital learning content is presented. We proposed three new eye movement metrics to explain eye movement behaviors. In the proposed method, the digital content, which were slide-deck-like works, were classified into page categories according to the characteristics of each page. We interpreted the subjects’ eye movement behaviors on the digital slide decks. After data regularization and filtering, the results were analyzed to give directions for how to design an attractive digital learning content from the viewpoint of eye movement behaviors. The relationships between the subjects’ evaluation scores, page categories, and eye movement metrics are discussed. The results demonstrated that the proposed fixation time percentage (FTP) was a representative, strong, and stable eye movement metric to measure the subjects’ interest. Moreover, a reasonable portion of semantic content had a positive influence on the subjects’ interest

Recent Advances in Ionic Liquids—MOF Hybrid Electrolytes for Solid-State Electrolyte of Lithium Battery

Li-ion batteries are currently considered promising energy storage devices for the future. However, the use of liquid electrolytes poses certain challenges, including lithium dendrite penetration and flammable liquid leakage. Encouragingly, solid electrolytes endowed with high stability and safety appear to be a potential solution to these problems. Among them, ionic liquids (ILs) packed in metal organic frameworks (MOFs), known as ILs@MOFs, have emerged as a hybrid solid-state material that possesses high conductivity, low flammability, and strong mechanical stability. ILs@MOFs plays a crucial role in forming a continuous interfacial conduction network, as well as providing internal ion conduction pathways through the ionic liquid. Hence, ILs@MOFs can not only act as a suitable ionic conduct main body, but also be used as an active filler in composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) to meet the demand for higher conductivity and lower cost. This review focuses on the characteristic properties and the ion transport mechanism behind ILs@MOFs, highlighting the main problems of its applications. Moreover, this review presents an introduction of the advantages and applications of Ils@MOFs as fillers and the improvement directions are also discussed. In the conclusion, the challenges and suggestions for the future improvement of ILs@MOFs hybrid electrolytes are also prospected. Overall, this review demonstrates the application potential of ILs@MOFs as a hybrid electrolyte material in energy storage systems

Eye Tracking Based Control System for Natural Human-Computer Interaction

Eye movement can be regarded as a pivotal real-time input medium for human-computer communication, which is especially important for people with physical disability. In order to improve the reliability, mobility, and usability of eye tracking technique in user-computer dialogue, a novel eye control system with integrating both mouse and keyboard functions is proposed in this paper. The proposed system focuses on providing a simple and convenient interactive mode by only using user’s eye. The usage flow of the proposed system is designed to perfectly follow human natural habits. Additionally, a magnifier module is proposed to allow the accurate operation. In the experiment, two interactive tasks with different difficulty (searching article and browsing multimedia web) were done to compare the proposed eye control tool with an existing system. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) measures are used to evaluate the perceived effectiveness of our system. It is demonstrated that the proposed system is very effective with regard to usability and interface design

Mechanism for Major Improvement in SOFC Electrolyte Conductivity When Using Lithium Compounds as Anode

Recent studies indicate that the electrolyte ionic conductivity in an SOFC can be considerably increased by using lithium compounds as the electrode. We found that the ionic conductivity of Gd0.1Ce0.9O1.95 electrolyte in the Ni0.8Co0.15Al0.05LiO2 anode cell was 10.1 mS/cm only at 550 °C without H2, but it increased to 44.6 mS/cm after feeding H2 to the anode. It was found that LiOH/Li2CO3 moved into the GDC electrolyte from the NCAL anode and formed a three-phase composite electrolyte. A space charge region with a high oxygen vacancy concentration is formed around the interface of LiOH/Li2CO3 and GDC, which increases the ionic conductivity.Peer reviewe

Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Subspecies Isolated from Raised Reptiles in Beijing, China

Background: Reptiles are asymptomatic carriers of Salmonella spp. Reptile-associated Salmonella infections have been noticed as a significant contributor to overall human salmonellosis. However, it remains unclear regarding the prevalence of reptile-associated Salmonella in China. Methods: Fecal and gastrointestinal mucosal samples were taken from 104 snakes, 21 lizards, and 52 chelonians and cultured on selective medium. The positive clones were validated and annotated by biochemical screening and multiplex PCR verification. In addition, the antibiotic resistance of identified Salmonella isolates was detected and followed by cytotoxic activity detection on human colon cells via co-culturation. Results: The overall prevalence of Salmonella in reptiles was 25.99%, with rates of 30.77%, 47.62%, and 7.69% in snakes, lizards, and chelonians, respectively. Further, all isolates showed variable drug-resistant activity to 18 antibiotics, of which 14 strains (30.43%) were resistant to more than eight kinds of antibiotics. More than half of isolated Salmonella strains were more toxic to host cells than the standard strain, SL1344. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) results showed that all lizard-associated strains belong to 4 serovar types, and 7 of them fall into the highly pathogenic serovars “Carmel” and “Pomona.” Conclusions: Our results highlight the potential threat of zoonotic salmonellosis from captive reptiles in the Beijing area of China